Konvalis: cov lus qhia, tshuaj xyuas, analogues thiab nqi

Cov nquag ua ke ntawm cov khoom zoo ib yam hauv cov qauv gamma-aminobutyric aciduas yog neurotransmitterCov. Cov khoom khi raualpha-2-δ-subunit ntawm cov calcium calciumthiab nres qhov khiav ceev ntawm calcium los ntawm lawv. Nws yog cov kab kev no uas xa cov kev sib kis ntawm lub paj hlwb txoj kev xav uas qhia tias mob.

Tsis tas li, qhov cuab yeej txuas ntxiv txo glutamate tubtuag ntawm neurons, nce synthesis GABAtxo tus nqi tso tawm cov neurotransmittersmonoamine pawg.

Ntawm ib txwm ntau nyob rau hauv ntshav ntshav cov tshuaj tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm yam GABA receptors, benzodiazepine, glutamate thiab lwm tus txais khoom. Cov tshuaj tsis cuam tshuam nrog sodium channels.

Yog tias koj nce qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj, nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv yuav ua rau, ntawm qhov tsis sib thooj, txo qis. Tshaj ntshav siab tshaj plaws ntshav tshwm sim 2-3 teev tom qab kev tswj hwm. Bioavailability yog li ntawm 60%. Noj, txawm tias muaj cov rog hauv siab, tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov kev txwv pharmacokinetic ntawm cov tshuaj.

Qhov kev tshem tawm ib nrab-lub neej yog kwv yees li 6 teev. Cov tshuaj nquag tsis muaj peev xwm khi nrog cov ntshav protein.

Cov tshuaj tsis nthuav tawm hauv lub cev, tsis ua rau induction ntawm daim siab enzymesCov. Kev rho tawm hauv lub cev los ntawm lub raum nrog zis. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov neeg laus cov neeg mob, cov neeg uas muaj kab mob siab, gabapentin ntshiab me ntsis txo.

Cov neeg mob lub raum uas lub raum khiav tsis zoo, tshwj xeeb yog cov uas dhau mus tsis tseg hemodialysis, kev siv tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tau kho.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

• ntawm qaug dab peg cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus txij li 12 xyoos los ua ib feem ntawm kev kho mob lossis cov cuab yeej ywj pheej,
• rau kev kho mob neuropathic mob,
• ntawm qaug dab peg qaug dab peg nrog theem nrab kev dav dav.

Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj

Lub kaus poom tsis tuaj yeem siv:

• cov me nyuam qis dua 12 xyoos
• ntawm mob leeg txhaj leeg,
• cov neeg nrog intolerance lactose, lactase tsis muaj peev xwm thiab piam thaj galactose malabsorption,
• yog muaj ua xua ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov neeg mob los ntawm lub raum tsis ua hauj lwmkev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau noj thaum noj cov tshuaj.

Sab sij huam

Thaum siv tshuaj kho kho neuropathic mob tej zaum yuav tshwm sim:

Yog tias cov tshuaj raug xaj tau txais kev kho mob ib nrab qaug dab pegtom qab ntawd cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no tsim:

• leukopenia, purpura,
• lability ntshav siab, vasodilationcov txheej txheem mob hauv lub qhov ncauj (kab mob ntawm cov hniav thiab pos hniav),
• pob txuvua pob thiab khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij,
• mob caj dab, cem quav, zawv plabtxhawb nqa ntau qab los thiab kem plabxeev siab flatulencemob hauv epigastric cheeb tsam,
• rov qab mob, o ntawm cov leeg nqaij, arthralgiankig pob txha
• kiv taub hauteeb meem nrog cov leeg reflexes, ntxhov siab vim, kev nyuaj siabkev nyuaj siab, nystagmusxav tsis meej,
• los ntswghnoos mob ntsws,
• kev kis kab mob genitourinary kheej,
• hyperkinesis, paresthesia, amnesiatsis meej pem thiab tsis sib haum ua kom sib haum, dysarthria, insomnia, tshee hnyo,
• poob libido thiab impotence,
• kev pom, daim ntawv pov thawjqaug zog, o ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab periphery, asthenia.

Cov kev phiv tsis xws xws li ataxia, kiv taub hau, nystagmus thiab tsaug zog, nyob ntawm seb cov koob tshuaj npaum li cas.

Nrog kev txiav tsis meej ntawm kev noj cov ntsiav tshuaj, cov cim ntawm kev tshem tawm tus mob yuav tshwm sim: xeev siab, mob rau ntau qhov chaw, tawm hws, ntxhov siab, pw tsaug zog.

Cov lus qhia rau siv Convalis (txoj kev thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas)

Cov tshuaj yog noj ntawm qhov ncauj tsis tau ntxo lossis faib cov ntsiav tshuaj, tsis hais noj zaub mov.

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj Convalis ua tshuaj rau mob vwm

Qhov kev muab tshuaj thawj zaug yog 300 mg rau ib hnub. Tom qab ntawd cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yog nce rau 900 mg, faib rau ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua. Tom qab, yog tias tsim nyog thiab raws li kev pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob mus koom, cov tshuaj ntawm ib hnub tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1200 mg.

Max Qty gabapentinuas tuaj yeem noj tau thawm hnub yog 3600 mg (txhua 8 teev). Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm cov koob tshuaj yog tsis pub ntev tshaj 12 teev.

Kev kho cov mob neuropathic

Nyob rau thawj hnub, 300 mg ntawm cov tshuaj yog npaum li cas, thib ob - 600 mg hauv 2 faib koob tshuaj, rau hnub thib peb - ​​300 mg, 3 zaug hauv ib hnub. Ntxiv mus, kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub tuaj yeem raug nce ntxiv rau 3600 mg.

Nrog rau lub raum mob:

• yog tias creatinine tshem tawm yog los ntawm 50 txog 79 ml ib feeb, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem haus 600-1800 mg ntawm cov tshuaj ib hnub,
• yog tias KK li ntawm 30 txog 49 ml / min - txog 900 mg rau ib hnub,
• yog tias qhov kev tshem nyiaj tau nce mus txog 30 ml / min - 600 mg,
• nrog rau kev tshem tawm kom tsawg dua 15 ml ib feeb, qhov ntau npaum ntawm 300 mg ib hnub twg yuav tsum ua raws.

Hauv cov neeg mob ntawm hemodialysis, tom qab txhua ntu 4-teev, yuav tsum tau noj 300 mg ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj.

Hnub thaum lim ntshav tsis nqa tawm, nce txhua hnub koob tshuaj yog impractical.

Noj ntau dhau

Yog tias koj tsim txom cov cuab yeej no yuav tshwm sim kiv taub hau, zawv plab, daim ntawv pov thawj, dysarthria thiab tsaug zog.

Raws li kev ntsuas kho kom tshem tawm cov tsis zoo, cov plab zom mov yog tshuaj hauv thawj teev tom qab noj ntau dhau, noj enterosorbentsmob kev kho mob. Zoo siv tau hemodialysis.

Kev sib txuam

Cimetidine nce qib kev ncua sijhawm gabapentin tawm ntawm lub cev.

Kev tib txhij txais tos ntawm cov nyiaj nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncaujmuaj ethinyl estradiollossis norethisterone tsis ua rau lawv cov tshuaj sib cuam tshuam.

Kev sib txuam tshuaj nrog morphineyog tias morphine raug coj 120 feeb ua ntejgabapentinua rau kev ncua sijhawm Auc pob nyiaj los ntawm 50% thiab nce mob.

Thaum noj cov tshuaj nrog lwm cov anticonvulsants (Phenobarbital, Valproic Acid, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin) tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj tshwm sim.

Antacids uas muaj txhuaslossis tshuaj nplaumtxo cov bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj. Siv cov nyiaj no nrog ncua sijhawm 2 teev.

Nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj nrog ethanol, cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem ntxiv mus.

Sib koom tes txais tos nrog Naproxen coj mus rau qhov nce hauv lub sij hawm nqus ntawm Convalis.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Qee zaum tom qab pib siv cov tshuaj rau cov neeg txom nyem los ntawm mob ntshav qab zib mellitusyuav tsum tau muab hloov kho ntau npaum li cas cov kab mob hypoglycemic.

Thaum kev txheeb xyuas tso zis rau cov protein sivlitmus ntawv Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam. Nws raug nquahu kom ua cov kev tshuaj ntsuam siv lwm txoj hauv kev.

Nws tsis raug nquahu kom tsav lossis ua yeeb yam uas yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas siab yog tias koj noj Convalis.

Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm kho nrog ib tug kho tau paub txog ntawm mob pancreatitis, kev kho mob yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Kev tshem tawm lossis hloov cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau maj mam ua, tsis pub dhau 7 hnub vim muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qaug dab peg.

Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom ua kev soj ntsuam kom raws sijhawm ntawm lub siab lub ntsws ntawm tus neeg mob. Thaum kho, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob kev nyuaj siabmuaj tshwm sim yus tua yus xav thiab deeds.

Cov Cim ntawm Convalis

Cov tshuaj feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj: Algerica, Gerolamic, Lamiktal, Normeg, Lamitrile, Latrigil, Topiramin, Levetiracetam, Levitsit, Nkauj, Epimil, Topilex, Neogabin, Topamax, Topilepsin, Epileptal, Epiramat, Epitrizhin, Wimpat, Keppra, Lamitor, Lamitor, Lamitor.

Gabagamma, Gabantin, Grimodin, Neuralgin, Tebantin, Gabalept, Gabapentin, Gabalept, Meditan, Newropentin.

Kev txheeb xyuas txog Convalis

Lawv teb zoo rau cov tshuaj, feem ntau hauv kev kho mob qaug dab pegCov. Feem ntau cov nyom tshwm sim yog mob taub hau, xeev siab, thiab teeb meem plab zom mov. Tsis tas li ntawd yws yws txog qhov tshwm sim tshem tawm cov mob syndromenrog rau kev ua tiav qhov kev ncua ntawm kev noj cov ntsiav tshuaj.

Kev txheeb xyuas txog Konvalis rau ntawm cov rooj sib tham:

• “... Ib cov tshuaj zoo heev, txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau noj rau ntev thiab ua raws li cov kev cai noj tshuaj kho”,
• “... Kuv raug kev txom nyem nrog hernia ntawm intervertebral disc, ntawm Konvalis Kuv hnov ​​zoo dua, Kuv tuaj yeem taug kev ntau, Kuv tau nquag. Tab sis tom qab qhov kev ua tiav lawm, txoj kev mob rov qab los”,
• “... Neuropathic mob tseem zoo li qub. Muaj tseeb, tom qab 2 x 3 teev tom qab noj, nws muaj peev xwm tsaug zog ntev li 3-4 teev”.

Tso tawm daim ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg

Daim ntawv qhia cov tshuaj yog daj tsiav tshuaj, nrog cov ntsiab lus nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov lead dawb los yog daj-xim dawb (10 tsiav tshuaj ib pob, 3 lossis 5 ntim rau hauv ib daim ntawv thawv).

Cov tshuaj phiv yog gabapentin, 300 mg hauv 1 tshuaj ntsiav.

Cov khoom siv ntxiv: pregelatinized pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, talc.

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tawv nkaws nkaws: hlau zas xim daj oxide, gelatin, titanium dioxide.

Tsuas tshuaj thiab tswj hwm

Cov tshuaj yog noj ntawm qhov ncauj, tsis hais txog noj mov, nqos tag nrho, tsis muaj ntxo thiab haus nrog kua.

Thaum ua kev kho mob monotherapy thiab siv Convalis los ua cov tshuaj rau qhov kev kho mob ib nrab ntawm cov mob qaug dab peg hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog dhau 12 xyoos, nws tau pom zoo kom pib nrog kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm 300 mg thiab maj mam nce nws rau 900 mg:

• Thawj hnub - 300 mg 1 lub sijhawm,
• Hnub ob - 300 mg 2 zaug,
• Hnub thib peb - ​​300 mg 3 zaug.

Nyob rau yav tom ntej, cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yuav raug nce siab. Qhov nruab nrab, nws tuaj yeem yog 900-1200 mg, qhov ntau tshaj koob tshuaj ib hnub yog 3600 mg, muab faib ua 3 koob sib luag nrog ib ncua sijhawm ntawm 8 teev. Qhov sij hawm ntau ntawm cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 12 teev (kom tsis txhob rov pib dua ntawm qhov mob chua leeg).

Hauv kev kho mob neuropathic mob rau cov neeg laus, Convalis yog rau thawj hnub ntawm koob tshuaj 300 mg, hnub thib ob - 600 mg (300 mg 2 zaug), nyob rau hnub thib peb - ​​900 mg (300 mg 3 zaug). Yog tias muaj mob hnyav, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem kho nyob rau thawj hnub peb zaug hauv 300 mg. Nyob ntawm qhov siv tau los ntawm cov tshuaj, cov koob tshuaj tuaj yeem hloov zuj zus, tab sis tsis siab tshaj 3600 mg / hnub.

Kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub hauv qab no yog kho rau cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, nyob ntawm creatinine tshem tawm (QC):

• KK 50-79 ml / min - 600-1800 mg,
• KK 30-49 ml / min - 300-900 mg,
• KK 15-29 ml / min - 300-600 mg,
• CC tsawg dua 15 ml / min - 300 mg (txhua hnub lossis txhua lwm hnub).

Thawj koob tshuaj 300 mg pom zoo rau cov neeg mob tshuaj mob hemodialysis, ib qho koob tshuaj 300 mg tom qab hemodialysis tau noj tom qab txhua lub sijhawm hemodialysis txuas ntxiv 4 teev. Hauv cov hnub thaum lim ntshav tsis ua, cov tshuaj tsis raug txwv.

Sab sij huam

Cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum kho mob neuropathic:

• Cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab (CNS): ua rau mob siab, tsis meej pem, ataxia, tsis hnov ​​qab, nkees nkees, tsaus muag, qaug zog, tshee tshee, xav tsis thoob,
• Lub plab zom mov: dyspepsia, raws plab, cem quav, xeev siab, flatulence, ntuav, qhov ncauj qhuav, mob plab,
• Kab mob ntsws: pharyngitis, dyspnea,
• Cov plab hnyuv siab raum: amblyopia,
• Kev sib xyaw: daim tawv nqaij ua pob,
• Lwm yam: mob khaub thuas xws li mob khaub thuas, kis kab mob, asthenic syndrome, mob taub hau, peripheral edema, mob ntawm ntau qhov chaw, nce phaus.

Hauv kev kho ib nrab ntawm qaug dab peg nrog Convalis, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem pom:

• Cov ntshav cov ntshav: leukopenia, purpura (feem ntau ua rau cov nqaij doog uas tshwm sim thaum hnov ​​mob ntawm lub cev),
• Kev mob plawv: txo qis lossis nce ntshav siab (BP), cov tsos mob ntawm vasodilation,
• Lub cev tsis muaj zog: paresthesia, ua kom nrov nrov, ua kom tsis muaj zog lossis tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog rov qab, ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm kev txav mus los, ntxhov siab, ataxia, amnesia, ua yeebyam, tsis meej pem, dysarthria, kev nyuaj siab, lability, tsaug zog, nystagmus, insomnia, tsis hnov ​​qab kev sib koom tes ntawm kev txav, kev ntxhov siab, ataxia, amnesia, ua yeeb ncuab, tsis meej pem, dysarthria, kev nyuaj siab, lability, tsaug zog, nystagmus, insomnia, tsis hnov ​​qab kev xav, mob leeg, fibrillation, kiv taub hau, tshee tshee. hyperkinesis
• Lub plab zom mov: dyspepsia, lub qhov ncauj qhuav lossis caj pas, pom zoo, xeev siab, ntuav, cem quav, mob caj pas, tsis nco qab, mob plab, nce siab, mob hniav,
• Cov leeg cev: myalgia, mob nraub qaum, mob pob txha caj qaum, nce pob txha khov,
• Kab mob ntsws: rhinitis, pharyngitis, hnoos, mob ntsws,
• Cov kab mob hauv lub cev thiab txuas ntxiv: mob txeeb zig, mob tsis muaj zog,
• Daim tawv nqaij: khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ua pob ntxau, ua paug, ua pob khaus tawv,
• Cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev: amblyopia, pom kev tsis hnov ​​lus, diplopia,
• Lwm yam: nkees, mob taub hau, kub cev, ntsej muag ntsej muag, asthenic syndrome, kis tus kab mob, nce phaus, tawm tsam ib ce.

Thaum sib piv cov kam rau ua ntawm Convalis ntawm koob tshuaj 300 thiab 3600 mg / hnub, ib qho kev noj tshuaj tsis txaus siab ntawm cov kev tshwm sim xws li tsaug zog, ataxia, kiv taub hau, nystagmus thiab paresthesia tau pom.

Hauv kev sau npe tom qab kev paub ntawm kev siv, muaj cov mob ntawm kev cia li tuag sai sai tsis paub txog kev mob gabapentin kho.

Thaum kho nrog cov tshuaj, cov teebmeem hauv qab no tsis tuaj yeem ua rau: mob raum tsis ua haujlwm, kev tsis haum tshuaj, mob siab rau lub siab thiab / lossis txiav, mob caj dab, nce ntxiv ntawm cov qog plab ntim, lub cev muaj zog (dystonia, dyskinesia, myoclonus), pom kev tsis meej, thrombocytopenia, palpitations, tsis meej tso zis, tinnitus.

Tom qab qhov kev tso tseg tsis meej ntawm kev kho, qhov teeb meem uas nquag pom tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws xws li: xeev siab, pw tsis tsaug zog, mob ntawm ntau thaj chaw, ntxhov siab, tawm hws.

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no lossis lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob.

Nrog kev noj haus ntau dhau ntawm Convalis, raws plab, hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg, kev tso cai, kiv taub hau, dysarthria, tsaus muag tau pom. Thaum lub sijhawm sim rau hauv cov nas thiab nas, qhov ua kom tuag ntawm gabapentin, noj ntawm qhov ncauj, yog ib koob ntawm 8000 mg / kg. Cov tsos mob ntawm kev mob lom sai hauv cov tsiaj tau qhia hauv ataxia, ua pa luv, ptosis, hypoactivity lossis ntxhov siab.

Kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau yog mob mob, kev kho cov mob hemodialysis rau cov neeg mob raum tsis ua haujlwm loj.

Kev Sib Sau thiab daim ntawv ntawm kev tso tawm

Cov chaw kho mob thiab chaw muag tshuaj: tshuaj anticonvulsant.

Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw gabapentin zoo ib yam hauv cov qauv rau neurotransmitter GABA, tab sis txawv ntawm nws hauv nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, tsis muaj GABAergic cov khoom ntiag tug, thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism thiab kev coj los ntawm GABA. Cov tshuaj muaj cov nyhuv anticonvulsant zoo thiab ua kom pom cov cuab yeej geroprotective, ua kom lub cev muaj peev xwm hloov tau.

Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daj gelatin tsiav tshuaj. Sab hauv yog hmoov (dawb). Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog gabapentin hauv qhov ntau npaum 300 mg.

Vim li cas cov Convalis raug txib?

Raws li tau qhia hauv cov lus qhia rau Convalis, qhov tshuaj anticonvulsant no tau muab tshuaj kho rau:

• nrog qaug dab peg rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus txij li 12 xyoo los ua ib feem ntawm kev kho mob kom zoo lossis ua ib qho cuab yeej ywj pheej,
• rau kev kho mob ntawm mob neuropathic,
• nrog qaug dab peg qaug dab peg nrog cov dav dav dav.

Pharmacological kev txiav txim

Cov tshuaj nquag siv ntawm Convalis muaj cov nyhuv anticonvulsant. Tsis tas li ntawd, Konvalis, raws li cov lus qhia, muaj cov txiaj ntsig geroprotective, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov peev txheej yoog raws. Cov tshuaj muaj cov nyhuv analgesic muaj txiaj ntsig thaum muaj mob polyneuropathies, thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua lwm cov tshuaj nrog cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws ntawm kev coj ua yog kev nyab xeeb txheeb ze.

Cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntawm kev siv gabapentin rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv thaum cev xeeb tub yog tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau leej niam tsis dhau txoj kev pheej hmoo rau tus me nyuam hauv plab.

Cov tshuaj mus rau leej niam cov kua mis, qhov cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam thaum lub sijhawm pub niam mis tseem tsis paub meej, yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm pub niam mis, cov tshuaj yuav tsum siv xwb yog tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau leej niam los ntawm kev noj tshuaj kom meej meej tshaj qhov muaj feem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus menyuam.

Cov txheej txheem (i.e., cov tshuaj nquag) cov qauv ntawm cov Convalis yog Gabagamma, Gapentek, Gabapentin, Katena, Lepsitin, Neurontin, Tebantin, Egipentin, Eplirintin.

Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm CONVALIS hauv cov khw muag tshuaj (Moscow) yog 450 rubles.

Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Nrog rau kev siv convitant nrog Convalis nrog rau qee cov tshuaj, cov teebmeem hauv qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim (AUC - tag nrho kev nkag siab ntawm ib yam khoom hauv ntshav ntshav, C_max - kev siv tshuaj ntau hauv cov ntshav):

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nrog rau txhuas lossis magnesium: txo qis kev noj qab haus huv ntawm gabapentin (qhov luv ntawm tsawg kawg 2 teev ntawm koob tshuaj yuav tsum pom),,
• Morphine (thaum noj morphine 2 teev ua ntej noj Convalis): kev nce ntxiv hauv nruab nrab AUC ntawm gabapentin los ntawm 44% (piv nrog monotherapy nrog gabapentin),
• Cimetidine: me ntsis hauv lub raum ua haujlwm ntawm gabapentin,
• Ethanol thiab tshuaj yeeb yam ua rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb: nce phiv los ntawm gabapentin los ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab hauv lub paj hlwb,
• Naproxen: nce nqus ntawm gabapentin,
• Hydrocodone: nce AUC ntawm gabapentin thiab txo AUC thiab C_max hydroxyone.

Convalis analogues yog: Algerica, Gerolamic, Lamictal, Normeg, Lamitril, Latrigil, Topiramin, levetiracetam, Levitsit, Lyric, Epimil, Topilex, Neogabin, Topamax, Topilepsin, Epileptal, Epiramat, Epitrigin, Wimpatin, Lampatin, Lampatin, Cim Gabagamma, Gabantin, Grimodin, Neuralgin, Tebantin, Gabalept, Gabapentin, Gabalept, Meditan, Newropentin, Neurontin, Catena.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ib 1 tshuaj ntsiav:

yam tshuaj: gabapentin - 300.0 mg
tus zam: lactose monohydrate - 66.0 mg, pregelatinized pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab - 30.0 mg, talc - 3.0 mg, magnesium stearate - 1.0 mg.
Qhov loj ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav yog 400.0 mg.
Tshuaj ntsiav plhaub muaj pes tsawg leeg
Hard gelatin tsiav tshuaj No. 0 - 96.0 mg.
Tsev nyob thiab npog: titanium dioxide (E 171) - 2.0000%, hlau zas hlau oxide daj (E 172) - 0.6286%, gelatin - txog li 100%.
Qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav nrog cov txheem yog 496.0 mg.

Cov tshuaj pab pawg kho mob: cov tshuaj antiepileptic.

ATX Cov Cai: N03AX12.

Cov chaw muag tshuaj

Cov Tshuaj Hauv Tshuaj
Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm gabapentin zoo ib yam li cov qauv ntawm GABA neurotransmitter (gamma-aminobutyric acid), tab sis nws cov kev ua haujlwm txawv ntawm lwm yam tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog GABA synapses, xws li valproates, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, GABA transaminase inhibitors, GABA reuptake agitors, GABA reuptake agitors GABA prodrugs. Hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro Nrog rau cov ntawv xov xwm radioisotope gabapentin, cov chaw tshiab ntawm cov nqaij txuas protein tau pom nyob hauv cov nas hlwb, suav nrog hauv neocortex thiab hippocampus, uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv anticonvulsant thiab analgesic ntawm gabapentin thiab nws cov derivatives. Nws tau pom tias qhov chaw sib khi ntawm gabapentin yog α-2-δ (alpha-2-raws) subunit ntawm voltage-gated calcium channels.
Hauv cov chaw kuaj mob uas tseem ceeb, gabapentin tsis khi rau lwm cov kev txais tshuaj thiab cov neurotransmitters hauv lub hlwb, suav nrog GABA_AGABA_Hauv, benzodiazepine, glutamate, glycine thiab N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Gabapentin nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob hauv vitro tsis cuam tshuam nrog sodium channel, uas qhov txawv nws los ntawm phenytoin thiab carbamazepine. Hauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv xeem hauv vitro kev siv gabapentin ua rau muaj qee qhov txo qis hauv cov lus teb rau glutamate agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj 100 μmol / L, uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li hauv vivo. Hauv cov xwm txheej hauv vitro kev siv cov gabapentin ua rau txo qis me ntsis hauv kev tso tawm ntawm monoamine neurotransmitters.
Qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm gabapentin yog tsis paub.

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics
Xuas
Tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov ncauj, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm gabapentin hauv cov ntshav ntshav tau tiav hauv 2-3 teev. Lub bioavailability ntawm gabapentin zoo li txo qis dua nrog cov koob tshuaj nce ntxiv. Qhov tiag tiag bioavailability thaum noj 300 mg tsiav tshuaj yog kwv yees li 60%. Cov zaub mov noj, suav nrog cov uas muaj cov rog ntau, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj hauv lub chaw muag tshuaj ntawm gabapentin.
Lub pharmacokinetics ntawm gabapentin tsis hloov nrog rov ua dua ntawm cov tshuaj.
Kev xa Khoom
Gabapentin tsis khi rau cov plasma protein, thiab nws qhov kev faib tawm yog 57.7 litres. Hauv cov neeg mob uas qaug dab peg, qhov gabapentin nyob rau hauv cov kua hlwb cerebrospinal (CSF) yog kwv yees li 20% ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog qhov sib luag ntawm ntshav ntshav. Gabapentin ua tawm hauv niam cov kua mis.
Biotransformation
Tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov metabolism ntawm gabapentin hauv tib neeg lub cev. Gabapentin tsis ntxias cov induction ntawm tsis yog tshwj xeeb daim siab oxidases lub luag haujlwm rau cov tshuaj metabolism.
Chaw Sau Ntawv
Gabapentin yog raug hloov pauv yam tsis txawv txav los ntawm lub raum kev ua haujlwm. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm gabapentin yog ywj siab ntawm cov koob tshuaj uas tau siv thiab qhov nruab nrab li 5 txog 7 teev.
Hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, gabapentin tshem tawm los ntawm cov ntshav ntshav yog txo. Txoj kev tshem tawm tas mus li, ntshav ntxuav thiab lub raum tshem ntawm gabapentin yog ncaj qha rau cov creatinine tshem tawm.
Gabapentin tshem tawm los ntawm cov ntshav ntshav thaum mob hemodialysis. Cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm lossis cov neeg mob hemodialysis tau hais qhia kom hloov cov tshuaj (saib Ntu "Kev Noj Tshuaj thiab Txoj Cai Tswj Xyuas").
Linearity / nonlinearity tsis haum ntawm pharmacokinetics
Lub bioavailability ntawm gabapentin txo qis nrog cov koob tshuaj nce ntxiv, uas nkag rau qhov tsis-linearity ntawm pharmacokinetic tsis, uas suav nrog bioavailability Performance index (F), piv txwv li, Ae%, CL / F, Vd / F. Tshem tawm cov chaw muag tshuaj (tsis txwv tsis suav nrog F, xws li CLr thiab T_1/2) zoo dua piav los ntawm ib tug qauv linear. Kev sib luag plasma sib luag ntawm gabapentin yog kev kwv yees raws kinetics cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib koob tshuaj.

Siv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab thaum pub niam mis

Qhov kev pheej hmoo dav dav vim yog qaug dab peg thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj menyuam muaj lub cev tsis xws luag hauv niam uas tau kho nrog anticonvulsants rau kev mob vwm nce ntxiv 2-3 zaug. Feem ntau feem ntau muaj qhov meej meej ntawm sab sauv thiab sab hauv qab, daim ntawv tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv thiab cov leeg tsis zoo. Ntxiv mus, noj ntau cov tshuaj anticonvulsants tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm kev tsim muaj cov tsis xws luag ntau dua li ntawm kev kho mob monotherapy. Yog li ntawd, yog tias ua tau, ib qho ntawm anticonvulsants yuav tsum tau siv. Cov poj niam ntawm lub hnub nyoog yug menyuam, zoo li txhua tus pojniam uas cev xeeb tub, yuav tsum sab laj tus kws tshaj lij. Yog tias tus poj niam tab tom npaj lub cev xeeb tub, qhov yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj anticonvulsant yuav tsum rov ntsuas dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, anticonvulsants yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshem tawm sai sai, vim tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau rov ua dua ntawm qhov chua leeg nrog qhov cuam tshuam loj rau tus niam thiab tus menyuam. Muaj qee zaus, hauv cov menyuam yaus uas lawv niam muaj kev mob vwm, kev loj hlob qeeb tau pom. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qhov kev txhim kho kev loj hlob yog cuam tshuam nrog kev mob caj ces lossis kev sib raug zoo, niam kev muaj mob, lossis kev kho mob anticonvulsant.

Kev pheej hmoo Gabapentin
Tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev siv tshuaj nyob hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Hauv kev sim tsiaj, cov tshuaj muaj kuab lom rau lub cev hauv plab tau pom. Txog ntawm kev pheej hmoo pheej hmoo, neeg tsis muaj ntaub ntawv. Yog li, gabapentin yuav tsum tau siv thaum cev xeeb tub tsuas yog hais tias lub hom phiaj tau txais txiaj ntsig rau leej niam ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tus me nyuam hauv plab.
Hauv cov xwm txheej tau tshaj tawm, nws tsis muaj peev xwm hais tau qhov tseeb tias seb puas yuav tsum tau siv gabapentin thaum cev xeeb tub los nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis zoo, ua ntej, vim tias muaj tus mob epilepsy nws tus kheej, thiab qhov thib ob, vim yog siv lwm cov tshuaj anticonvulsants Cov.
Kev pub niam mis
Gabapentin raug tso tawm hauv cov kua mis, nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus menyuam tsis paub meej, yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm pub mis niam Convalis be yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tsuas yog tias cov txiaj ntsig rau leej niam kom meej meej tshaj qhov txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj tsis tau pom qhov cuam tshuam ntawm gabapentin ntawm kev muaj me nyuam.

Tsuas tshuaj thiab tswj hwm

Convalis ® tau hais kom noj ntawm qhov ncauj tsis hais txog kev noj zaub mov. Yog tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txo cov koob tshuaj, ncua tseg cov tshuaj lossis hloov nrog lwm tus neeg sawv cev, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua maj mam dhau ib ntus ntawm tsawg kawg ib asthiv.
Neuropathic mob rau cov neeg laus
Thawj koob tshuaj yog 900 mg / hnub hauv peb faib peb zaug, yog tias tsim nyog, nyob ntawm cov nyhuv, qhov koob tshuaj yog maj mam nce mus txog qhov ntau yog 3600 mg / hnub. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem pib tam sim ntawd nrog koob tshuaj 900 mg / hnub (300 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub) lossis koob tshuaj yuav raug nce ntau zog mus rau 900 mg rau ib hnub rau thawj 3 hnub raws li cov qauv hauv qab no:
Hnub 1: 300 mg ntawm lub tshuaj 1 zaug hauv ib hnub,
Thib 2: 300 mg ntawm lub tshuaj 2 zaug hauv ib hnub,
Hnub 3: 300 mg ntawm cov tshuaj 3 zaug ib hnub.
Ib nrab ntswj
Nrog mob vwm, kev kho mob ntev yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua. Cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob mus kawm nyob ntawm tus tib neeg lub siab ntev thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj.
Cov neeg loj thiab menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 12 xyoos tshaj: siv tau koob tshuaj - los ntawm 900 txog 3600 mg / hnub. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem pib nrog ib koob tshuaj 300 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub nyob rau thawj hnub lossis maj mam nce mus txog 900 mg raws li cov txheej txheem piav qhia saum toj no (saib ntu lus "Neuropathic mob hauv cov neeg laus"). Tom qab, qhov koob tshuaj tuaj yeem nce ntxiv txog qhov ntau yog 3600 mg / hnub (muab faib ua 3 koob tshuaj sib npaug). Kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm cov tshuaj hauv koob tshuaj txog li 4800 mg / hnub tau sau tseg. Qhov sij hawm ntau ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov koob tshuaj nrog triple koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 12 teev nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob rov pib dua ntawm kev chua leeg.
Cov neeg mob hnyav
Hauv cov neeg mob uas mob nyhav, piv txwv, txo qhov hnyav hauv lub cev, tom qab hloov khoom nruab nrog, thiab lwm yam, cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau nce qeeb dua, txawm tias siv qis dua lossis siv sijhawm ntev dua ua ntej nce qhov kev noj tshuaj.
Siv rau cov neeg mob laus (hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos)
Vim lub hnub nyoog qis dua rau kev ua haujlwm hauv lub raum, cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj (kom paub ntau ntxiv, saib Cov Lus 1). Yuav nkees nkees, ua kom yuag thiab ua pa mus rau cov neeg laus dua yuav muaj ntau.
Koob xaiv rau lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm
Rau cov neeg mob raum tsis ua haujlwm, koob tshuaj txo gabapentin raug pom zoo raws li cov lus 1:

A - koob tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tau muab sau cia hauv peb koob,
B - xaiv 300 mg txhua txhua lwm hnub,
B - hauv cov neeg mob nrog creatinine ® tshem tawm. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov protein nyob hauv cov zis, nws raug nquahu kom siv ntau txoj hauv kev los nag nrog sulfosalicylic acid.
CNS nyhuv
Thaum kho gabapentin, muaj cov neeg mob tob hau thiab tsaug zog, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij txog qhov muaj mob (yog tias poob). Hauv lub sijhawm tom qab sau npe, muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, tsis nco qab thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Yog li, cov neeg mob yuav tsum raug qhia kom ua kev tawm dag zog kom txog thaum lawv paub txog qhov yuav tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Nrog rau kev siv ib txhij nrog opioid analgesics, kev nce siab ntawm gabapentin nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav kuj yuav raug sau tseg. Hauv kev hais txog qhov no, tus neeg mob xav tau kev saib xyuas kom zoo rau kev txhim kho cov paib ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev nyuaj siab lub cev, xws li tsaug zog, ua tsis haum thiab ua pa nyuaj siab. Cov koob tshuaj gabapentin lossis opioid analgesics yuav tsum tau txo qis.
Co-administration nrog antacids
Gabapentin raug pom zoo kom noj li ntawm 2 teev tom qab noj tshuaj antacid.

Muaj feem xyuam rau kev muaj peev xwm tsav tsheb thiab cov txheej txheem

Thaum noj cov tshuaj, cov neeg mob tsis pom zoo kom tsav tsheb los yog siv cov cuab yeej ua muaj kev phom sij kom txog thaum tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm no.
Gabapentin cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kiv taub hau, tsaug zog, tsis meej pem, tsis nco qab, lossis lwm yam tsos mob ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Txawm hais tias muaj mob me lossis mob hnyav, cov kev tsis tsim nyog no tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij rau cov neeg mob tsav tsheb lossis lwm yam txheej txheem. Qhov tshwm sim no muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho lossis tom qab nce qhov koob tshuaj gabapentin.