Yuav ua li cas thiaj suav cov qhob cij hauv hom 1 thiab ntshav qab zib hom 2

Rau txhua tus neeg, kev kho mob ntshav qab zib pib nrog kev sib tham nrog tus kws kho mob, thaum tus kws kho mob qhia meej txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob thiab pom zoo kom noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb rau tus neeg mob.

Yog tias xav tau kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj insulin, tom qab ntawd nws cov koob tshuaj thiab kev coj noj coj ua sib tham tau sib tham. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho mob yog feem ntau niaj hnub kawm txog cov naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij, nrog rau kev tswj ntshav qab zib.

Yuav kom ua tau raws li cov cai ntawm kev kho mob, koj yuav tsum paub txog kev xam CN, ntau npaum li cas cov tais diav los ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj carbohydrate kom noj. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias nyob ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov zaub mov zoo li no hauv cov piam thaj hauv ntshav ntxiv tom qab 15 feeb. Qee cov carbohydrates nce qhov ntsuas no tom qab 30-40 feeb.

Qhov no yog vim tus nqi ntawm assimilation ntawm cov khoom noj uas tau nkag mus hauv tib neeg lub cev. Nws yooj yim kawm “ceev” thiab “qeeb” carbohydrates. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom kawm paub txog kev laij koj tus lej txhua hnub li cas, muab cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom thiab qhov muaj qhov ua puas tsuaj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv lawv. Txhawm rau ua txoj haujlwm no, lo lus tau tsim nyob hauv lub npe "chav tsev mov ci".

Lo lus no tau txiav txim siab tseem ceeb hauv kev muab glycemic tswj nyob rau hauv ib qho kab mob xws li mob ntshav qab zib. Yog tias cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib xav txog XE, qhov no ua kom qhov txheej txheem ntawm kev them nyiaj rau cov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom noj uas yog hom carbohydrate pauv. Tus lej uas raug them nyiaj lawm yuav raug tso tseg kev kho mob cuam tshuam nrog cov qis qis.

Yog tias peb xav txog ib chav ua mov ci, ces nws sib npaug nrog 12 gram carbohydrates. Piv txwv li, ib qho mov ci txhuv nyhav kwv yees li 15 gram. Qhov no raug rau ib qho XE. Hloov cov lus "chav ua mov ci" rau qee kis, lub ntsiab lus ntawm "chav tsev carbohydrate", uas yog 10-12 g ntawm carbohydrates nrog rau cov khoom noj tau yooj yim, yog siv.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nrog qee cov khoom lag luam uas muaj qhov sib faib me me ntawm kev zom zaub mov carbohydrates. Feem ntau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yog cov khoom noj uas zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem tsis suav cov khob cij. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv cov nplai lossis sab laj lub rooj tshwj xeeb.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub laij lej tshwj xeeb tau tsim uas tso cai rau koj kom suav cov khob cij kom haum thaum qhov xwm txheej xav tau. Ua raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg lub cev hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, qhov sib piv ntawm cov tshuaj insulin thiab kev nqus ntawm carbohydrates tuaj yeem sib txawv.

Yog hais tias kev noj haus suav nrog 300 grams ntawm carbohydrates, ces tus nqi no sib raug rau 25 khob cij. Thaum xub thawj, tsis yog txhua tus mob ntshav qab zib tswj kom loog XE. Tab sis nrog kev xyaum tas mus li, ib tus neeg tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv yuav tuaj yeem "ntawm qhov muag" txiav txim siab seb muaj pes tsawg chav nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom lag luam.

Ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm, qhov kev ntsuas yuav dhau los ua kev txiav txim siab tau.

Lub khob cij qhob cij yog ib qho ntsuas siv los txiav txim siab ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov. Lub tswv yim nthuav tawm tau qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas tau txais insulin los khaws lawv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tham txog cov qhob cij qhob cij, xyuam xim rau qhov tseeb tias:

qhov no yog lub cim uas tuaj yeem coj los ua lub hauv paus rau kev ua kom txawm tias los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo,
muaj ib lub rooj tshwj xeeb hauv qhov uas cov ntsuas no tau qhia rau ntau yam khoom noj thiab tag nrho cov khoom noj,
Xam txog cov qhob cij tuaj yeem ua thiab yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav ua ntej noj mov.

Xav txog ib qho qhob cij qhob cij, them sai sai rau qhov tseeb tias nws yog sib npaug rau 10 (tsis suav cov khoom noj muaj fiber) lossis 12 grams. (suav nrog cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov khoom xyaw).

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum muaj 1.4 pawg ntawm cov insulin rau txoj kev ceev thiab tsis muaj teebmeem ntawm lub cev. Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias cov khob cij ua noj (cov lus) cov laj mej pej xeem muaj, txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum paub tias yuav ua li cas cov lus teb suav, thiab ntau npaum li cas muaj cov carbohydrates hauv ib lub khob cij.

Conventionally, XE yog qhov sib npaug ntawm 12 grams ntawm cov zom zaub mov (lossis 15 grams, yog tias muaj kev noj haus muaj fiber ntau - txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav). Ntau heev nyob rau hauv kwv yees li 25 grams ntawm qhob cij dawb dawb.

Vim li cas tus nqi no tseem ceeb? Nrog nws cov kev pab, qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj insulin raug suav.

Piv txwv: nrog ntshav qab zib hom 1 (uas yog, thaum insulin tsis tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev tag nrho), txog 4 ntu ntawm insulin yuav xav tau rau kev nqus ntawm 1 XE (nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm tus neeg mob). Ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, los ntawm 1 txog 4 units.

Tsis tas li, kev teev npe rau cov qhob cij pub rau koj npaj txoj kev noj haus "zoo" rau ntshav qab zib. Raws li koj paub, tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau qhia kom ua raws li kev noj haus thiab zaub mov noj yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 5 ib hnub, tab sis hauv feem me me.

Hauv qhov no, kev coj ua txhua hnub rau XE yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20 XE. Tab sis tom qab ntawd dua - tsis muaj ib qho qauv siv thoob ntiaj teb uas tuaj yeem suav qhov tseeb txhua hnub ntawm tus nqi XE rau ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog kom cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav kom txog li 3-6 mmol / l, uas sib raug rau qhov ntsuas ntawm cov laus. Nrog rau cov khoom noj muaj roj tsawg, XE cov cai feem ntau txo qis rau 2 - 2.5 lub khob cij ib hnub.

Cov khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob tsim nyog (tus kws kho mob endocrinologist, qee zaum tus kws qhia noj haus).

Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab noj zaub mov zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib

Muaj cov pab pawg sib cais ntawm cov khoom uas tsis tsuas yog tsis ua mob rau lub cev nrog ntshav qab zib, tab sis kuj pab nws hauv kev tswj cov tshuaj insulin nyob rau hauv theem kom zoo.

Ib ntawm cov pab pawg muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau cov ntshav qab zib yog cov khoom noj siv mis. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws - nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj rog, yog li yuav tsum muab cov mis nyuj cais tawm ntawm cov zaub mov noj.

Thiab pab pawg thib ob suav nrog cov khoom tsim khoom lag luam. Txij li thaum lawv muaj ntau cov carbohydrates, nws tsim nyog suav lawv XE. Ntau yam zaub, txiv ntoo thiab ntau yam ntxiv puav leej muaj lub txiaj ntsig zoo.

Lawv txo txoj kev pheej hmoo mob ntshav qab zib muaj teeb meem. Raws li rau zaub, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv nyob rau hauv uas tsawg kawg cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab qis glycemic index.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias kev noj haus rau ntshav qab zib yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob. Ntxiv mus, qhov mob tseem ceeb no yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam rau txhua yam ntshav qab zib, tsis hais hnub nyoog, hnyav, poj niam txiv neej thiab qib kev ua si ntawm ib tug neeg.

Ib qho ntxiv yog cov khoom noj rau txhua tus yuav yog tus neeg ntshiab thiab tus neeg nws tus kheej yuav tsum tswj hwm qhov xwm txheej nrog nws cov zaub mov noj, tsis yog kws kho mob lossis lwm tus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias ib tus neeg lub luag haujlwm rau nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog nyob ntawm nws tus kheej.

Nws pab tswj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig thiab, raws li nws, laij cov feem xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj insulin luv luv rau txhua qhov kev qhia, kev xam ntawm cov khob cij. XE yog ib chav tsev sib txig uas tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus German thiab siv los kwv yees cov nyiaj carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov.

Nws ntseeg tias ib qho XE yog 10-12 grams ntawm carbohydrates. Yuav nqus 1 XE, 1.4 chav nyob yuav tsum.

Vim li cas thiaj suav cov qhob cij hauv cov ntshav qab zib

Chav tsev qhob cij ntawm cov khoom txhais tau tias muaj pes tsawg carbohydrates hauv nws thiab pab txhawm rau ntsuas cov koob tshuaj insulin rau tus neeg mob. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog hauv lub cev yog kev nqus ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrate. Cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov tsim nyog rau nws txoj kev nqus. Txij li thaum tus kheej cov tshuaj hormones tsis tsim los yog tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau nws, kev txhaj tshuaj yog tsim los. Lawv xav tau los ntawm txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj hom mob 1.

Nrog hom 2, kev siv tshuaj insulin yog siv thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tiav qhov xav tau nrog tshuaj noj (ntshav tso ntshav qab zib), kev xeeb tub, kev ua haujlwm, kev raug mob, kis mob.

Hauv cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo, lub plab zom mov "koom tes" hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov zaub mov; cov txiav txiav zais tsis muaj cov tshuaj insulin nyob rau hauv teb rau cov khoom noj carbohydrates. Ntawm cov mob ntshav qab zib, koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm los muab ib koob tshuaj hormone los ntawm kev ntsuas tus kheej. Chav ua khob cij, lossis sau luv luv XE, yog siv rau qhov yooj yim ntawm cov kev suav.

Txawm hais tias thaum xub thawj siab muag lub kaw lus tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab rau tus mob ntshav qab zib, tab sis feem ntau tom qab 1 lub lis piam, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem kho tau sai thiab txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb tsim nyog.

Thiab ntawm no yog hais ntau txog cov khoom noj muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2.

Suav cov carbohydrates hauv kev suav

Tag nrho cov carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov tau muab faib ua kom zom thiab "dhau mus". Qhov tom kawg yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom noj uas sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom noj muaj fiber. Cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau, pectin, guar nqus thiab tshem tawm txhua yam tsis tsim nyog, cov khoom lag luam hauv lub cev, tshaj cov roj cholesterol thiab qab zib, co toxins. Lawv tsis raug txiav txim siab thaum txiav txim siab qhov koob tshuaj insulin, vim lawv tsis nce ntshav qab zib.

Tsawg 40 g ntawm fiber ntau ib hnub yog qhov tseem ceeb. txhawm rau tswj cov metabolism hauv kev plhaw ib puag ncig thiab ntxuav lub cev, tiv thaiv atherosclerosis.

Tag nrho lwm cov carbohydrates yog digestible, tab sis raws li tus nqi ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav lawv tau muab faib ua sai thiab qeeb. Thawj zaug yog qab zib ntshiab, zib ntab, raisins, txiv quav ntswv nyoos, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog nrog qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav qab zib - lub xeev hypoglycemic.

Rau cov mob ntshav qab zib, maj mam zom cov zaub mov yuav tsum muaj - cereals, qhob cij, berries, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov khoom noj siv mis. Lawv raug txiav txim siab los ntawm cov qhob cij, ib qho yog 10 g ntawm carbohydrates ntshiab (piv txwv li, fructose) lossis 12 g thaum ua ke nrog fiber ntau (carrots, beets).

Yuav suav cov XE khoom lag luam li cas

Chav tsev no hu ua mov vim tias yog koj txiav cov lo lo ua tej thooj me (kwv yees li 25 g txhua), tom qab ntawv ib qho li no yuav nce qab zib los ntawm 2.2 mmol / l, txhawm rau siv koj yuav tsum nkag mus 1-1.4 chav nyob ntawm qhov npaj ua yeeb yam luv. Txoj cai no hais txog qhov nruab nrab qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj hormones yog txawv rau txhua tus, nws nyob ntawm:

muaj hnub nyoog
"Kev" Ntshav qab zib,
cov kev tawm tsam rau khoom noj thiab tshuaj,
lub sij hawm ntawm ib hnub.

Yog li, cov qauv tseem ceeb rau kev noj tshuaj kom raug yog qhov ntsuas cov ntshav qab zib 2 teev tom qab noj mov. Yog tias nws tseem nyob nrog qhov kev pom zoo, ces kev nce qib ntxiv tsis tas yuav tsum tau.

Cov ntxhuav tshwj xeeb pab laij cov nqi XE. Lawv qhia qhov nyhav ntawm qhov khoom, uas yog sib npaug rau 1 XE.

Khoom lossis tais diav

Qhov hnyav lossis kwv yees hnyav li 1 XE

Qaub mis haus, mis

Syrnik

Quav

Pancake

Khob cij yob

Noodle kua zaub

4 diav

Hmoov txhuv nplej siab, nqaij to (nqaij nyoos)

1 tablespoon

Tsho tsawv qos

Mashed qos yaj ywm

3 khoom noj rau khoom qab zib

Cov nplej zom qhuav

3 khoom noj rau khoom qab zib

Lentils, Taum, Chickpeas, Peas

Walnuts, Hazelnuts, Txiv Laum Huab Xeeb

Txiv tsawb, txiv moj coos, plum, lws suav, txiv duaj

Txiv pos nphuab, currants, blueberries

Carrot, taub dag

Beetroot

Ntawv Hlais

Nqaij tawv

Kua kua txiv

Kev noj pizza

Hamburger

Thaum muas cov khoom lag luam hauv khw muag khoom, lawv tau coj los ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj carbohydrates hauv lawv. Piv txwv li, 100 g muaj 60 g. Qhov no txhais tau tias ib feem hnyav 100 g yog 5 (60:12) XE.

Lub khob cij qhiav li cas rau cov ntshav qab zib

Thaum kos tawm cov zaub mov noj, cov cai hauv qab no raug coj mus rau hauv tus account:

18-22 XE ib hnub yog qhov yuav tsum tau nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm lub cev, nrog kev rog nws tsis pom zoo kom ntau dua 8 XE, nrog kev ua neej nyob sedentary thiab nce phaus - 10 XE,
lub ntsiab pluas noj muaj 4-6 (tsis siab dua 7) thiab ob qho khoom noj txom ncauj ntawm 1-2 XE,
Thaum txhawb cov ntshav qab zib, cov chav dej ntawm insulin ntxiv rau ntxiv rau qhov raug suav, thiab thaum qis qis lawv tau txiav tawm.

Ib qho piv txwv: tus neeg mob raug pom zoo kom tswj cov ntshav ntshav hauv ib qib nce mus txog 6.3 mmol / L. Nws coj kev ntsuas 30 feeb ua ntej noj mov, thiab lub 'meter' pom 8.3 mmol / L. Noj su, 4 chav ua mov ci tau npaj ua. Qhov koob tshuaj ntawm lub cev yog: 1 chav tsev ua ntej ib txwm ntshav thiab 4 ntawm ib pluas noj, uas yog, nws txhaj 5 chav nyob ntawm luv luv insulin.

Txog thaum tav su, koj yuav tsum noj cov zaub mov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov khoom noj (carbohydrates), thiab thaum tsaus ntuj lawv qib yuav tsum tsawg dua, qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj hormone yog qis dua. Cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tau muab npauv thaum sawv ntxov thiab hauv qhov me dua tom qab noj hmo.

Feem ntau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib ntawm kev siv tshuaj insulin siv ob hom tshuaj noj - luv thiab ntev. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no hu ua kev siv zog, thiab nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo suav xam ntawm tus nqi XE thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom tsis suav qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus carbohydrates yooj yim thiab kom paub cov nyiaj ntau ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrate hauv kev noj zaub mov, kom tsis txhob ntau tshaj ib zaug ntawm tus nqi.

Cov lus pom zoo tseem ceeb rau kev tswj ntshav qab zib yog kom txo qis ntawm cov zaub mov tsis zoo, uas ua rau cov ntshav qab zib sai sai, cuam tshuam cov rog metabolism, muaj ntau cov kev tiv thaiv thiab dyes.Cov. Nws suav nrog cov khoom lag luam feem ntau ua tiav kev lag luam, suav nrog khoom qab zib rau cov ntshav qab zib.

Cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm "kev noj zaub mov pub dawb" (txawm tias qhov tseeb suav ntawm cov koob tshuaj hormones) feem ntau yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm vascular cov teeb meem ntau dua li cov neeg noj haus.

Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev qhia txog cov tshuaj insulin (hom 2, zais), kev siv cov rooj noj mov nrog cov khob cij tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv kev ua kom ntau tshaj qhov kev xav ntawm cov carbohydrates. Yog tias koj xaiv cov khoom lag luam tsuas yog nrog glycemic qis (ntsuas suab thaj nce siab), txo qis cov khoom noj carbohydrate rau 8-10 XE, tom qab no qhov no yuav pab kom poob phaus tsis hais txog qhov muaj tus kab mob thiab qhov mob hnyav npaum li cas.

Thiab ntawm no yog ntau txog kev tiv thaiv mob ntshav qab zib.

Chav nyob qhob cij xav tau los tswj cov nyiaj carbohydrates hauv zaub mov. Ib qho XE yog sib npaug rau 10-12 g thiab xav tau cov lus qhia ntawm ib chav ntawm insulin rau kev ua. Qhov kev xam yog ua ua ntej txhua pluas noj raws li cov ntxhuav tshwj xeeb, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 7 rau kev nkag ntawm cov zaub mov tseem ceeb. Nrog rau kev siv tshuaj insulin ntau dua ntxiv thiab hom thib ob ntawm kev mob nkeeg nrog rau kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tswj cov khoom noj txhua hnub kom tau txais cov khoom noj carbohydrates.

Yuav suav li cas

Ib lub khob cij muaj li ntawm 10-15 g ntawm carbohydrates lossis 25 g ntawm qhob cij. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib los soj ntsuam cov zaub mov noj kom tsawg - noj tsawg dua, cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Ib lub khob cij yuav nce cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav li ntawm 1.5-2 mmol / l, yog li ntawd, rau nws tawg, nws yuav tsum tau kwv yees li 1-4 ntu ntawm insulin. Qhov ua raws cai no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 mellitus. Paub txog kev noj cov nyiaj carbohydrates ntau, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem tso tshuaj insulin kom tsawg thiab zam kev cuam tshuam loj.

Ib qho hlais dub lossis dawb (tsis yog butter) ncuav yog 1 XE. Raws li ntau ntawm lawv nyob twj ywm tom qab ziab. Txawm hais tias cov naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij tsis pauv, nws tseem muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib kom noj cov khoom tawg, txawm hais tias lawv tseem muaj cov carbohydrates. Tib tus naj npawb ntawm XE muaj:

ib daim ntawm cov dib liab, txiv puv luj, txiv ntseej,
1 tus kab loj
1 Kua, txiv kab ntxwv, txiv duaj, persimmon,
ib nrab txiv kab ntxwv qaub lossis txiv tsawb,
1 tbsp. l siav lis siav
1 nrab txiv maj phaub qos
3 phom sij, apricots lossis plums,
3 cov carrots,
7 tbsp. l legumes
1 tbsp. l qab zib.

Suav cov naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij hauv cov txiv ntoo me me thiab txiv ntoo hauv qab no yooj yim rau nqa tawm, txhais ua cov ntim ntawm cov ntim. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog los thov cov khoom xyaw yam tsis muaj qhov swb. Yog li, 1 XE muaj ib lub ntim:

Cov txiv ntoo ua qab zib thiab maj txiv tuaj yeem ntsuas tus kheej. Piv txwv li, 1 XE rau 3-4 txiv hmab. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los ntsuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov qhob cij hauv cov dej haus los ntawm tsom iav. 1 XE muaj:

0.5 tbsp. kua txiv los yog lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib tsawg dua,
1/3 Txuj Ci. kua txiv txiv hmap
0.5 tbsp. tsaus npias
1 tbsp. lub teeb npias lossis kvass.

Nws ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los suav cov naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij hauv cov dej qab zib tsis qab, ntses thiab nqaij, vim tias lawv tsis muaj khoom xyaw roj. Qhov txawv yog pom nrog khoom qab zib. Lawv muaj tsuas yog carbohydrates, thiab yooj yim. Yog li, hauv 100 g feem ntawm cov mis nyuj khov muaj 2 lub khob cij. Thaum yuav khoom hauv khw muag khoom, kev suav ntawm XE rau hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus (thiab lub thib ob ib yam nkaus) yog nqa tawm raws li hauv qab no:

Nyeem cov ntawv ntawm daim ntawv lo rau ntawm ntu khoom noj khoom haus.
Pom qhov ntau ntawm cov carbohydrates hauv 100 g, nce nws los ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov khoom. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog ua rau kev suav nyob rau hauv ib chav ntsuas, i.e. phaus yuav tsum tau hloov pauv mus ua grams.Raws li qhov txiaj ntsig kev sib txuam, koj yuav tau txais cov naj npawb ntawm carbohydrates ib qhov khoom.
Ntxiv mus, qhov txiaj ntsig tau yuav tsum tau muab faib ua 10-15 g - qhov no yog qhov ntau ntawm carbohydrates hauv 1 XE. Piv txwv, 100/10 = 10 XE.

Muaj pes tsawg lub khob ua ib hnub noj

Qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub ntawm cov chav ua mov ci yog 30, tab sis muaj qee yam ua rau txo cov nyiaj no. Ib ntawm lawv yog kev ua neej, nrog rau qib ntawm kev ua kom lub cev. Tus neeg mob tsawg zog, cov mov me nws yuav tsum tau siv:

XE ib hnub

Tus neeg noj qab haus huv tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm metabolic thiab rog dhau. Kev tawm dag zog lub cev yog qhov zoo, nws muaj peev xwm koom nrog kev ua si kis las.

Noj qab haus huv cov neeg muaj lub cev ua ub no. Kev ua neej yuav tsum tsis ua kev pauj.

Ib tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 50 xyoos uas ib txwm mus ntsib cov kis las. Muaj qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim hauv lub cev: cov mob tshwm sim hauv lub cev tsis muaj kev rog dhau, qhov ntau dhau ntawm lub cev nyhav dhau los.

Ib tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoos. Cov neeg kawm ntawv qib siab yog tsawg. Lub cev qhov hnyav yog qhov qub lossis ua rog dhau ntawm 1 degree.

Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, rog ntawm 2 lossis 3 degrees.

Muaj ib qho kev vam khom rau cov khoom noj uas muaj carbohydrate thaum lub sijhawm nruab hnub. Cov txheej txheem txhua hnub tau muab faib ua ob peb pluas noj, txhua qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev txwv nruj ntawm cov khob cij hauv cov khoom lag luam. Feem ntau yog tseg rau thawj pluas noj. Nws tsis pom zoo kom haus ntau dua 7 XE ib zaug, txwv tsis pub cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav yuav nce siab. Cov naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij rau ib pluas noj:

Dab tsi tshwm sim hauv lub cev thaum noj carbohydrates

Txhua yam zaub mov noj los ntawm ib tus neeg tau ua tiav rau hauv macro thiab micro yam. Cov roj carbohydrates tau hloov ua cov piam thaj. Txoj kev no ntawm kev hloov cov khoom nyuaj mus rau hauv "cov me me" cov yeeb tshuaj yog tswj hwm los ntawm insulin.

Muaj qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov carbohydrates, ntshav qabzib thiab insulin. Carbohydrates nkag mus rau hauv lub cev tau ua tiav los ntawm cov kua txiv hauv cov hnyuv thiab nkag mus rau cov ntshav cov ntshav qabzib. Lub sijhawm no, ntawm "lub rooj vag" ntawm cov insulin-raws cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum, cov tshuaj hormones uas tswj cov kua nplaum nyob ntawm tus neeg zov. Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub zog tsim, thiab tuaj yeem muab tso rau tom qab hauv cov ntaub so ntswg adipose.

Hauv cov ntshav qab zib, lub cev xeeb ntxwv ntawm txoj kev no yog qhov tsis taus. Xws li cov tshuaj insulin tsis txaus, lossis lub hlwb ntawm lub hom phiaj kabmob (insulin-dependant) ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau nws. Hauv ob qho xwm txheej no, kev siv cov piam thaj tsis muaj peev xwm, thiab lub cev xav tau kev pab sab nraud. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov tshuaj insulin lossis hypoglycemic yog tswj hwm (nyob ntawm seb muaj ntshav qab zib hom)

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj tuaj, yog li kev noj zaub mov noj yog qhov tsim nyog raws li kev noj tshuaj.

Dab tsi qhia XE

Cov naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij muaj feem cuam tshuam ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov zaub mov noj yuav ua rau cov ntshav qabzib. Paub txog ntau npaum li cas mmol / l piam thaj concentration nce, koj tuaj yeem kho qhov tseeb ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov koob tshuaj xav tau.
Suav cov khob cij tso cai rau koj soj ntsuam yam khoom noj muaj nuj nqis.
XE yog qhov zoo ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas, uas tso cai rau koj los sib piv cov zaub mov sib txawv. Lo lus nug rau cov qhob cij twg teb: hauv kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm qee yam khoom yuav muaj raws nraim 12 g ntawm carbohydrates?

Yog li, muab cov khob cij qhob cij, nws yooj yim dua rau ua raws li kev qhia noj zaub mov noj ntshav qab zib hom 2.

Yuav siv XE li cas?

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov koog qhob cij hauv ntau cov khoom lag luam tau kaw hauv lub rooj. Nws cov qauv zoo li qhov no: hauv ib kem yog cov npe ntawm cov khoom, thiab lwm qhov - muaj pes tsawg grams ntawm cov khoom no suav rau 1 XE. Piv txwv li, 2 dia ntawm cov zaub mov uas nquag muaj tshaj plaws (buckwheat, mov thiab lwm tus) muaj 1 XE.

Lwm qhov piv txwv yog txiv pos nphuab. Yuav kom tau txais 1 XE, koj yuav tsum noj txog 10 txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv nruab nrab cov txiv pos nphuab. Rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, cov lus feem ntau qhia cov ntau ntau hauv cov ntawv.

Lwm qhov piv txwv nrog cov khoom tiav.

100 g ntawm ncuav qab zib "Jubilee" muaj 66 g ntawm carbohydrates. Ib qho khoom qab zib hnyav 12,5 g. Yog li, hauv ib qho khoom qab zib yuav muaj 12,5 * 66/100 = 8.25 g ntawm carbohydrates. Qhov no yog tsawg dua li 1 XE (12 g ntawm carbohydrates).

Kev siv tus nqi

Yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam khob cij koj yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau ntawm ib pluas noj thiab rau tag nrho lub hnub nws nyob ntawm hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, hnyav thiab kev ua si.

Nws raug pom zoo kom koj suav koj cov zaub mov kom nws muaj li ntawm 5 XE. Qee qhov qauv ntawm cov khob cij ib hnub rau cov neeg laus:

Cov neeg uas muaj BMI ib txwm (lub cev ua rau lub cev hnyav) nrog sedentary ua haujlwm thiab lub neej sedentary - nce txog 15-18 XE.
Cov neeg uas muaj BMI ib txwm ntawm kev tshaj lij uas xav tau kev tawm dag zog lub cev - txog 30 XE.
Kev rog tus neeg rog thiab rog dhau los ntawm lub cev qis - mus txog 10-12 XE.
Cov tib neeg muaj lub cev nyhav thiab lub cev ua haujlwm ntau - nce txog 25 XE.

Rau cov menyuam yaus, nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog, nws raug nquahu kom siv:

hauv 1-3 xyoos - 10-11 XE ib hnub,
4-6 xyoos - 12-13 XE,
7-10 xyoo - 15-16 XE,
11-14 xyoos - 16-20 XE,
15-18 xyoo - 18-21 XE.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tub yuav tsum tau txais ntau dua li cov ntxhais. Tom qab 18 xyoo, kev xam yog ua raws li tus nqi ntawm cov neeg laus.

Muab xam los ntawm cov insulin

Kev noj los ntawm chav ua mov cij tsis yog ib qho kev xam ntawm cov khoom noj xwb. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los laij cov lej ntawm cov tshuaj insulin rau kev tswj hwm.

Tom qab ib pluas noj muaj 1 XE, ntshav qab zib nce siab txog li 2 mmol / L (saib saum toj no). Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov piam thaj xav tau 1 ntu ntawm insulin. Qhov no txhais tau tias ua ntej noj mov, koj yuav tsum xam seb muaj pes tsawg lub khob cij nyob hauv, thiab nkag mus ua cov tshuaj insulin ntau npaum li cas.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam yooj yim. Nws raug nquahu kom ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib. Yog tias kuaj pom hyperglycemia (> 5.5), tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau ntau dua, thiab rov qab - nrog hypoglycemia, yuav tsum muaj insulin tsawg dua.

Ua ntej noj hmo, uas muaj 5 XE, ib tus neeg muaj hyperglycemia - ntshav qab zib ntawm 7 mmol / L. Txhawm rau txo cov piam thaj rau cov txiaj ntsig ib txwm, koj yuav tsum nqa 1 tshuaj insulin. Tsis tas li ntawd, tseem tshuav 5 XE uas tuaj nrog zaub mov noj. Lawv yog "neutralized" 5 units ntawm cov insulin. Yog li, ib tus neeg yuav tsum nkag ua ntej noj su 6 chav.

Tus nqi rooj

Cov chav ntim qhob cij rau cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov ntshav qab zib:

Khoom	Tus nqi uas muaj 1 XE
Rye qhob cij	1 daim (20 g)
Cov khob cij dawb	1 daim (20 g)
Cereals

(buckwheat, mov, hlaws barley, oat, thiab lwm yam)

hau30 g lossis 2 tbsp. khoom siv diav Pob kwsPob ntseg Qos1 tuber (nruab nrab loj) Tsawb½ daim Melon1 daim Txiv Pos Nphuab10-15 pcs Txiv duaj20 Pcs Txiv duaj15 Pcs Txiv kab ntxwv1 pc Kua1 pc Txiv hmap10 Pcs Qab zib10 g (1 daim lossis 1 tbsp.spoon yam tsis muaj qhov swb) Kvass1 tbsp Cov mis, kefir1 tbsp Carrots200 g Txiv lws suav2-3 pcs

Muaj ntau cov zaub (zaub qhwv, zaub qhwv) muaj cov zaub mov uas tsawg kawg ntawm carbohydrate, yog li koj tsis tas yuav suav nrog lawv hauv XE xam.

Suav cov ncuav qab zib hauv cov ntshav qab zib tsis yog qhov nyuaj uas nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj. Cov neeg mob tau siv suav rau XE sai heev. Ntxiv mus, nws yooj yim dua li xam cov calories thiab glycemic index rau cov ntshav qab zib.