Latren Pentoxifylline

Latren yog tshuaj uas txhim kho microcirculation thiab rheological yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntshav. Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Latren kev npaj yog pentoxifylline, uas yog hais txog kev siv lub vasodilators ntawm cov pab pawg purine. Latren tshem tawm qhov spasm ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov hlab ntshav, bronchi thiab lwm yam hauv nruab nrog cev. Cov tshuaj inhibits phosphodiesterase, txhim kho rheological yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntshav thiab microcirculation, pab kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cyclic 3,5-AMP hauv vascular du cov leeg hlwb thiab platelets. Thaum siv Latren, muaj qhov nce ntawm ATP cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntshav liab thiab nce ntxiv hauv lub zog ntawm cov hlwb. Latren pab so qhov nqaij leeg cov leeg ntawm cov hlab ntshav, txo qhov kev tawm tsam tag nrho ntawm cov hlab ntshav (tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv), nrog rau nce cov feeb thiab systolic ntshav ntim.

Latren muaj cov nyhuv antianginal, uas ua tiav los ntawm kev so lub leeg cov leeg ntawm cov hlab ntsha cov hlab ntsha.
Cov tshuaj txhim kho cov pa oxygen txaus cov ntshav, nthuav tawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub ntsws, kom lub cev ua pa ntawm cov leeg ua pa (diaphragm thiab intercostal leeg), txhim kho collateral (ncig ncig) cov ntshav ncig thiab ua kom cov ntshav ntws mus rau cov plab hnyuv siab raum thiab cov ntaub so ntswg.
Latren muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm bioelectric ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab thiab pab ua kom ATP cov ntsiab lus hauv hlwb hlwb.
Kev ua ntawm lub zog ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, Latren nce lawv kev ywj pheej. Ua rau cov ntshav platelet tsis sib cais thiab txo cov ntshav viscosity.

Vim tias muaj ntau dua los ua cov kev sib txuam, cov ntshav microcirculation hauv cheeb tsam ischemic zoo tuaj.
Nrog sib quas ntus claudication (kab mob sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha txhaws), pentoxifylline lengthens qhov kev nyob deb taug kev, tshem tawm kev pw ib hmos ntawm lub plab hlaub thiab tiv thaiv qhov pom ntawm qhov mob thaum so.
Cov tshuaj yog metabolized yuav luag tag nrho, sib sau 5 metabolites, nrog rau sawv daws nquag pharmacologically. Pentoxifylline yog loj tas los ntawm lub raum hauv daim ntawv ntawm metabolites. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm pentoxifylline thiab nws cov metabolites yog li 0.5-1.5 teev. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub raum tsis zoo los yog hepatic muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj qhov nce ntawm ib nrab-lub neej.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

Cov tshuaj Latren tau tshaj tawm rau cov kev tiv thaiv peripheral ncig, mob ntshav qab zib neuropathy, sib cav sib ceg, tus kab mob thiab Raynaud's syndrome, obliterating endarteritis.
Cov tshuaj Latren tseem tseem siv rau kev ua txhaum ntawm trophic nqaij.
Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem raug kho nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob nyuaj rau cov neeg mob varicose leeg, post-thrombotic syndrome, gangrene, frostbite thiab trophic mob.

Latren muab tshuaj rau cov neeg mob cerebrovascular kev sib tsoo, ischemic stroke, dyscirculatory encephalopathy, raws li kev mob hlwb, uas yog nrog mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, pw tsaug zog thiab nco qab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Latren yog siv rau kev kho mob ntshav khov hauv choroid thiab retina, zoo li hauv kev hloov pauv nrog lub ntsej muag tsis hnov ​​lus los ntawm vascular pathology ntawm lub pob ntseg sab hauv.

Txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov

Cov tshuaj Latren yog npaj rau kev tswj hwm cov quav tshuaj. Cov koob tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kho mob ib leeg zuj zus thiab tau xam los ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav, qhov mob hnyav ntawm lub plawv mob, cov kab mob thiab ua siab ntev rau kev kho.

Rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 12 xyoos, cov cai hauv qab no yog kev pom zoo rau kev tswj hwm:
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm 200 ml vial (100 mg ntawm pentoxifylline) raug muab tshuaj rau txoj kev tso quav rov qab ntev li 90-180 feeb.
Nrog kev sib yeem zoo, nws muaj peev xwm nce qhov koob tshuaj nrog dav hlau kev tswj hwm rau 200-300 mg (uas sib haum rau 400-500 ml ntawm kev daws).
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev kho, raws li txoj cai, yog 5-7 hnub thiab nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kab mob. Yav tom ntej, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem pauv mus rau hauv qhov ncauj ntawm pentoxifylline.
Qhov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj txhua hnub yog 300 mg.

Nws raug tso cai siv cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos thiab cov menyuam yug tshiab. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov tshuaj tau muab xam los ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav. Rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos, raws li txoj cai, Latren tau raug xaj rau ib koob tshuaj 5 mg (10 ml Latren tov) rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav.

Sab sij huam

Thaum siv Latren hauv cov neeg mob, txoj kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis xav tau vim yog pentoxifylline yog ua tau:
Los ntawm cov hlab hlwb: pw ntxhov siab, mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, cramps. Hauv cov xwm txheej cais, kev tsim kho tus mob aseptic meningitis tau sau tseg.
Ntawm ib feem ntawm lub cev hematopoietic, lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha: hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub cev sab saud, edema, angina pectoris, arrhythmia, tachycardia, cardialgia, hypotension arterial, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia.

Los ntawm cov kab mob hepatobiliary thiab mob plab zom mov: plab hnyuv atony, xeev siab, ntuav, anorexia, cholestatic mob siab, exacerbation ntawm cholecystitis, nce kev ua si ntawm daim siab enzymes.
Lwm tus: hematomas, los ntshav sab hauv, txo qhov muag pom, nce thaj chaw ntawm cov ntsia hlau.
Ua xua: hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij, khaus, urticaria, anaphylactic ceeb, angioedema.

Cov Yuav Tsum Tau Ua

Latren tsis raug xaj rau cov neeg mob uas paub txog kev ua haujlwm tsis haum rau ib qho twg ntawm cov tshuaj, ib yam li xanthine derivatives.
Latren yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj tus mob myocardial infarction, mob pob txha, mob pob txha, mob ntshav tawm, mob ntshav tawm ntawm lub hlwb lossis mob rau cov hlab ntshav hlab ntshav atherosclerosis.
Latren tsis yog siv los kho cov neeg mob kev txom nyem los ntawm arrhythmia, kev tswj tsis tau txoj hlab ntshav hypotension, lub raum lossis mob siab tsis txaus, nrog rau cov neeg mob uas los ntshav ntau heev.

Ceev faj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum sau ntawv Latren rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, mob plab peptic ntawm lub plab lossis duodenum, nrog rau cov neeg laus laus.
Kev ceev faj yuav tsum pom thaum sau ntawv Latren rau cov neeg mob uas tau phais (kev saib xyuas hemoglobin thiab hematocrit yog qhov tsim nyog).

Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Kev haus luam yeeb txo cov kev siv tshuaj kho kom zoo ntawm pentoxifylline.
Cov tshuaj Latren nrog kev siv tshuaj ua ke tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj anticoagulants thiab thrombolytic tus neeg sawv cev. Kev siv ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj no raug tso cai tsuas yog nrog kev soj ntsuam tas li ntawm cov ntshav coagulation system.
Latren nrog kev siv thooj txhij txhim kho qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cephalosporin tshuaj tua kab mob.
Pentoxifylline, thaum siv ua ke, txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm valproic acid, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj thiab insulin.

Qhov kev xav ntawm pentoxifylline hauv cov ntshav ntshav nce ntxiv nrog kev siv ua ke nrog cimetidine.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj Latren thiab lwm yam tshuaj xanthine derivatives tuaj yeem ua rau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev siv tshuaj tsis tseem ceeb.

Noj ntau dhau

Thaum siv cov tshuaj pentoxifylline ntau dhau rau hauv cov neeg mob, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog, tsaus muag, mob ntshav ntawm lub cev, tsaug zog, lossis mob arousal. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov koob tshuaj Latren, cov neeg mob tau sau tseg kev txhim kho ntawm tachycardia, hyperthermia, ploj tsis nco qab, areflexia, mob plab hnyuv ntshav, thiab qaug dab peg.

Tsis muaj ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb. Yog tias muaj qhov noj ntau dhau, siv tshuaj kho kom thim tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm intoxication nrog pentoxifylline.
Kev siv ntau tshaj kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv tsev kho mob los ntawm kev saib xyuas tas li ntawm cov neeg kho mob.

Dosage daim ntawv

Txoj kev lis ntshav daws 0.5 mg / ml

1 ml ntawm cov tshuaj muaj

cov tshuaj nquag - pentoxifylline 0.5 mg,

pabcuamtshuaj: sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium lactate, dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj.

Tsis muaj kob uas tsis muaj xim los sis kua xaim me me kua dej.

Cov chaw muag tshuaj

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics

Lub ntsiab tshuaj pharmacologically nquag metabolite 1- (5-hydroxyhexyl) -3,7-dimethylxanthine (metabolite I) yog txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv ntshav hauv ib qho kev xav ntau tshaj 2 npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tsis hloov pauv thiab yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm thim rov qab biochemical kev sib npaug nrog nws. Hauv qhov no, pentoxifylline thiab nws cov metabolite yuav tsum tau muab suav hais tias yog kev nquag. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm pentoxifylline yog 1.6 teev.

Pentoxifylline yog cov ua tiav tag nrho; ntau dua 90% yog tawm los ntawm lub raum hauv daim ntawv tsis ua haujlwm, dej-soluble polar metabolites. Tsawg dua li 4% ntawm cov koob tshuaj txhaj tau tawm hauv cov quav. Hauv cov neeg mob uas mob raum tsis zoo, qhov nthuav tawm ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav ua kom qeeb. Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nce ntxiv hauv ib nrab-lub neej ntawm pentoxifylline tau sau tseg.

Cov Tshuaj Hauv Tshuaj

Pentoxifylline yog methylxanthine derivative. Lub tshuab ntawm kev ua ntawm pentoxifylline yog txuam nrog kev txwv tsis pub phosphodiesterase thiab kev txuam nrog ntawm 3,5-AMP hauv cov leeg nqaij vascular cov leeg ntshav, cov ntshav ntshav, thiab hauv lwm cov nqaij thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum. Pentoxifylline inhibits kev sib sau ntawm cov platelets thiab cov ntshav liab, ua rau lawv qhov kev ywj pheej ntxiv, txo qhov muaj zog ntawm cov fibrinogen hauv cov ntshav plasma thiab ua kom cov fibrinolysis, uas txo cov viscosity ntawm cov ntshav thiab txhim kho nws cov rheological. Tsis tas li ntawd, pentoxifylline muaj cov nyhuv myotropic vasodilator tsis muaj zog, me ntsis txo tag nrho cov kev tawm tsam tag nrho vascular thiab muaj cov nyhuv inotropic zoo. Vim siv cov pentoxifylline, microcirculation thiab oxygen muab rau cov nqaij ua kom zoo dua, feem ntau ntawm txhua tus povtseg, lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab ntsha tsis txaus, thiab mob hauv lub raum. Cov tshuaj me ntsis dilates hlab ntsha hlab ntsha.

Tso tawm daim ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg

Cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov ntawv hauv qab no:

• Kev daws rau kev tswj hwm kev siv tshuaj thiab dej khov: cov kua ntshiab, yuav luag tsis muaj xim lossis xim tsis muaj xim (2 ml lossis 4 ml hauv ampoules, hauv ib lub xovtooj ntawm PVC (polyvinyl chloride) zaj duab xis ntawm 1, 2 lossis 5 ampoules, 1 lub pob ntawm tes hauv lub thawv ntawv)
• Cov ntsiav tshuaj dawb: lub plhaub daj (10 daim txhua qhov hauv cov hlwv pob, 1 ntim rau hauv thawv ntawv).

Hauv 1 ml ntawm kev daws muaj:

• Tus nquag ua hauj lwm: ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate (hais txog ondansetron) - 2 mg,
• Ntu cov khoom siv: hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, dej rau txhaj.

1 cov ntsiav tshuaj coated muaj:

• Tus nquag ua hauj lwm: ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate (hais txog ondansetron) - 4 mg,
• Ntu cov khoom siv: Aerosil (colloidal silicon dioxide), microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab,
• Lub plhaub: hydroxypropyl cellulose (hyprolose), tropeolin O, polysorbate (kaum-80), cov roj taum castor.

Cev xeeb tub

Tsis muaj kev paub txaus nrog kev siv tshuaj yaj yeeb hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Yog li ntawd tsa Latren lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub tsis pom zoo.
Pentoxifylline me me kis mus rau hauv niam mis. Yog tias kev kho mob nrog Latren raug xaj, kev pub niam mis yuav tsum tau tsum.

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Latren tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav coagulation system (tsis ncaj thiab ncaj qha anticoagulants, thrombolytics). Txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob cephalosporins (cefamandol, cefoperazone, cefotetan) los ntawm kev txhim kho kev nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau hauv cov nqaij mos los ntawm kev nce lub davhlau ya nyob ntawm vascular cov ntshav ntws. Txhim kho qhov kev txiav txim ntawm valproic acid. Tsub kom zoo cov tshuaj antihypertensive, insulin thiab tshuaj qhov ncauj hypoglycemic. Cimetidine nce kev tsub zuj zus ntawm Latren hauv cov ntshav ntshav, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshwm sim ntau dua.
Kev siv tshuaj ua ke nrog lwm cov xanthine derivatives tuaj yeem ua rau tshee ntau dhau.

Cov tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Cov nyhuv ntawm kev txo qis cov piam thaj hauv ntshav mus rau insulin lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj yuav ua kom zoo dua. Yog li, cov neeg mob uas tau txais tshuaj kho mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib.

Hauv lub sijhawm tshaj tawm tom qab tau tshaj tawm, cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tau tshaj tawm hauv cov neeg mob uas tau ua ke nrog pentoxifylline thiab anti-vitamin K. Thaum kev noj cov pentoxifylline yog tshuaj lossis hloov pauv, nws raug nquahu kom soj ntsuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis haum rau pawg neeg mob no. Pentoxifylline tuaj yeem txhim kho hypotensive nyhuv ntawm antihypertensive tshuaj thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis ntshav siab. Kev siv pentoxifylline thiab theophylline tib lub sijhawm cov neeg mob tuaj yeem ua rau nce theophylline ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntshav. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm nce lub zaus ntxiv thiab nce qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev phiv tshuaj ntawm theophylline.

Incompatibility.Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj hauv tib lub ntim.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Nyob rau thawj thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob anaphylactic / anaphylactoid, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau txiav tawm tam sim ntawd thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Kev siv cov tshuaj, cov neeg mob uas lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm yuav tsum xub mus txog theem ntawm cov ntshav ncig kev them nyiaj.

Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab tau txais kev kho mob los ntawm insulin lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj, thaum siv cov tshuaj ntau kawg, nws muaj peev xwm nce cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj no rau cov ntshav qab zib (saib ntu "Kev Sib Cuam Tshuam Tshuaj"). Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov koob tshuaj insulin lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj yuav tsum tau txo, thiab tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob lupus erythematosus (SLE) los yog nrog lwm cov kab mob ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas tau tuaj yeem yog pentoxifylline tsuas yog tom qab ua tib zoo tshawb xyuas ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig. Txij li thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo los tsim kev mob ntshav khov thaum lub sijhawm kho nrog pentoxifylline, yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov ntshav dav dav yog ib qho tsim nyog.

Hauv cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm (kev tshem tawm creatinine tsawg dua 30 ml / min) lossis mob siab tsis ua haujlwm, pentoxifylline kev tshem tawm yuav qeeb. Yuav tsum muaj kev tshuaj xyuas kom zoo.

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog qhov tsim nyog rau:

- cov neeg mob lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem,

- cov neeg mob myocardial infarction,

- cov neeg mob ntshav arterial hypotension,

- cov neeg mob uas mob atherosclerosis ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov leeg ntshav ntawm lub plawv thiab mob plawv dhia tsis ua hauj lwm. Hauv cov neeg mob no, thaum noj cov tshuaj, tawm tsam angina pectoris, arrhythmias thiab leeg ntshav siab tau,

- cov neeg mob raum tsis ua haujlwm (kev tsim kho hauv qab 30 ml / min),

- cov neeg mob lub siab tsis ua haujlwm,

- cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab tsis tuaj yeem los ntshav, tshwm sim, piv txwv, los ntawm kev kho mob nrog anticoagulants lossis ntshav txhaws tsis zoo. Hais txog los ntshav - saib "Ntu tiv thaiv" ntu,

- cov neeg mob uas tus mob ntshav qis yog qhov pheej hmoo siab heev (piv txwv li, cov neeg mob plawv mob rau lub plawv lossis cov hlab ntshav khov uas xa ntshav mus rau lub hlwb),

- cov neeg mob uas tau txais kev kho mob nrog pentoxifylline thiab tshuaj tua kab mob antivit vitamins K (saib ntu “Kev Sib Tham Hauv Tshuaj”),

- cov neeg mob uas tau txais kev kho mob nrog pentoxifylline thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kev nkeeg (saib ntu “Kev Sib Cuam Tshuam Hauv Tshuaj”).

Siv thaum cev xeeb tub lossis lactation. Thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, kev siv cov tshuaj yog contraindicated.

Cov menyuam. Tsis muaj kev paub dhau los ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj hauv menyuam yaus.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm lub peev xwm tsav lub tsheb lossis lwm yam kev phom sij uas muaj peev xwm

Txij li thaum cov tshuaj siv hauv tsev kho mob, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov teebmeem zoo li no.