Mikstard 30 HM > Cov tshuaj insulin

Hypoglycemic tus neeg sawv cev ntawm nruab nrab ntev. Nws cuam tshuam nrog ib qho kev tshwj xeeb ntawm sab nraud daim nyias nyias ntawm cov hlwb thiab ua ib qho insulin receptor complex. Los ntawm kev ua kom lub biosynthesis ntawm CAMP hauv cov roj ntsha thiab lub siab ua haujlwm lossis nkag mus ncaj qha rau cov leeg nqaij, isulin receptor complex stimulates intracellular processes, suav nrog synthesis ntawm cov lej ntawm cov enzymes tseem ceeb (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, thiab lwm yam). Qhov kev txo qis hauv cov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav yog vim ib qho kev nce hauv nws txoj kev thauj mus los rau sab hauv, suav nrog ntxiv kev nqus thiab assimilation ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, stimulation ntawm glycogenesis, glycogenogenesis, synthesis protein, txo cov piam thaj ntau lawm los ntawm daim siab, thiab lwm yam.

Lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin feem ntau yog vim los ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev nqus, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog nyob ntawm ntau yam (nrog rau cov koob tshuaj, txoj kev thiab qhov chaw tswj). Qhov pib ntawm kev nqis tes ua tom qab kev tswj hwm sc yog nyob rau hauv 30 feeb, qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tsim tawm hauv 2-8 teev, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau nce mus txog 24 teev. Feem ntau qhia nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw nrog luv luv ua yeeb yam insulin npaj.

Sab sij huam

Kev tsis haum tshuaj (urticaria, angioedema - ua npaws, ua tsis taus pa, ua pa tsis txaus), suav nrog hauv zos (hyperemia, o, khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj), lipodystrophy ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, hypoglycemia (pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nce tawm hws, tawm hws, palpitations, tshee hnyo, tshaib plab, ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, mob plab hauv lub qhov ncauj, mob taub hau, tsaug zog. , insomnia, ntshai, cuam tshuam mus ob peb vas, txob taus, txawv tus cwj pwm, tsis ruaj ntseg ntawm kev txav, hais lus tsis pom kev thiab tsis pom kev), ua tsis taus pa tsis nco qab.

Thaum pib ntawm kev kho mob - o thiab tsis hnov mob zoo (yog ib ntus thiab ploj nrog kev kho txuas ntxiv).

Daim ntawv thov thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas

SC hauv tus ncej puab thaj chaw (qhov chaw ntawm qeeb thiab feem ntau kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj); SC nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej lub plab phab ntsa, pob tw los yog deltoid leeg ntawm lub xub pwg kuj tau tso cai.

Cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob ib leeg zuj zus hauv txhua kis raws li cov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Qhov nruab nrab cov tshuaj txhua hnub nruab nrab ntawm 0.5 mus rau 1 IU / kg lub cev hnyav. Cov tshuaj tau muab tshuaj 30 feeb ua ntej noj mov uas muaj cov carbohydrates. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov tshuaj txhaj yuav tsum yog chav kub.

Ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov tawv nqaij txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg nqaij.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hloov chaw txhaj tshuaj nyob rau thaj tsam anatomical kom tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm lipodystrophy.

Cov tshuaj no yog siv los ua kev kho ob leeg thiab hauv kev sib xyaw nrog kev ua yeeb yam luv luv. Nrog kev kho mob siab, cov tshuaj siv yog cov tshuaj insal basal 1-2 zaug hauv ib hnub (yav tsaus ntuj thiab noj thaum sawv ntxov) ua ke nrog luv-insulin (tswj hwm ua ntej noj su).

Hauv Hom II mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov tshuaj tau muab ua kom sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib hauv qhov ncauj.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv / hauv.

Nrog txoj kev qhia ntawm insulin yuav tsum tsis tu ncua soj ntsuam cov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.

Cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab tsis zoo yog tias, tom qab tshee, qhov kev ncua tsis dhau dawb thiab hnav kom zoo nkauj. Rau kev qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tsis pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj insulin.

Kev siv ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev noj qab zib sai sai los yog qee cov khoom muaj suab thaj (tus neeg mob yuav tsum muaj ob peb daim qab zib, khob noom, ncuav qab zib lossis kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo).

Qhia rau cov neeg txheeb ze, phooj ywg thiab cov npoj yaig ua haujlwm txog ntshav qab zib, piav qhia cov cai rau kev pabcuam ua ntej thaum muaj ntshav nce siab ntau.

Nrog kev qhia txog cov tshuaj insulin qis dua qhov tsim nyog, kev xav tau insulin ntau dua, kev noj zaub mov tsis ua haujlwm, thiab kev tswj hwm tsis txaus ntawm insulin, hyperglycemia thiab mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis yuav tshwm sim (polyuria, pollakiuria, nqhis dej, tsis qab los, xeev siab, ntuav, qaug zog, qaug zog, hyperemia, thiab) tawv nqaij, qhov ncauj qhuav thiab tsw ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab ntawm cov kua roj (acetone hauv kev tso pa tawm). Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm hyperglycemia tshwm sim, insulin yuav tsum muab tswj tam sim ntawd.

Hauv cov kab mob uas tsis meej (suav nrog kev ua tsis taus cov thyroid muaj nuj nqi, mob siab, mob raum, Addison's disease, hypopituitarism) hauv cov neeg laus (ntau dua 65 xyoos), yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj insulin kom haum. Cov kab mob kis tau yooj yim nrog kub taub hau, nce kev tawm dag zog, kev hloov pauv ntawm kev noj zaub mov li ib txwm ua rau muaj qhov xav tau ntawm insulin.

Kev noj tshuaj Ethanol (suav nrog npias, cawv) tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntshav qab zib tsawg. Tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj ethanol ntawm ib qho kev mob plab.

Thaum hloov mus rau tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin, nws yuav tsum tau yug los rau hauv lub siab tias cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm tus neeg mob qog ntshav ntawm lub qog ntshav yuav ua rau tsawg dua li lawv tau hais thaum siv cov tshuaj dhau los. Qhov xwm yeem thiab kev siv zog ntawm cov kev paub tshwm sim tuaj yeem hloov tau thaum lub sijhawm uas them nyiaj pab rau kev noj haus metabolism (suav txog thaum kho tshuaj insulin).

Thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lub sijhawm lactation, nws raug nquahu kom kho cov koob tshuaj txhawm rau txhawm rau them cov ntshav qab zib.

Thaum lub sijhawm kho mob, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum tsav tsheb thiab koom nrog lwm yam kev phom sij uas yuav tsum muaj kev mloog zoo dua thiab ceev ntawm cov kev puas hlwb (thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg ntshav qis, tuaj yeem txo qis).

Kev sib txuam

Cov tshuaj tsis sib haum nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm lwm cov tshuaj.

Cov nyhuv hypoglycemic yog txhim kho los ntawm sulfonamides (suav nrog qhov ncauj tshuaj hypoglycemic, sulfonamides), MAO inhibitors (suav nrog furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs (suav nrog salicylates), anabolic (suav nrog stanozolol, oxandrolone, methandrostenolone), androgens, bromocriptine, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, phenfluramine, Li + kev npaj, pyridoxine, quinidine, quinine, chloroquinine.

Hypoglycemic los ntawm lus glucagon, kev loj hlob lawm, corticosteroids, qhov ncauj contraceptives, estrogens, thiazide thiab voj diuretics, BCCI, thyroid hormones, heparin, sulfinpyrazone, sympathomimetics, danazol, tricyclics, clonidine, calcium antagonists, diazoxide, morphine, tshuaj maj, nicotine, phenytoin, epinephrine, H1-histamine receptor blockers.

Beta-blockers, reserpine, octreotide, pentamidine tuaj yeem txhim kho ob qho tib si thiab ua rau cov nyhuv tsis muaj zog hypoglycemic ntawm insulin.

Tus kws kho mob ntshav qab zib: "Txhawm rau tswj cov ntshav muaj piam thaj kom zoo."

Yuav siv li cas: noj ntau thiab hom tshuaj kho

Ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov tawv nqaij txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg nqaij.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hloov chaw txhaj tshuaj nyob rau thaj tsam anatomical kom tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm lipodystrophy.

Hauv Hom II mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov tshuaj tau muab ua kom sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib hauv qhov ncauj.

Dosage daim ntawv

Ncua rau lub subcutaneous thawj coj, 100 IU / ml

1 ml ntawm cov tshuaj muaj

cov tshuaj nquag - qhia txog kev kho mob tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin 3.50 mg (100 IU) 1,

tus zam: zinc (hauv daim ntawv ntawm zinc chloride), glycerin, phenol, metacresol, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, protamine sulfate, hydrochloric acid 2 M tov, sodium hydroxide 2 M tov rau pH 7.3, dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj.

1 Cov tshuaj muaj 30% soluble tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin thiab 70% isofan-insulin

Qhov kev tshem tawm dawb, thaum sawv ntsug, yog stratified mus rau hauv lub pob tshab, tsis muaj xim lossis yuav luag tsis muaj xim tsis zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab dawb nag lossis daus. Cov nag lossis daus tau yooj yim resuspended nrog maj mam co.

Cov chaw muag tshuaj

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics

Lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua ntawm insulin npaj feem ntau vim yog tus nqi ntawm kev nqus, uas nyob ntawm ntau yam (piv txwv, ntawm qhov koob tshuaj insulin, txoj kev thiab qhov chaw tswj hwm, qhov tuab ntawm subcutaneous rog txheej thiab hom mob ntshav qab zib mellitus). Yog li no, cov chaw muag tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj insulin yuav raug rau qhov tseem ceeb nruab nrab- thiab kev hloov ntawm ib leeg ntawm ib leeg.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws (Cmax) ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv plasma tau tiav hauv 1.5 mus rau 2.5 teev tom qab kev tswj hwm subcutaneous.

Tsis muaj cov lus tshaj tawm los txuas nrog cov ntshav plasma protein tau sau tseg, tsuas yog tshuav ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov insulin (yog tias muaj).

Tib neeg cov kua dej yog muab pov tseg los ntawm qhov kev ua ntawm insulin protease lossis insulin-cleaving enzymes, thiab kuj tseem yog los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov protein disulfide isomerase. Nws xav tias nyob rau hauv molecule ntawm tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm cleavage (hydrolysis), txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj ib yam ntawm cov metabolites uas tau tsim los ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Ib nrab-lub neej (T½) yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov nqaij subcutaneous. Yog li, T½ yog qhov ntsuas ntau dua ntawm kev nqus, dua li qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm kev tshem tawm cov insulin los ntawm ntshav (T½ ntawm insulin los ntawm cov hlab ntshav tsuas yog ob peb feeb). Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias T½ yog li 5-10 teev.

Cov Tshuaj Hauv Tshuaj

Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® yog qhov ua tau ob-qho insulin tsim los ntawm kev siv cov DNA biotechnology siv cov tshuaj Saccharomyces cerevisiae lim. Nws cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim tshwj xeeb nyob rau sab nraud cytoplasmic membrane ntawm cov hlwb thiab ua ib qho insulin-receptor complex. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov kab mob cAMP biosynthesis (hauv cov roj ntsha thiab lub siab ua haujlwm) lossis, nkag mus ncaj qha rau hauv lub cell (leeg), cov insulin-receptor complex txhawb cov txheej txheem intracellular, suav nrog synthesis ntawm cov lej ntawm cov enzymes tseem ceeb (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, thiab lwm yam). Txo cov ntshav qabzib yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv nws txoj kev thauj mus los hauv lub cev, kev nqus thiab kev pov tseg ntawm cov nqaij mos, ua kom cov lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, synthesis protein, txo tus nqi ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm lub siab, thiab lwm yam.

Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® pib li ntawm ib nrab ib teev tom qab kev tswj hwm, thiab cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 2-8 teev, thaum lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev nqis tes yog li 24 teev.

Tsuas tshuaj thiab tswj hwm

Ua ke npaj cov tshuaj insulin feem ntau yog muab ib zaug lossis ob zaug hauv ib hnub yog tias yuav tsum tau muaj kev pib ceev thiab ntev dua cov teebmeem yuav tsum ua.

Cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tau xaiv ib tus zuj zus, ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm tus neeg mob. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj insulin yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.3 thiab 1 IU / kg / hnub. Kev xav tau cov tshuaj insulin txhua hnub yuav muaj ntau dua rau cov neeg mob insulin tsis kam (piv txwv li, thaum tiav nkauj tiav nraug, thiab cov neeg mob rog rog), thiab qis dua rau cov neeg mob uas muaj cov insulin endogenous ntau lawm.

Yog tias cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib ua tiav kev tswj glycemic zoo, ces cov teeb meem ntshav qab zib hauv lawv, raws li txoj cai, tshwm sim tom qab. Hauv kev hais txog qhov no, ib qho yuav tsum sib zog ua kom ua tau zoo ntawm cov tswj kev zom zaub mov, tshwj xeeb, lawv ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav.

Cov tshuaj tau muab noj 30 feeb ua ntej noj mov lossis noj khoom txom ncauj uas muaj cov carbohydrates.

Rau kev tswj hwm subcutaneous. Nyob hauv ib qho xwm txheej twg yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tshuaj insulin ncua sijhawm muab tshuaj rau ncaj nruab nrog cev. Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® feem ntau yog tswj subcutaneously hauv thaj av ntawm sab xub ntiag phab ntsa. Yog tias qhov no yooj yim, ces kev hno kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hauv tus ncej puab, thaj av gluteal lossis hauv thaj tsam ntawm deltoid leeg ntawm lub xub pwg (subcutaneously). Nrog kev qhia txog cov tshuaj mus rau thaj av ntawm thaj chaw ntawm sab xub ntiag phab ntsa, kev nqus sai tau tiav ntau dua nrog kev qhia rau lwm thaj chaw. Ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov tawv nqaij txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg nqaij. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los hloov qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tsis pub dhau thaj chaw anatomical thiaj li yuav txo tau kev pheej hmoo ntawm lipodystrophy.

Cov lus qhia rau siv nrog Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® yuav tsum tau muab rau tus neeg mob.

Ua ntej siv cov tshuaj Mikstard® 30 NMPenfill®yog tsim nyog:

Tshawb xyuas cov ntawv ntim kom paub tseeb tias hom tshuaj insulin raug xaiv.

Txhua zaus yuav tsum kuaj xyuas lub cartridge, suav nrog cov roj hmab piston. Yog tias muaj ib qho kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim, lossis yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov roj hmab piston thiab daim kab xev dawb nrog kos cim, ces tsis siv daim cartridge no. Rau cov lus qhia ntxiv, saib cov lus qhia rau kev siv lub system rau insulin tswj hwm.

Txhua zaus yuav tsum siv rab koob tshiab rau txhua txoj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kis mob.

Txheem cov roj hmab xoos nrog ib rab pas rwb mus so.

Cov tshuaj Mikstard®30 nmPenfill®tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

Hauv cov tshuaj insulin (twj)

Yog tias lub laub lossis cov khoom tso nkag mus, lossis yog tias nws puas los yog sab hauv, raws li muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj insulin

Yog tias cov ntshav qog ntshav qab zib pib (cov piam thaj hauv ntshav tsawg).

Yog tias cov tshuaj insulin tsis khaws cia kom raug, lossis yog nws khov

Yog tias nws tsis ua kom zoo nkauj dawb thiab pos huab tom qab rov ua hauj lwm.

Ua ntej siv Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill®:

Kuaj daim ntawv lo kom paub tseeb tias koj siv hom insulin.

Tshem lub hau tiv thaiv.

Koob thiab Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® tsuas yog siv rau tus kheej nkaus xwb.

Yuav siv cov tshuaj Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® li cas

Cov tshuaj Mikstard® 30 NM Penfill® yog npaj rau kev tswj hwm subcutaneous. Tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj insulin rau txoj leeg ua los yog intramuscularly. Txhua zaus yuav tsum hloov chaw txhaj tshuaj nyob rau thaj tsam anatomical txhawm rau kom txo qis kev phom sij thiab txhaws ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Cov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txhaj tshuaj yog: pob tw, sab xub pwg lossis xub pwg.

Cov lus qhia rau tus neeg mob yuav ua li cas tswj cov tshuaj insulin

Ua ntej txhim kho Penfill® cartridge rau hauv qhov kev txhaj tshuaj insulin, nce thiab qis daim cartridge tsawg kawg 10 zaug nce thiab nqis ntawm txoj haujlwm a thiab b, raws li muaj nyob hauv daim duab, kom lub khob pob hauv sab hauv daim cartridge txav ntawm ib kawg ntawm tus cartridge mus rau lwm yam tsawg kawg 20 zaug. Ua ntej txhua txoj kev txhaj tshuaj, tsawg kawg 10 qhov kev qoj ib ce yuav tsum ua. Cov kev tswj hwm no yuav tsum tau rov ua dua kom txog thaum cov kua ua kom tusyees dawb thiab huab. Hno tam sim.