Cov piam thaj hauv ntshav tsawg
10 feeb Qhia los ntawm Lyubov Dobretsova 1506
Kev mob ntshav qab zib, lossis, raws li nws ib txwm hu, cov ntshav qab zib tsawg, yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tawm dag zog lub cev, kev tsis zoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau thaum kuaj cov ntshav rau cov ntshav qabzib, qhov tshwm sim ntawm uas yuav qhia qhov tseem ceeb hauv qab no feem ntau lees txais kev cai.
Cov cim uas nrog tus mob no feem ntau ua tsis tau zoo rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim sai thiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo. Qee qhov xwm txheej, hypoglycemia qhia tau hais tias tsis txaus kho cov ntshav qab zib mellitus lossis cov kab sib luag ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Cov ntshav qabzib hauv kev nthuav dav
Thaum pib, nws tsim nyog hais tias kev kuaj ntshav rau ntshav qab zib yog ib qho kev lees paub uas tau lees paub, tab sis nyob hauv lub moj khaum ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub no tsis muaj tseeb. Cov lus "ntshav qab zib" hnub rov qab mus rau Nrab Hnub nyoog. Cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws kho lub sijhawm ntawd ntseeg tias cov piam thaj muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm kev nqhis dej ntau dhau, ua paug thiab ua kom tso zis ntau zaus.
Niaj hnub no, nws tsis yog ib qho zais cia rau cov kws kho mob tsis muaj suab thaj (sucrose) hauv cov ntshav, vim hais tias thaum lub sijhawm kev tshawb fawb tau lees tias cov suab thaj yooj yim tau hloov mus rau hauv cov piam thaj los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Thiab nws, nyob rau hauv lem, twb ua ib qho ntawm cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub metabolism. Thiab tam sim no, thaum nws los txog tus qauv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov piam thaj txhais tau tias, cov khoom siv thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb uas muab lub zog rau txhua tus tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum.
Nrog nws txoj kev koom tes, kev xa tawm kom sov yog ua tiav, lub hlwb thiab tag nrho cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev tau txais kev noj qab haus huv, thiab cov tshuaj lom kuj raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev. Thaum muab nrog cov zaub mov, cov kua nplaum yog noj los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab tseem yog tso thiab sau rau hauv cov leeg thiab nplooj siab hauv daim ntawv ntawm glycogen, uas, yog tias tsim nyog, tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cov suab thaj yooj yim thiab rov qab los rau hauv cov ntshav.
Yog li, kev ncig ntawm cov piam thaj hauv lub cev txhawb nws txoj haujlwm li qub, thiab, yog li ntawd, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm ib tug neeg. Cov piam thaj (C6H12O6) hais txog cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov metabolism, thiab ib qho kev ua txhaum ntawm nws cov kev xav yuav ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev mob hnyav.
Ntxiv rau cov kua nplaum, thaum cais sucrose hauv cov plab zom mov (lub plab zom mov), fructose kuj tsim, uas tseem yog saccharide yooj yim, zoo li thawj. Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj hormones uas txhawb kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj, vim nws tau khaws cia rau hauv cov ntshav, tsis txhob tig mus ua glycogen.
Qabzib hauv cov ntshav, ntxiv rau hauv cov zis, yog qhov qhia pom ntawm cov kabmob, thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Cov tshuaj insulin rau cov neeg mob zoo li no pab hloov cov piam thaj dawb rau hauv glycogen.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, nws feem ntau tshwm sim tias kev xaiv tsis zoo xaiv cov tshuaj insulin lossis zaub mov tsis tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj qabzib thiab kev txhim kho hypoglycemia, uas yog tib qho kev phom sij zoo li hyperglycemia. Nyob hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, kev mob nkeeg txaus ntshai tuaj yeem txhim kho txawm tias muaj mob glycemia luv luv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qib poob sai sai.
Vim li cas rau qhov poob
Kev poob hauv cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem yog physiological, uas yog, pom hauv cov neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv, lossis pathological, vim muaj tshwm sim qee yam kab mob. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj cov piam thaj hauv qab yog:
- kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg hauv cov khoom noj niaj hnub los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem nrog cov zaub mov nruj, piv txwv, kom poob phaus sai sai,
- kev siv yeeb tshuaj thiab dej cawv, lom lub cev nrog rau cov kua tshuaj arsenic, chloroform, lub cev qhuav dej,
- ntev sib nrug ntawm cov pluas noj, kav ntev dua 8 teev, noj tsis zoo (bulimia, tsis nco qab), nqhis dej,
- Tso dej nrog kua ntsev nrog tsis ntxiv cov piam thaj rau nws,
- kev tawm dag zog lub cev ntau dhau, piv txwv li, ua haujlwm dhau heev thaum ua haujlwm lossis kev ua kis las,
- nce kev noj haus ntawm cov carbohydrates, uas yog, dhau li ntawm cov khoom qab zib, confectionery, dej haus nrog cov dej qab zib cov ntsiab lus, nrog rau cov zaub mov uas muaj glycemic siab.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws tsis muaj lub zog, uas lub cev tshem tawm los ntawm qhov "sab hauv" - los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm glycogen khaws cia hauv cov pob txha nqaij thiab mob siab. Thiab tseem, qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob, xws li:
- hom 1 thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus - qib qabzib feem ntau poob vim tias kev noj tshuaj insulin ntau dua lossis lwm yam tshuaj uas ua rau nws txo qis,
- raum, mob qog los yog mob rau daim siab,
- lub raum thiab lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, mob stroke,
- rog dhau, pancreatitis, sarcoidosis, kev cuam tshuam los ntawm hormonal,
- insulinoma yog lub qog ntawm lub txiav, lub hlwb ntawm cov uas muaj peev xwm ua cov tshuaj insulin, yog li tsim ib qho dhau ntawm nws hauv lub cev.
Feem ntau, qhov kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav qab zib tau sau nrog kev noj tshuaj insulin tsis raug, uas txhais tau hais tias hypoglycemia feem ntau txaus ntshai rau cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib, thiab yuam kom noj cov tshuaj no.
Qhov thib ob qhov chaw yog muab rau lub cev qaug zog tshwm sim tawm tsam ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev tshaib plab lossis khoom noj tsis txaus. Lwm txoj kev xaiv muaj tsawg heev, tsis yog ib txwm muaj los ntawm cov tsos mob ntxiv, thiab tsis muaj kws kho mob nws yuav tsis yooj yim nrhiav qhov laj thawj vim li cas cov piam thaj poob.
Kev sim ua ntawm cov ntshav qog ua kom qis
Txhawm rau kom koj ib txwm zov koj tus kheej thiab tuaj yeem teb sai sai rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv rau koj tus neeg lossis cov neeg nyob ze, koj yuav tsum paub cov cim tseem ceeb uas tuaj nrog cov ntshav qab zib tsawg. Cov qauv hauv qab no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv ib tus neeg laus:
- kev ua kom tsis muaj zog, ua rau lub zog nkees,
- mob taub hau, kiv taub hau,
- tshee hnyo (tshee) hauv cov nqua, lawv loog,
- tachycardia (mob ncauj plab)
- lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, nkees nkees,
- ntev li ntawm nervousness, txob taus,
- kev tshaib kev nqhis, tawm hws,
- tsis muaj kev sib koom tes ua kom tsis muaj zog, cov tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag yog daj ntseg,
- cov tub ntxhais kawm dilated, ob lub zeem muag hauv qhov muag, tsaus nti.
Tag nrho cov ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no uas tsis muaj piam thaj hauv ntshav tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj kev txav lossis zaum, lossis tus neeg pw. Lawv vim qhov tseeb hais tias lub hlwb noj cov piam thaj hauv kwv yees li ntawm cov nqaij thiab, thiab thaum nws tsis txaus, nws tseem tshaib plab.
Raws li txoj cai, tus neeg tau pw tsis tsaug zog, feem ntau nrog ua npau suav phem, nws tuaj yeem coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, sim ua kom sawv yam tsis tsaug zog. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus neeg mob feem ntau ntog tawm ntawm lub txaj, tawm hws hws zoo, sawv ntawm cramps hauv qhov qis qis, thiab thaum sawv ntxov hnov mob taub hau.
Yog tias cov piam thaj tsis tau muab rau tus neeg nyob rau theem ntawm cov ntshav qab zib (zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov ntawv zom: cov piam thaj, qab zib, zib ntab, ncuav mog qab zib, thiab lwm yam), ces nws tus mob yuav phem dua. Ib qho kev tso ntshav qabzib ntxiv yuav ua rau mob hnyav thiab txaus ntshai rau tus neeg mob lub neej thiab lub neej:
- tsis meej pem,
- hais lus tsis meej
- hawb pob tawm tsam.
Kev txo qis thiab ntxiv cov ntshav qab zib qee zaum ua rau mob stroke thiab / lossis coma, feem ntau tom qab kev tuag tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Cov tsos mob ntawm txoj kev poob zoo hauv qab zib
Kev hno cov ntshav qabzib hauv ntau feem ntau muaj tshwm sim rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 uas xav tau cov tshuaj insulin uas niaj hnub hno. Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, kev poob sai ntawm cov piam thaj hauv qab zib ua rau muaj cov tshuaj insulin ntau dhau vim tias siv tsis raug.
Tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem txo qis rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 uas noj tshuaj uas pab txhawb lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj insulin los ntawm tus txiav. Feem ntau cov no yog sulfonylurea derivatives thiab kev npaj ntawm cov pab pawg meglitinide. Thaum cov piam thaj hauv ntshav poob zuj zus, tus neeg muaj cov yam ntxwv, xws li:
- tachycardia, tshee tshee,
- pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij,
- kev ploj kev muaj peev xwm hauv qhov chaw,
- maj mam tawm kev tawm tsam lossis, hloov pauv, tus cwj pwm nyob tsis tswm, txhoj puab heev.
Cov ntshav qab zib qis hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib nyob rau hauv cov poj niam tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm tus mob no hauv cov txiv neej. Nrog ib qho kev poob qis hauv cov tshuaj piav qhia, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib nrab lub zog ntawm tib neeg yuav muaj kev:
- nce lub plawv dhia, ua ke nrog qhov muaj zog tsis paub zoo thiab ntshai ntawm kev ntxhov siab,
- kiv taub hau, qhov muag pom kev tsis meej, tshee thiab tsis muaj zog hauv cov ceg ntawm cov ceg,
- nce tawm hws thiab cov tsos ntawm kev tshaib plab heev.
Cov piam thaj hauv qab zib feem ntau pom nyob rau cov poj niam uas muaj menyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thawj peb lub hlis thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los, uas ua rau cov neeg tsis txaus siab xav tau cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov hlwb hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub so ntswg lub cev ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub siv cov piam thaj sai dua.
Thiab tseem muaj tus me nyuam hauv plab xav tau cov piam thaj. Tsis zoo li cov ntshav qab zib txhim kho hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov ntshav qab zib tsawg nyob hauv cov poj niam npaj los ua leej niam tsis txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb, tab sis tsuas yog xav noj zaub mov kom tsawg. Ntawd yog, lawv yuav tsum tau noj ntau zaus, tab sis hauv feem me.
Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?
Qhov pib ntawm kev txo qis hauv qabzib thaum cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hypoglycemia tshwm sim yog rau txhua tus neeg mob. Qee tus neeg yuav mloog zoo li qub nrog qhov ntsuas qis dua 2.2 mmol / L, hos rau lwm tus, tus nqi ntawm 3 dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb, thiab lawv muaj qhov tsis nco qab zoo dua.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 yuav tsum ntsuas lawv qab zib ntau zaus hauv ib hnub siv qhov ntsuas cov ntshav qab zib tus kheej. Cov neeg uas tsis siv cov cuab yeej no, thiab feem ntau tsis xav tias muaj cov ntshav qab zib (feem ntau, cov no yog cov neeg laus uas tau tsim muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv neeg laus), yuav tsum ceeb toom thiab dhau los ua lub sijhawm mus ntsib tus kws kho mob endocrinologist:
- kev cia siab nce hauv lub plawv dhia
- zoo nkaus li nkees nkees thiab qaug zog sab hauv qab nqeg,
- nce tawm hws thaum lub cev qoj ib ce,
- bouts ntawm causless ntshai, trembling ob txhais tes
- tsis muaj peev xwm mloog
- kev tawm tsam ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog lossis kiv taub hau,
- pom kev pom.
Thaum muaj ib qho kev ua yeeb yam lossis ob peb zaug, thawj qhov kev nqis tes ua ntawm ib tus neeg yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob thiab raug kuaj mob txhua yam tsim nyog. Tus kws kho mob yuav qhia cov neeg mob kom ntxaws, qhia koj tias yuav ua li cas hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, thiab tej zaum yuav pom zoo kom hloov kev ua neej.
Norms thiab sib txawv
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob tso cov kua nplaum tawm ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, txhawm rau taug qab cov ntshav qab zib kom ncav sijhawm, koj yuav tsum tuaj rau hauv chav kuaj ntshav ntawm lub plab khoob thiab kuaj ntshav los ntawm koj tus ntiv tes. Hauv tsev, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav siv glucometer, uas txhua tus mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum muaj.
Cov piam thaj hauv ntshav nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 3 mm6 mmol / l, uas yog:
- yug cov menyuam yug tshiab 2.7-4.5 mmol / l,
- cov menyuam loj dua - 3-5.5 mmol / l,
- cov neeg laus - 3.5-6 mmol / l.
Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias rau cov neeg laus tus nqi ntawm 5.5-6 mmol / l yog suav tias yog lub tswb nrov, uas nyob hauv cov tshuaj hu ua lub xeev ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov coefficient rau qis dua kev txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv yuav qhia tau tias lub cev txo qis lossis cov ntshav ruaj khov tas mus li.
Ib qho mob uas cov ntshav qabzib tau txo qis, thiab tib lub sijhawm nws nrog cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb: lub cev tsis muaj zog, tsis nco qab, yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau mus kho tom tsev kho mob sai. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho thiab kho cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav, yuav tau kawm paub ntxiv, uas yuav pab kom nkag siab qhov laj thawj ntawm cov kev tsis sib txawv no.
Thiab tseem yog tus kws kho mob yuav tham nrog tus neeg mob txog kev ntsuas txhawm rau txhim kho lub cev, uas suav nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo, muab cov cwj pwm tsis zoo, sib ntaus rog thiab so kom txaus. Raws li txoj cai, kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua neej, kev noj zaub mov, thiab kev noj zaub mov kom noj qab nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm muaj mob txaus ntshai.
Yuav ua li cas pab tau nrog cov hypoglycemia loj heev?
Lub xeev uas mob ceev ceev tsim muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum nres hauv 5-10 feeb, txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm tsaus muag thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev phom sij hauv lub neej. Txhawm rau ua kom tsis muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, koj yuav tsum noj tej yam qab zib lossis muaj cov carbohydrates.
Cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws uas pab txo kev tawm tsam hauv 5-10 feeb yog:
- cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo (ib nrab khob yog txaus),
- qab zib (1-2 diav),
- zib ntab (2 teaspoon),
- jam (1-2 tablespoons)
- caramel (1-2 pcs.),
- kua txiv qaub lossis lwm yam dej qab zib (1 khob).
Tom qab noj mov, qhov kev tawm tsam yuav nres, tab sis nws tsis tsim nyog tsis quav ntsej cov tsos mob ua ntej nws, txawm tias nws tseem tsis tau ua rau ntau qhov tsis xis nyob. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txhua feeb (nrog rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav qab zib-txo cov tshuaj lossis hla zaub mov), qhov kev tawm tsam tuaj yeem rov tshwm sim, thiab nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias yuav siv zog li cas.
Rau cov neeg mob. Ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm lub qog ntshav qab zib yuav tsum yog lub sijhawm rau kev mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab kuaj mob kom huv. Yog tias tsis muaj cov kab mob pathologies, pom nws tsim nyog siv tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo los txo qis kev rov ua txhaum tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob ceeb toom. Yog tias pom ntawm tus kabmob - tau txais kev tawm tswv yim thiab kev teem sijhawm kho mob uas yuav tswj kho lub xeev ntawm endocrine system.
