Glucobay, cov lus qhia rau kev siv > Kev khomob thiab kev tiv thaiv

Kev Sib Sau thiab daim ntawv ntawm kev tso tawm. Glucobai ntsiav tshuaj, Glucobai 100 ntsiav tshuaj. Cov khoom xyaw dhia: acarbose. Tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj. Kev siv tau zoo (hom thiab ntau npaum li cas). Glucobai 50: 1 ntsiav tshuaj muaj 50 mg ntawm acarbose. Glokobay 100: 1 ntsiav tshuaj muaj 100 mg ntawm acarbose. Lwm yam khoom xyaw: Microcrystalline cellulose, muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm ntau heev ntawm silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab.

Cov Tshuaj Ntsiav Tshuaj: Ib pob khoom muaj 126 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg acarbose txhua tus nrog daim ntawv qhia hnub nyoog. Ib pob khoom muaj 30 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg acarbose txhua. Ib pob khoom muaj 30 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg acarbose txhua.

Pharmacological kev txiav txim
Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics
Kev ntsuas rau siv
Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj
Sab sij huam
Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog Lwm Yam Tshuaj

Pharmacological kev txiav txim. Hauv txhua qhov kev kawm txog cov tsiaj, acarbose exerts nws cov nyhuv hauv txoj hnyuv. Kev ua ntawm acarbose yog ua raws li kev txwv tsis pub muaj cov leeg plab hnyuv (alpha-glucosidase) koom nrog kev txiav tawm ntawm di-, oligo- thiab polysaccharides. Ua raws li cov koob tshuaj, qhov no ua rau muaj qeeb hauv kev zom ntawm cov carbohydrates no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov piam thaj tso tawm qeeb dua los ntawm carbohydrates thiab tau qeeb dua los ntawm cov ntshav. Yog li, acarbose txo qhov nce ntxiv nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib tom qab noj mov. Vim tias muaj kev sib txig sib luag ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov hnyuv, qhov hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav qab zib thaum nruab hnub yog txo thiab cov ntshav qab zib nruab nrab tau raug txo.

Toxicological muaj zog. Mob toxicity Kev tshawb fawb mob toxicity tom qab qhov ncauj thiab tso dej ntawm acarbose tau nqa tawm hauv cov nas, luav thiab dev. Kev kuaj mob ua mob hnyav qhia pom muaj nyob hauv qab no. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no, acarbose tom qab ib qho kev tswj hwm hauv qhov ncauj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tsis muaj tshuaj lom, mus txog qhov ntau npaum li 10g / kg 50 nws tau tsim los ua. Tsis tas li, tsis muaj cov tsos mob toxicity pom nyob hauv ib qho ntawm cov tsiaj cov kev kawm tsis pub dhau kuaj qhov ntsuas. Tom qab kev tswj hwm kev siv tshuaj, cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog tseem ua kom tsis muaj kuab lom.

Tshuaj lom subchronic. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav kam rau ua rau 3 lub hlis hauv nas thiab dev. Acarbose tau kawm hauv cov nas ntawm koob tshuaj 50-450 mg / kg ntawm qhov ncauj. Piv nrog pab pawg tswj hwm, uas tsis tau txais acarbose, tag nrho hematological thiab soj ntsuam-tshuaj tsis tau hloov pauv. Kev kuaj keeb kwm yav dhau los kuj tseem tsis tau muab cov kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm txhua qhov tshuaj. Qhov ncauj qhov ncauj ntawm 50-450 mg / kg kuj tau kawm hauv dev. Piv nrog pab pawg tswj hwm uas tsis tau txais acarbose, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm tus tsiaj lub cev qhov hnyav, ntshav dej alpha-amylase kev ua haujlwm thiab cov ntshav urea concentration tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov khoom kuaj. Hauv txhua pab pawg tau txais cov koob tshuaj sib txawv, muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav tau pom, uas tau hais tawm hauv qhov tseeb tias nrog cov zaub mov tsis tu ncua 350 g ib hnub, qhov ntsuas nruab nrab ntawm cov pab pawg nyob rau thawj plaub lub lim tiam ntawm qhov kev sim tau txo qis.

Tom qab nce tus nqi ntawm kev pub rau 500 g ib hnub nyob rau lub lim tiam 5 ntawm kev sim, qhov ntau ntawm cov tsiaj tseem nyob rau tib theem. Cov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov hnyav, tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv los ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntau dua, yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm pharmacodynamic kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom kuaj, txhim kho qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm isocaloric khoom noj khoom haus (poob ntawm carbohydrates), lawv tsis yog cov nyhuv tsis zoo. Qhov xwm txheej tsis ncaj ntawm kev kho mob, uas yog lub xeev catabolic ntawm lub cev metabolism, pib nrog kev poob phaus, yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab nce siab me me hauv urea. Kev txo qis hauv alpha-amylase kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab zoo li qhov cim ntawm cov tshuaj pharmacodynamic nce ntxiv.

Mob toxicity ntev Kev sim ua ntu zus los ntawm cov nas, dev thiab hamsters, thiab sijhawm siv hauv dev yog 12 lub hlis, nyob rau hauv nas 24 lub hlis thiab hauv hamsters 60 lub lis piam. Hauv kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov nas, ntxiv rau kev puas tsuaj uas ua los ntawm kev siv ntev, cov ua rau mob carcinogenic yuav tsum tau qhia tawm.

Carcinogenicity. Muaj ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb txog cov carcinogenicity. a) Cov pob tsuag Sprague-Dowley tau txais tsis pub dhau 24 - 26 lub hlis nrog cov zaub mov mus txog 4500 μg ntawm acarbose. Muab cov acarbose nrog zaub mov muaj qhov tsis txaus noj haus zoo. Raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov kev sim no, piv nrog kev tswj hwm, lub raum parenchyma (adenoma, hypernephroid carcinoma) tau tshawb pom nyob ntawm cov koob tshuaj qog, thaum tag nrho feem pua ntawm cov qog (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlav hlav hlav) tau raug txo. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov teeb meem tsis txaus, hauv kev tshawb fawb tom ntej, cov tsiaj tau txais cov piam thaj hloov. Hauv koob tshuaj acarbose 4500 mcg thiab hloov ntshav qabzib, lub cev qhov hnyav yog 10% qis dua pawg tswj hwm, ntau ntxiv ntawm lub raum qog tsis pom.

Hauv kev rov ua dua ntawm qhov kev sim yam tsis muaj cov kua nplaum hloov, uas ntev li 26 lub hlis, ib qho kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov neeg mob qog cov ntshav ntawm Leydig cov noob qes tau pom. Hauv txhua pab pawg nrog piam thaj hloov, cov ntsuas ntshav qabzib yog cov kab mob pathologically ntau ntxiv (alimentary ntshav qab zib muaj cov piam thaj ntau). Nrog kev qhia ntawm acarbose siv lub plab zom mov, lub cev nyhav ntawm theem tswj, nce pharmacodynamic nyhuv nrog cov qauv zoo li no raug cais tawm. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov qog yog negligible.

b) Wistar nas tau txais 0 - 4500 μg ntawm acarbose nrog zaub mov lossis hla lub plab txoj siv ntev txog 30 lub hlis. Muab acarbose nrog zaub mov tsis ua rau poob ceeb thawj. Pib nrog 500 mcg ntawm acarbose, lub cecum yog dav. Tag nrho feem pua ntawm cov qog raug txo, tsis muaj qhov taw qhia ntawm kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov qog.

c) Hamsters tau txais 0-4000 μg ntawm acarbose nrog thiab tsis muaj piam thaj hloov hauv 60 lub lis piam. Hauv cov tsiaj txhu nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws, kev nce ntshav hauv cov ntshav siab yog qhov tsis nco qab. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov qog yuav tsis nce.

Kev muaj me nyuam toxicity. Teratogenicity cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua hauv cov nas thiab luav. Hauv ob hom tsiaj no, ntsuas qhov ncauj ntawm 0, 30, 120, thiab 460 mg / kg tau kuaj. Hauv nas, txhaj koob tshuaj tau raug tswj hwm txij li 6 mus rau 15 hnub ntawm kev tso poj niam, hauv luav los ntawm 6 mus rau 18 hnub ntawm gestation. Hauv ob hom tsiaj, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv tau txais nyob rau hauv kev txaus siab ntawm teratogenic nyhuv ntawm acarbose nyob rau hauv cov kev kuaj mob. Kev qoj ib ce tsis tuaj rau hauv pawg txiv neej thiab poj niam tsuas muaj txog li 540 mg / kg ib hnub. Kev siv cov koob tshuaj ntau npaum li 540 mg / kg ib hnub thaum lub sijhawm menyuam mos txoj kev loj hlob thiab lactation tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov nas thiab cov menyuam hauv nas. Tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev siv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab thaum pub niam mis.

Kev Sib Koom. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev hloov tshuaj mutagenicity tsis qhia tau qhov teebmeem genotoxic ntawm acarbose.

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics Glucobay pharmacokinetics tau kawm txog kab ntsig tom qab lub qhov ncauj tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj ntaus cim (200 mg). Txij li ib qho nruab nrab ntawm 35% ntawm txhua qhov xov tooj cua (qhov tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom lag luam uas muaj qhov tsis zoo) tau tso tawm hauv 96 teev, qhov feem pua ntawm kev nqus tau tuaj yeem xav tsawg kawg rau cov kev txwv no. Kev tso zis feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog 1.7% ntawm kev muab koob tshuaj. 51% ntawm kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv 96 teev tau tawm hauv cov quav. Lub zog ntawm qhov ua kom tiav ntawm tag nrho cov radioactivity hauv ntshav muaj ob tug peaks. Thawj qhov siab tshaj plaws nrog kev sib npaug ntawm cov acarbose thaj tsam kwv yees 52.2 +15.7 μg / L tom qab 1.1 + 0.3 teev coincides nrog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj nrog qhov cuam tshuam (49.5 + 26.9 μg / L tom qab 2, 2.1 + 1.6 teev).

Qhov thib ob ntau qhov nruab nrab 586.3 + 282.7 mcg / L thiab tau mus txog tom qab 20.7 + 5.2 teev. Tsis zoo li cov xov tooj cua dav dav, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj inhibitory hauv plasma yog 15-20 units qis dua. Qhov thib ob, siab dua, qhov siab tshaj tom qab 14-24 teev, pom tseeb vim tias kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov kab mob lwj los ntawm qhov tob tob ntawm txoj hnyuv. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj inhibitory los ntawm ntshav yog 3.7 + 2.7 teev rau kev faib tawm theem thiab 9.6 + 4.4 teev rau qib zam. Raws li qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav plasma concentration, qhov faib tawm ntawm 0.39 l / kg lub cev hnyav tuaj yeem raug xam rau cov kab sib chaws.

Bioavailability. Bioavailability yog 1 - 2%. Qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg tsis muaj txiaj ntsig no, raws li txoj kev muaj pov thawj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau yog qhov xav tau thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev kho kom haum.

Kev noj tshuaj ntxiv. Hauv txhua kis, cov koob tshuaj yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob koom, vim tias qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev tiv taus yog qhov sib txawv. Thaum tsis muaj lwm lub hom phiaj, cov tshuaj hauv qab no yog siv: Hauv thawj lub sijhawm: 3 x 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg ntawm acarbose ib hnub lossis 3 x 1/2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg ntawm acarbose rau ib qho khoom plig, ces: 3 x 2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg ntawm acarbose ib hnub lossis 3 x 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg ntawm acarbose ib hnub: txog li: 3 x 2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg ntawm acarbose ib hnub. Cov koob tshuaj yuav nce ntxiv nrog ncua sijhawm ntawm 1 mus rau 2 lub lim tiam, yog tias tsim nyog, thiab thaum kho ntxiv. Yog tias, txawm hais tias yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai noj haus, kev tsis txaus siab tshwm sim, nws tsis pom zoo kom nce ntxiv qhov koob tshuaj, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, txo nws me ntsis. Qhov tshuaj nruab nrab yog 300 mg ntawm acarbose ib hnub (ntsig txog 3 zaug 2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm Glucobaya 50 ib hnub lossis 3 zaug 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm Glucobaya 100 ib hnub).

Glucobaya cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig tsuas yog tias lawv raug noj yam tsis tau ntxo nrog cov kua tsawg tsawg ua ntej noj mov. Lub sijhawm ntawm thov ntawm Glucobay tsis txwv.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum siv glucobai. Hypersensitivity rau acarbose thiab (lossis) lwm yam. Txij li thaum tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg txog ntawm cov teebmeem thiab tiv taus siab rau menyuam yaus thiab tub ntxhais hluas, Glucobai yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo. Cov mob hnyuv muaj tshwm sim nrog kev txiav txim siab kev zom thiab lub cev tsis haum. Cov xwm txheej uas yuav ua rau mob ntxiv vim muaj cov roj hauv cov hnyuv ntxiv (piv txwv li, Remkheld's syndrome, kab mob loj, vos nqos thiab mob plab hnyuv). Thaum cev xeeb tub, Glucobai yuav tsum tsis txhob siv, vim tias tsis muaj kev paub nrog cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Tom qab muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob (acarbose), ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwm hauv cov lactating nas hauv cov mis. Txog ntawm tib neeg, cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam tseem tsis muaj nyob. Txij li thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm acarbose hauv kev pub mis niam los ntawm cov tshuaj tsis raug cais tawm, nws raug pom zoo rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tsis txhob sau cov glucobai thaum lub sijhawm pub mis.

Sab sij huam. Feem ntau qhov ua tsis haum pa thiab pob ntseg tsis hnov, qee zaum mob raws plab thiab mob plab. Yog tias kev noj zaub mov noj tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hnyuv yog nthuav dav. Yog tias, txawm hais tias muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev, los ntawm kev pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob, qhov tshuaj yuav tsum yog ib ntus lossis rau lub sijhawm ntev txo. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev siv Glucobay, ib qho kev asymptomatic (tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab) nce siab hauv daim siab (nce ntxiv hauv transaminases) tshwm sim, uas ploj tag nrho tom qab tshem tawm txoj kev kho glucobai.

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj. Khoom noj muaj suab thaj (kab tsib suab thaj) thiab cov zaub mov muaj suab thaj cov zaub mov, vim muaj ntau dua cov khoom noj ntawm cov carbohydrates hauv plab hnyuv loj thaum kho glucobaemic, tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau mob plab hnyuv thiab ua rau raws plab. Glucobai muaj cov nyhuv antihyperglycemic thiab tsis ua rau cov ntshav qog. Yog hais tias Glucobay tau raug tshaj tawm ntxiv rau sulfonylurea thiab metformin kev npaj lossis insulin, tom qab ntawd nrog kev txo cov ntshav qab zib mus rau thaj tsam hypoglycemic, cov koob tshuaj sulfonylurea thiab metformin lossis insulin yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg. Yog tias qhov mob ntshav qab zib tsawg tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau yug los rau hauv lub siab tias thaum kho nrog Glucobaem, qab zib kev noj qab haus huv ntau qeeb maj mam ua rau fructose thiab qabzib, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog rau kev tshem tawm ntshav sai sai. Raws li, txiv hmab thaj suab thaj yuav tsum siv cov piam thaj uas siv tau (siv piam thaj). Hauv kev sib txuas nrog qhov ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm kev ua ntawm acarbose, kev siv tib lub sijhawm ntawm antacids, cholestyramine, plab hnyuv adsorbents thiab enzyme kev npaj los txhim kho kev zom plab yuav tsum tau zam.

Ceev faj Yog tsis tuaj.

Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Tseem tsis tau paub.

Noj ntau dhau. Raws li kev noj haus ntau dhau ntawm qhov kev tswj hwm tib lub sijhawm ntawm Glucobay, nrog rau cov dej qab zib thiab (lossis) cov tais diav uas muaj cov carbohydrates (poly-, oligo-, disaccharides), kev tsis txaus siab, tsam plab thiab raws plab tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum Glucobai noj hauv kev noj ntau dhau yam tsis noj ib qho khoom noj, ntau qhov tsos mob tshwm sim yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim. Yog tias noj ntau dhau, koj yuav tsum tsis kam haus dej haus thiab tais diav uas muaj carbohydrates (poly-, oligo-, disaccharides) hauv 4-6 teev tom ntej.

Lwm cov lus qhia. Kev ua kom nruj rau kev noj haus zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, tau kawg, kuj tseem tsim nyog rau kev kho mob glucobaemia. Koj tuaj yeem tsis cuam tshuam txoj kev haus tshuaj Glucobay ib txwm tsis muaj kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob, vim tias cov ntshav qab zib yuav nce ntxiv. Hauv cov neeg mob uas tsuas tau kho nrog kev noj zaub mov noj, Glucobai tsis ua rau cov ntshav qog ntshav qab zib. Yog tias thaum lub sijhawm kho nrog Glucobaem vim tsis tshua xav tau tshuaj insulin rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau txais kev kho mob nrog sulfonylurea lossis metformin, kev mob ntshav qab zib tsawg tshwm sim, txiv kab ntxwv piam thaj (tsis yog zaub mov, pas nrig, qab zib) yuav tsum tau noj. Glucobai kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nkag rau hauv daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib.

Txee lub neej. Hauv cov khoom ntim thawj, cov ntsiav tshuaj cia rau 4 xyoos.

Cia rau cov neeg mob. Nyob rau qhov kub tshaj 25 ° C thiab qhov ntsuas kub txheeb ze hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj 75 H, ntsiav tshuaj tshem tawm los ntawm ntim khoom tuaj yeem ua kom txawv. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm zaj duab xis tam sim ua ntej siv.

Lub sijhawm so tshuaj. Raws li kws kho mob qhia. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov tshuaj uas cov nyhuv hauv kev kho mob tsis tau paub zoo. Yog li, tus kws tsim kev lag luam kws kho mob yuav tsum xa tsab ntawv tshaj xo mus rau tsoomfwv cov neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj lub peevxwm paub txog cov kev paub txog kev siv cov tshuaj no raws li Nqe Lus 549, Nqe 6 ntawm Txoj Cai ntawm Tshuaj.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus. Bayer AG 5090 Leverkusen-Bayerwerk

Kev siv cov tshuaj glucobai tsuas yog raws li kws kho mob tau hais tseg, cov lus qhia tau muab rau siv!

Lub cev ua tau yooj yim

Cov ntsiav tshuaj dawb lossis daj daj rau ntawm ib sab ntawm 50 mg ntsiav tshuaj hloov chaw nrog "G 50", 100 ntsiav tshuaj mg - "G 100" nrog ib qho kev ceeb toom, ntawm lwm sab 100 mg ntsiav tshuaj - ntuj txiag teb tsaus, 50 mg ntsiav tshuaj - cim nrog Bayer ntoo khaub lig ,

1 ntsiav tshuaj muaj acarbose 50 mg lossis 100 mg

tus zam: aerosil (colloidal silicon dioxide), magnesium stearate, pob kws nplej siab, microcrystalline cellulose.

Cov chaw muag tshuaj

Kws tshuaj. Cov tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm hauv tshuaj - acarbose, yog pseudotetrasaccharide ntawm keeb kwm microbial. Acarbose ua haujlwm nyob rau theem ntawm txoj hnyuv, tiv thaiv kev ua si ntawm cov hnyuv plab me me (alpha glucosidases), uas koom nrog kev rhuav tshem ntawm di-, oligo- thiab polysaccharides. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj qhov koob tshuaj-ncua sij hawm ncua sij hawm nyob rau hauv kev nqus ntawm carbohydrates, tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev tso tawm qeeb thiab nqus cov piam thaj, uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm rhuav tshem ntawm carbohydrates. Yog li, acarbose qeeb thiab txo qhov kev txhim kho tom qab nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav cov piam thaj. Vim tias kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj ntau dua los ntawm txoj hnyuv, qhov nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev xav thiab qhov nws hloov pauv nyob hauv cov ntshav tsawg dua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev nce nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm glycosylated hemologlobin, acarbose txo nws qib.

Xuas. Kwv yees li ntawm 35% ntawm cov koob tshuaj siv tau muab tso rau hauv hom tshuaj metabolites, tsawg dua 2% hauv daim ntawv nquag. Nws yog metabolized hauv cov hnyuv, feem ntau los ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab thiab ib feem los ntawm kev zom cov ntshav nrog kev tsim tsawg kawg 13 cov tebchaw hauv daim ntawv ntawm sulfate, methyl thiab glucuronic conjugates. Tom qab siv cov tshuaj, muaj ob lub qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm acarbose hauv ntshav ntshav, qhov nruab nrab 52.2 ± 15.7 μg / L tom qab 1.1 ± 0.3 h thiab 586.3 ± 282.7 μg / L tom qab 20 7 ± 5.2 teev, feem. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov pom ntawm lub ncov thib ob yog vim kev nqus ntawm cov kab mob khoom lag luam los ntawm qhov tob ntawm txoj hnyuv.

Kev xa Khoom. Qhov ntim ntawm kev faib tawm yog 0.32 l / kg lub cev hnyav.

Bioavailability. Bioavailability tsuas yog 1-2%. Xws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis tshua muaj feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv yog xav tau txij li acarbose ua haujlwm nyob rau thaj chaw hauv txoj hnyuv me. Dua li ntawm no, bioavailability qis tsis cuam tshuam rau kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj.

Xaus Lub sijhawm ib nrab ntawm lub neej rau kev faib tawm thiab tawm ntawm lub sijhawm yog 3.7 ± 2.7 teev thiab 9.6 ± 4.4 teev, ntsig txog, 51% ntawm cov tshuaj nquag tau tawm los ntawm txoj hnyuv, 1.7% tsis hloov pauv thiab raws li lub zog metabolite, thiab 34% nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm metabolites - dhau los ntawm ob lub raum.

Kev sib xyaw rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm hom II mob ntshav qab zib mellitus nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov kua nplaum tsis haum (PTH *) nrog kev noj haus thiab kev tawm dag zog.

Tsuas tshuaj thiab tswj hwm

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub khob tau teeb tsa ib tus zuj zus rau txhua tus neeg mob, vim tias qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev tiv taus ntawm cov tshuaj yuav txawv.

Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj yam tsis muaj kev zom, nrog me me ntawm kua, tam sim ntawd ua ntej noj mov lossis zom nrog thawj pabcuam ntawm cov khoom noj.

Lub sijhawm kho yog tsis txwv.

Kev sib xyaw rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo.

Thawj koob tshuaj yog 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub lossis ½ ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg 3 zaug ib hnub. Tom qab ntawd, yog tias tsim nyog, cov koob tshuaj tuaj yeem raug nce rau 100 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub (2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub lossis 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub).

Qee qhov xwm txheej, yog tias tsim nyog, cov koob tshuaj yuav raug nce rau 200 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.

Nws raug nquahu kom nce qhov koob tshuaj ntawm tom qab 4-8 lub limtiam yog tias qhov xav tau siv tshuaj tsis tau rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau txhaj dhau los. Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov tsis txaus siab ntawm kev nyob zoo, txawm hais tias yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai noj haus, tom qab ntawd qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum nres, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, txawm tias me ntsis txo. Qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub koob tshuaj Glucobai ® yog 300 mg ntawm acarbose ib hnub.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm hom II mob ntshav qab zib mellitus nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas paub tseeb tias muaj qhov ua rau cov piam thaj tsis haum nrog kev noj haus thiab kev tawm dag zog.

Cov koob tshuaj pom zoo rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom II hauv cov neeg mob uas tsis xav txog cov piam thaj yog 100 mg 3 zaug ib hnub.

Qhov tshuaj thawj zaug yog 50 mg ib hnub ib zaug (1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg lossis ½ ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg ib hnub ib zaug). Hauv 3 lub hlis, cov koob tshuaj tau nce rau 100 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub (2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 50 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub lossis 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 100 mg 3 zaug ib hnub).

Cov neeg laus (laus dua 65 xyoos): Tsis tas yuav txhaj tshuaj kho dua.

Cov neeg mob uas muaj daim siab tsis txaus yuav tsis tau mus txhaj tshuaj.

Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj

Hypersensitivity rau acarbose thiab / lossis excipients.
Mob plab hnyuv muaj ua rau lub plab zom mov thiab nqus ntshav tsis zoo.
Cov mob uas muaj mob ua ke (flatulence) (Remkheld's syndrome, kab mob loj, mob ua paug thiab mob plab hnyuv).
Mob raum tsis ua hauj lwm zoo (kev tshem tawm creatinine)

Noj ntau dhau

Yog tias cov ntshav qabzib ntau dhau ntawm Glucobay ® tau siv ib txhij nrog dej haus thiab / lossis cov khoom noj muaj cov khoom noj (carbohydrate-poly-oligo- lossis disaccharides), kev noj ntau dhau yuav yog tus kab mob raws plab thiab raws plab.

Thaum noj ntau dhau, nws pom zoo kom haus dej haus thiab tais diav uas muaj cov carbohydrates cais tawm los ntawm kev noj haus rau 4-6 teev.

Thaum muaj kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj, tsis muaj kev txhim kho cov tsos mob los ntawm txoj hnyuv yog qhov xav tau sab nraud ntawm kev noj zaub mov.

Daim ntawv thov nta

Nws raug nquahu tias cov qib “mob siab” nce siab hauv thawj 6-12 lub hlis ntawm kev kho mob, txij li thaum siv cov tshuaj, nce ntxiv asymptomatic nyob rau theem ntawm daim siab “mob siab” yog qhov ua tau. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab tsis siv tshuaj, lawv cov kev ua yog ib txwm muaj.

Qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm acarbose hauv cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo tsis tau tsim.

Thaum tsis ua raws li kev noj haus uas kws kho mob sau tseg, muaj kev phiv los ntawm txoj hnyuv huam tuaj ntxiv tuaj. Yog tias cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus ntxiv, txawm hais tias soj ntsuam kev noj haus kom nruj, nws yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob thiab txo qhov kom tsawg li ib pliag lossis ntev.

Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev kho mob nrog Glucobai ®, kev siv sucrose (qab zib zaub mov) thiab cov khoom lag luam muaj nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab zom mov thiab mob plab zom mov vim yog nce fermentation ntawm carbohydrates hauv cov hnyuv.

Glucobai ® nthuav tawm cov nyhuv hypoglycemic, tab sis tsis ua rau kev mob ntshav qab zib hauv cov neeg mob.

Thaum lub sijhawm siv cov tshuaj Glucobai ® sucrose (zaub mov qab zib) ntau dua maj mam tawg mus ua fructose thiab qabzib, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog rau kev kho sai ntawm cov mob ntshav qab zib tsawg. Hauv qhov no, piam thaj yuav tsum siv.

Cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Txij li thaum tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev siv yeeb tshuaj Glucobay ® thaum cev xeeb tub, nws tsis pom zoo kom taw nws rau tus poj niam cev xeeb tub.

Tom qab cov lus qhia ntawm radiolabeled acarbose isotope rau cov poj niam nas thaum lactation, ib qho me me ntawm cov radioactivity tau pom hauv mis. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam hauv tib neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias qhov tshwm sim hauv yeeb tshuaj hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab vim tias muaj acarbose hauv niam mis tsis tso tawm, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws tsis pom zoo kom sau tshuaj Glucobai ® thaum lactation.

Kev cuam tshuam rau kev muaj peev xwm tsav tsheb tsheb thiab tshuab.

Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsav thiab kev siv tshuab.

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Yog tias Glucobai prescribed raug kho ua ke nrog cov tshuaj insulin lossis kev npaj muaj sulfonylureas lossis metformin, cov ntshav qabzib yuav poob mus rau thaj chaw hypoglycemic (hauv qee kis, hypoglycemic coma yuav tsim tawm), uas yuav tsum txo hauv lawv cov koob tshuaj.

Hauv qee qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, acarbose tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev nyab xeeb ntawm digoxin, uas yog qhov xav tau los kho qhov kev noj tshuaj ntawm tom kawg.

Nws tsis pom zoo kom ua ke Glucobai ® nrog cholestyramine, plab hnyuv sorbents thiab kev npaj enzyme vim lawv qhov tshwm sim muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm acarbose.

Tsis pom muaj kev sib txuam tshuaj nrog cov dimethicone / simethicone.

Tso tawm daim ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg

Dosage daim ntawv - cov ntsiav tshuaj coated:

50 mg: puag ncig, biconvex, dawb lossis dawb-daj daj hauv xim, nrog kev sau ua tus ntim ntawm cov "G50" ntawm ib sab thiab tuam txhab cim (Bayer ntoo khaub lig) nyob rau lwm qhov,
100 mg: oblong, biconvex, dawb lossis dawb-daj daj hauv xim, nrog kev nqis siab ntawm ob sab, nrog kev sau ntawm qhov ntau npaum "G100" ntawm ib sab.

Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau ntim rau hauv 15 daim. hauv cov hlwv, 2 lossis 8 lub hlwv tau ntim rau hauv lub thawv ntawv thawv.

Cov khoom siv nquag: acarbose, hauv 1 ntsiav tshuaj - 50 lossis 100 mg.

Ntu cov khoom siv: anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide, pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose.

Pharmacological kev txiav txim siab ntawm Glucobay

Glucobai yog tus sawv cev hypoglycemic rau kev siv lub qhov ncauj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis haum ntawm cov tshuaj yog acarbose. Qhov tshuaj no tswj cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav.

Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm li cas? Acarbose yog ib yam khoom uas inhibits hnyuv alpha glucosidase. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nquag tseem ua rau txo qis kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tsis sib haum, oligosaccharides thiab polysaccharides rau monosaccharides. Vim tias qhov no, tus nqi ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm txoj hnyuv txo.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tias nrog kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj, qhov mob ntshav qab zib siab tsis hnyav zuj zus. Kev noj tshuaj tsis tu ncua txo qis kev phom sij:

Myocardial infarction.
Qhov tawm tsam ntawm hypoglycemia thiab hyperglycemia.
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob mus ntev ntawm cov hlab plawv.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov ntshav tau pom tom qab 1-2 teev. Nquag cov tshuaj tsis haum ntawm cov tshuaj tawm tom qab txoj hnyuv, raum thiab mob siab.

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj

Thaum xaiv Glucobai, cov lus qhia rau kev siv yuav tsum kawm, vim tias nws muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev qhia, contraindications thiab phiv. Nyob rau hauv qhov rooj plaub twg nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom noj cov tshuaj no?

Cov lus qhia tau hais tias cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hom 1. Kuj tseem qhia txog kev siv yog hom ntshav qab zib 2. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj rau kev rog thiab mob ntshav qab zib.

Tab sis kom poob phaus nrog kev pab ntawm Glucobay yog ua tau yog tias koj ua raws li cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias tus neeg poob ceeb thawj yuav tsum haus tsawg kawg 1000 kilocalories ib hnub. Txwv tsis pub, mob ntshav nce siab ntau tuaj yeem tshwm sim, nce mus txog qhov ua rau lub plawv tsis muaj ntshav qab zib.

Yuav noj cov tshuaj li cas? Haus tshuaj ua ntej noj mov. Thawj qhov tshuaj yog 150 mg. Faib qhov tshuaj txhua hnub rau hauv 3 koob. Yog tias tsim nyog, qhov koob tshuaj tau nce txog 600 mg. Tab sis hauv qhov no, qhov tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tau muab faib ua 3-4 zaug.

Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm kho txoj kev kho mob tus neeg mob tau flatulence thiab raws plab, ces ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum raug txo, lossis txoj kev kho yuav tsum cuam tshuam nrog txhua yam. Lub sijhawm kho nrog Glucobaem yog xaiv ntawm tus kheej.

Contraindications kom noj cov ntsiav tshuaj:

Kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov feem ntawm cov tshuaj.
Cov me nyuam lub hnub nyoog. Cov tshuaj tsis tau sau tseg rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.
Lub xub ntiag muaj mob ceev los yog mob plab hnyuv. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob qhia tias cov tshuaj txaus ntshai los kho rau cov neeg uas mob plab hnyuv.
Ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis.
Kev ua txhaum nyob rau hauv daim siab. Nws raug txwv tsis pub siv cov tshuaj yog tias ib tug neeg mob siab ua daim siab tsis ua haujlwm, mob ntshav siab lossis mob siab.
Ulcerative lesions lub plab hnyuv lossis lwm yam plab hnyuv ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub.
Lub sijhawm lactation. Tab sis cov lus qhia tau hais tias cov tshuaj tuaj yeem raug muab rau lactating cov poj niam yuav raug ncua ib ntus ntawm kev pub niam mis.
Cov raum tsis ua haujlwm (nrog cov ntsiab lus creatinine saum toj 2 ml ib 1 dl).
Remgeld's mob.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm loj hernias nyob rau hauv plab phab ntsa.
Malabsorption syndrome lossis maldigestion.

Nrog kev ceev faj, cov tshuaj yog raug rau tib neeg tom qab kev phais mob. Tsis tas li, kev hloov kho ntawm kev kho mob kuj yuav tsim nyog yog tias tus neeg mob tau kis mob los yog kub ib ce. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum kho kev kho mob, cov khoom noj uas muaj sucrose ntau dua tsis tuaj yeem noj. Txwv tsis pub, cov tsos mob dyspeptic yuav tshwm sim.

Glucobai cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj li cas? Nws tau pom tias cov tshuaj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias cov hnyuv ntxaum, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme tau noj nrog nws. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau yug hauv siab tias nrog kev siv tib lub sijhawm ntawm Glucobay nrog sulfonylurea derivatives lossis insulin, cov nyhuv hypoglycemic yog kho kom zoo.

Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob siv cov cuab yeej no nrog thiazide diuretics, tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj, corticosteroids, nicotinic acid. Nrog lawv cov kev cuam tshuam, decompensation ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem tsim kho. Tsis tas li, cov kab mob pathology no tuaj yeem tsim kho yog tias koj noj phenothiazines, estrogens, isoniazids, calcium channel blockers, adrenomimetics tib lub sijhawm ua Glucobai.

Thaum siv cov ntsiav tshuaj Glucobai, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim:

Los ntawm cov mob plab zom mov: mob epigastric, xeev siab, raws plab, plab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm overdose, muaj ib qho ua tau ntawm asymptomatic nce nyob rau hauv theem ntawm kev ua si ntawm daim siab enzymes. Kuj tseem paub tias muaj mob tshwm sim thaum txhaws hnyuv, mob daj ntseg thiab mob qog nqaij hlav thaum kho.
Kev ua xua tsis haum.
O o.

Yog tias dhau ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau, tus mob anaphylactic yuav tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, kev kho cov tsos mob raug ua.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws analogue ntawm Glucobay

Yog hais tias Glucobay yog contraindicated rau ib qho laj thawj, ces tus neeg mob tau muab nws pawg ua ke. Undoubtedly, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev hloov kho rau cov cuab yeej no yog Glucofage. Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm hom 1 thiab ntshav qab zib hom 2. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj hauv khw muag tshuaj yog 500-700 rubles.

Coob leej ntau tus nyiam dab tsi yog dab tsi txawv ntawm Glucofage thiab Glucobay. Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev ua. Tab sis ob qho tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam.

Glucophage ua hauj lwm li cas? Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nquag hu ua metformin. Qhov tshuaj yeeb dej caw no muaj cov lus qhia hypoglycemic. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib cov ntshav siab li qub, metformin tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim hypoglycemic.

Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm Glucofage yog ua raws li lub peev xwm ntawm nws txoj kev sib txuam txhawm rau nce cov kev nkag siab ntawm cov hlwb rau insulin thiab txo tus nqi ntawm cov kua nplaum nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv. Yog li, cov tshuaj pab rau:

Cov suab thaj tsawg tsawg hauv lub siab.
Stimulation ntawm cov piam thaj kev siv nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij.
Txhim kho cov metabolism hauv lipid.
Cov roj (cholesterol) qis dua, triglycerides thiab lipoproteins, uas tsis muaj ntau yam tsawg.

Glucophage yuav txawv los ntawm nws cov hauj lwm zoo los ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic. Qhov no vim yog qhov tseeb tias lub tshuaj muaj cov cim qhia siab ntawm bioavailability. Lawv ua li ntawm 50-60%. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav yog pom tom qab 2.5 teev.

Yuav noj cov tshuaj li cas? Koj yuav tsum haus cov ntsiav tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm lossis ua ntej noj mov. Qhov koob tshuaj txhua hnub feem ntau yog 2-3 grams (2000-3000 milligrams). Yog tias tsim nyog, tom qab 10-15 hnub, qhov koob tshuaj tau nce lossis nqis. Cov koob tshuaj saib xyuas yog 1-2 grams. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias kev siv tshuaj txhua hnub yuav txawv. Ntau txoj hauv kev, nws yog txiav txim siab los ntawm koob tshuaj insulin.

Cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub nrog:

Kev ua xua rau cov Cheebtsam ntawm glucophage.
Tsis hlauv.
Kev ua txhaum ntawm daim siab.
Lub cev qhuav dej.
Kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm.
Kis tau cov kab mob.
Cov kab mob lactic acidosis.
Mob qab zib coma.
Mob myocardial infarction (keeb kwm).
Hypocaloric noj (tsawg dua 1000 kilocalories ib hnub).
Cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.

Thaum siv cov tshuaj, cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov, CCC thiab hematopoietic system tuaj yeem tsim kho. Tseem muaj qhov tseem ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm kev zom zaub mov tsis txaus. Feem ntau, cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwm sim nrog overdose.

Daim vis dis aus hauv tsab xov xwm no hais txog sab zoo thiab tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj Glucobay.