Yuav ua li cas noj rau Octolipen rau cov ntshav qab zib?

Cev xeeb tub thiab lactating noj Octolipen tsis pom zoo, txij li lub sijhawm tam sim no tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej txog kev siv nws cuam tshuam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam thiab seb nws puas cuam tshuam rau cov kua mis.

Raws li cov lus qhia, Oktolipen thaum cev xeeb tub yog contraindicated vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam txaus ntawm kev siv thioctic acid nyob rau lub sijhawm no.

Hauv chav kawm txog kev tshawb fawb txog kev mob toxicity, kev muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm embryotoxic thiab teratogenic ntawm cov tshuaj tsis tau txheeb xyuas.

Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Txhawm rau cov kev kho mob los ua cov khoom lag luam, cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum raug xam tias:

• Oktolipen txhim kho kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov ncauj hypoglycemic thiab insulin,
• thaum noj ua ke, cov tshuaj yuav txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm Cisplatin,
• kev npaj muaj hlau, magnesium lossis calcium yuav tsum noj ua ntej lossis tom qab Oktolipen nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob peb teev,
• cov tshuaj pab txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm glucocorticosteroids,
• nyob rau hauv kev haus dej cawv, lub txiaj ntsig ntawm Octolipen nws tus kheej txo.

Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hloov cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas thiab tuav lub sijhawm ua ntu zus. Txawm hais tias nws zoo dua los zam kev sib txuas cov tshuaj no nrog cov txhais tau tias tsis tsim nyog.

Qee zaum cov neeg mob tsis kam noj cov tshuaj no thiab tau hais kom xaiv cov tshuaj analogues dua. Lwm cov xwm txheej, yuav tau hloov chaw vim yog muaj teeb meem nrog cov tshuaj no tshwj xeeb.

Cov tshuaj tsis raws cai suav nrog:

Thiogamma yog ib yam khoom siv uas pabcuam kev zom zaub mov. Lub teb chaws ntawm cov tshuaj no yog Lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm:

• ntsiav tshuaj
• Txoj kev lis ntshav tov (hauv droppers),
• mloog zoo rau kev lag luam ntawm kev daws teeb meem (kev txhaj tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm ampoule).

Cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj cov khoom tseem ceeb - thioctic acid, nyob rau hauv kev daws teeb meem - meglumine ntsev ntawm thioctic acid, thiab nyob rau hauv mloog zoo rau sab hauv infusions - meglumine thioctate. Ib qho ntxiv, txhua daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv sib txawv.

Thioctic acid (lub npe thib ob yog alpha lipoic) yog tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant hauv lub cev. Nws txo qis ntshav qab zib thiab nce qib ntawm glycogen hauv daim siab, uas, nyeg, kov yeej cov tshuaj insulin tsis kam.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thioctic acid tswj cov metabolism hauv lipids, carbohydrates thiab roj (cholesterol). Nws txhim kho daim siab ua haujlwm thiab trophic neurons, ua rau lub cev muaj cov co toxins.

Feem ntau, alpha lipoic acid muaj cov teebmeem hauv qab no:

• hepatoprotective
• lipid-tej,
• hypocholesterolemic,
• tshuaj qog ntshav.

Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, alpha-lipoic acid normalizes endoneural ntshav txaus, nce qib ntawm glutathione, vim li ntawd, muaj kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha.

Thioctic acid yog dav siv rau cov hom phiaj ua kom zoo nkauj: nws smoothes wrinkles rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, txo kev ua kom tawv nqaij, kho cov tawv nqaij, zoo li cov kab mob ntawm pob txuv, thiab zawm pores.

Qhov ua rau lub ntsej muag ntawm Oktolipen nce ntxiv yog tias insulin thiab ntsiav tshuaj npaj ntawm cov nyhuv zoo ib yam rau tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav qab zib poob mus rau ib qib tseem ceeb.

Yog tias cov kev sib txuas ua ke ntawm kev siv tshuaj yog tsim nyog, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum nrog soj ntsuam xyuas cov ntshav qabzib kom tsis tu ncua. Yog tias qhov tsis tsim nyog qhov kev kuaj pom tau, cov koob tshuaj insulin lossis lwm yam tshuaj hypoglycemic yog kho tau.

Thaum lub sijhawm noj tshuaj, ib qho yuav tsum yauv tsum tsis txhob haus cawv: cov tshuaj kho of-lipoic acid tsawg dua nyob rau hauv cawv ntawm ethyl cawv. Nyob rau ntawm muaj Oktollipen, qhov kev ua rau kev kho mob ntawm cisplatin kuj txo qis. Thioctic acid tsis sib haum nrog ringer thiab dextrose kev daws teeb meem.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom thim kev tswj hwm tib lub sijhawm ntawm Oktolipen nrog hlau thiab magnesium npaj, ntxiv rau kev siv cov khoom siv mis ua haujlwm nrog nws. Yog tias Oktolipen tau noj thaum sawv ntxov, tom qab ntawd kev npaj thiab cov khoom muaj cov calcium, magnesium thiab hlau yuav tsum tseg nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj. Nyob hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm α-lipoic acid, qhov ua los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm glucocorticosteroids yog kho kom zoo.

• cisplatin - nws cov nyhuv txo thaum ua ke nrog thioctic acid nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tov rau infusion,
• qhov ncauj hypoglycemic tus neeg sawv cev, insulin - cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj no kho kom zoo,
• glucocorticosteroids - lawv cov nyhuv cuam tshuam nce,
• ethanol thiab nws cov metabolites - kev ua haujlwm ntawm thioctic acid tsis muaj zog txaus,
• kev npaj ntawm calcium, magnesium thiab hlau - nrog tib lub sijhawm tswj hwm qhov ncauj, nws muaj peev xwm los ua ib txoj hauv kev nrog cov hlau (ib qho sib tawg ntawm cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev no thiab Oktolipen yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 2 teev).

Qhov npaj tau daws rau qhov ua paug ntshav yog tsis sib xws nrog cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm levulose, qabzib, Lub hauv paus cov kua, nrog cov khoom sib txuas (suav nrog lawv cov kev daws teeb meem) uas cuam tshuam nrog disulfide thiab SH pawg.

Thaum thioctic acid cuam tshuam nrog suab thaj molecules, soluble cov tebchaw tsim.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

Noj Octolipen raws li cov cai hauv qab no:

1. Kev npaj ntsiav tshuaj tsuas yog siv ntawm qhov ncauj thiab tsuas yog ntawm lub plab xwb. Tsis txhob zom los yog zom.
2. Kev siv tshuaj rau ntau npaum li cas yog 600 mg, tab sis yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem nce nws.
3. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ntawm lub chav kho mob yog nyob ntawm thaj chaw kho mob cov duab thiab qib lus ntawm kev kho.
4. Kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum raug txhaj rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav. Txhawm rau npaj qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, koj xav tau 1-2 ampoules ntawm yeeb tshuaj. Lawv tau diluted hauv kev daws ntawm sodium chloride.
5. Kev siv li ib txwm siv thaum siv cov kua tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog 300-600 mg. Lub sijhawm ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawd yuav txawv.
6. Ntau zaus, thaum pib theem ntawm kev kho, ib qho kev daws teeb meem siv (2-4 lub lis piam), thiab tom qab ntawd tus neeg mob hloov mus rau Oktolipen hauv ntsiav tshuaj.

Kev xaiv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj noj yog nqa tawm ntawm tus kheej. Qhov no tau cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau ntau yam, thiab tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem coj lawv mus rau hauv tus account.

Ua ntej noj cov tshuaj no, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi pathologies nws yog siv rau. Kev qhia rau kev siv tshuaj Tiogamma yog:

1. Mob ntshav qab zib neuropathy yog qhov ua txhaum ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov txuas nrog qhov yeej ntawm cov hlab ntsha me hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.
2. Polyneuropathy yog qhov txhab mob ntau ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
3. Mob siab pathologies - kab mob siab, mob ntshav siab, rog ploj zuj zus.
4. Kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntaws rau qhov kawg vim kev haus cawv.
5. Kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cev (nceb, ntsev ntawm cov hlau nyhav, thiab lwm yam).

Kev siv cov tshuaj nyob ntawm nws daim ntawv tso tawm. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiav tshuaj (600 mg) yog noj ntawm qhov ncauj, tsis tas yuav zom thiab haus nrog dej, ib hnub ib zaug. Cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob kav ntev mus txog 1 txog 2 hlis, nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Rov ua dua kev kho mob yog pom zoo 2-3 zaug hauv ib xyoos.

Kev qhia ntawm cov tshuaj Thiogamma Turbo tshwm sim los ntawm niam txiv los ntawm kev tso ntshav nrog kua ntshav. Cov ampoule muaj 600 mg ntawm qhov daws, qhov tshuaj txhua hnub yog 1 ampoule. Cov tshuaj tau muab tshuaj maj mam txaus, feem ntau kwv yees li 30 feeb, kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv tshuaj nrog cuam tshuam nrog sai sai ntawm kev daws. Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob kav ntev li 2 txog 4 lub lim tiam.

Cov mloog zoo rau cov tshuaj infusion yog npaj raws li cov hauv qab no: 1 ampoule (600 mg) ntawm Tiogamma npaj yog tov nrog 50-250 mg ntawm sodium tov tshuaj (0.9%). Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom npaj tau ntim rau hauv lub raj mis yog them nrog lub teeb kis-kev tiv thaiv. Tom ntej no, txoj kev daws teeb meem yog muab cov tshuaj tam sim ntawd tso (txog 30 feeb). Qhov ntau cia lub sij hawm ntawm qhov kev npaj daws tau yog 6 teev.

Cov tshuaj yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus tsaus uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv cov menyuam yaus ntawm qhov kub tsis tshaj 25C. Lub txee lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj no yog 5 xyoos.

Dosages yog nruab nrab. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tau tuaj yeem sau tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj no, txhim kho kev kho mob thiab suav qhov ntau npaum li cas raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob.

Nyob rau hauv muaj ntau tus kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha xov xwm thiab cov teeb meem hauv lub cev tsis txaus siab, cov kws txawj pom zoo kom noj Oktolipen. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj lipoic acid tso cai rau kev siv tshuaj yaj yeeb hauv kev kho cov kab mob hauv qab no:

• polyneuropathy, ntshav qab zib los yog dej caw muaj keeb kwm,
• insulin tsis kam hauv hom 1 thiab ntshav qab zib hom 2
• rog fibrosis,
• kab mob siab
• atherosclerosis
• pancreatitis
• cholecystitis.

Thioctic acid, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj, muaj cov nyhuv insulin zoo li, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrawm ntawm cov piam thaj. Nws txoj kev nqus sai, nrog rau kev ua kom cov rog metabolism, pab txo qhov hnyav, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv rau qhov kev poob phaus.

Kev qhia rau kev siv Oktolipen pom zoo nws rau ntshav qab zib, vim nws txhim kho qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej insulin thiab tshuaj uas hloov nws

Kev siv cov antioxidant no tsis pub siv rau cov pojniam cev xeeb tub thiab cov pojniam, nrog rau menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 16 xyoo. Qhov txwv rau ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tau tsim los vim nws cov nyhuv tsis nkag siab zoo. Nrog kev ceev faj, koj yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj rau cov tsav tsheb, vim tias qhov pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav qog ntshav qab zib.

Qhia cov tshuaj hauv cov chav kawm los ntawm 1 mus rau 3 hlis. Lub sijhawm kho thiab ntau npaum li cas yog nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav, thiab txiav txim siab rau txhua tus neeg mob. Kev hloov pauv ntawm txoj kev lis ntshav thiab daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho. Oktolipen muaj ntau hom:

• tshuaj thiab tsiav tshuaj
• cov tshuaj tov hauv ampoules.

Hauv cov theem pib ntawm cov kab mob thiab rau kev poob phaus, yuav tsum tau noj lipoic acid txhua hnub yog qhov tsim nyog. Ntsiav tshuaj thiab tsiav tshuaj haus cawv tsuas yog 1 zaug hauv ib hnub, txog tav su. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj thiab noj tshais yuav tsum 25-30 feeb. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ib hnub twg tso cai rau kev kho mob lossis prophylaxis tsis pub tshaj 600 mg.

Tshuaj kev tswj hwm ntawm Okolipen pom zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob hnyav polyneuropathy. Nws kuj tseem raug suav tias yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho mob nyuaj, rau kev lom, tshem tawm kab mob siab thiab mob plab hnyuv. Txoj kev daws teeb meem yog npaj tam sim ua ntej tswj hwm, vim tias cov tshuaj muaj zog thiab tsis zoo tawm ntawm nws lub zog tom qab kev sib cuag nrog lub teeb ntev.

Ib qho 0.9% sodium chloride tov yog siv los mus nyeem cov mloog zoo. Nws yog txwv tsis pub mus nws nyob rau hauv cov kua qabzib, txij li thaum chwv nws, cov kev kho yuav ploj mus. Cov tshuaj tiav tau muab tshuaj rau dej, nqus dej, 1 zaug thaum sawv ntxov, chav kawm ntawm txoj kev kho tau mus txog 1 hlis. Rau ib qho txhaj tshuaj, qhov ntim ntawm saline yog 250 ml, nrog ntxiv ntawm ob lub ampoules ntawm cov concentrate.

Rau cov neeg uas tau noj tshuaj Octolipen 600 tsiav tshuaj lossis ntsiav tshuaj, cov lus qhia rau kev siv suav nrog kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub thaum sawv ntxov ntawm lub plab khoob ib nrab teev ua ntej noj mov. Kev noj zaub mov zoo ib txhij txo cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj. Kev zom thaj thiab zom cov ntsiav tshuaj kuj tsis pom zoo.

• Cov koob tshuaj pom zoo yog 1 daim. (600 mg) 1 lub sijhawm / hnub.

Kauj ruam kev kho mob yog ua tau: tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm cov tshuaj pib tom qab 2-4 lub lis piam chav kawm niam txiv kev tswj hwm ntawm thioctic acid. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev noj cov ntsiav tshuaj yog 3 hli. Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev kho nrog Oktolipen qhia txog kev siv ntev dua. Lub sijhawm sijhawm nkag yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws khomob tuaj koom.

• ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy,
• cawv polyneuropathy.

Cov tshuaj ntsiav, cov ntsiav tshuaj

Okolipen tsiav tshuaj thiab ntsiav tshuaj tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj, ntawm lub plab khoob, ib nrab teev ua ntej noj tshais, tsis tas yuav zom thiab tsis tsoo, nrog rau cov kua txaus.

Cov tshuaj raug pom zoo kom noj ib hnub ib zaug hauv koob tshuaj 600 mg (2 tsiav tshuaj / 1 ntsiav tshuaj). Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev teem sijhawm kho mob yog ua tau: thaum thawj 2 weeks4 lub lim tiam ntawm qhov kev kawm, thioctic acid raug tswj iv hauv daim ntawv ntawm infusions (siv mloog zoo), thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntsiav tshuaj noj hauv ib koob tshuaj.

Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Octolipen 600 mg ntsiav tshuaj tsis pom zoo rau ntau dua 3 lub hlis, tab sis yog tias tsim nyog, raws li kws kho mob tau sau tseg, kev siv cov tshuaj yuav ntev dua.

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv Oktolipen

Los npaj cov kev lis ntshav tov, koj yuav tsum tau dilute 1 lossis 2 ampoules hauv 50-250 ml ntawm 0.9% sodium chloride tov. Txoj kev hais daws tau muab tshuaj rau tib leeg. Nws siv ib zaug ib hnub rau 300-600 mg rau 2-4 lub lis piam. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau kev kho qhov ncauj.

Cov khoom muaj qhov muag xim, uas txhais tau tias cov ampoules yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tiv thaiv cov ntim nrog kev daws los ntawm lub teeb thaum lub sijhawm infusion, piv txwv li, siv ntawv ci lossis lub hnab tiv thaiv lub teeb. Txoj kev daws teeb meem tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus thiab siv rau li 6 teev tom qab kev npaj.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob tau sau ib chav ntawm kev kho mob nrog Octolipen, ces nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

1. lipoic acid yuav xav tau hloov pauv ntawm lwm cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom noj,
2. yog tias cov tshuaj muaj nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav siv glucometer, hloov pauv ntawm cov koob tshuaj hypoglycemic,
3. cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj muaj ntsis zoo ib yam hauv cov tshuaj B vitamins, tab sis nws tsis yog cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv. Siv cov khoom lag luam yam tsis tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Pharmacological kev txiav txim

Lipoic acid yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev thaum lub zog oxidative txheej txheem ntawm keto acids. Nws lub peev xwm los tshem tawm cov lus teb ntawm metabolic mus rau insulin tau ua pov thawj. Lipoic acid cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau daim siab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntshav qab zib hom 2.

Cov tshuaj tam sim no feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev rog yog tias muaj kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 lossis tsis muaj kev kuaj mob.

Lipoic acid ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub cev rog. Hauv qab ntawm cov kua qaub no, cov rog rog tau tawg thiab ntau ntau lub zog tso tawm. Rau qhov kev poob phaus, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv los ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm thiab ua raws li kev noj haus kho mob.

Lipoic acid ntes cov carbohydrates, tab sis hloov lawv kom tsis txhob adipose nqaij, tab sis mus rau cov leeg nqaij, qhov chaw uas lawv tau siv lossis siv rau cov leeg ua haujlwm. Yog li, cov tshuaj siv los txo tus luj tsuas yog ua ke nrog kev noj haus thiab kis las.

Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias thioctic acid tsis muaj cov nyhuv anabolic ncaj qha.

Oktolipen txo cov lactic acid zoo hauv cov leeg nqaij uas ua rau thaum qoj ib ce. Ib tus neeg tau txais txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev nquag thiab lub caij nyoog ntev, uas cuam tshuam zoo rau kev nyob zoo ntawm ib tug neeg thiab nws lub ntsej muag.

Lipoic acid nce qabzib los ntawm kev mob hlwb. Yog li, txawm tias kev kawm me me yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ib txwm ua rau cov xwm txheej tom qab haus dej tshuaj yej. Nws yuav tsum tau yug los rau hauv lub siab tias thaum ua cov kev tawm dag zog, cov metabolism hauv cov hlwb nce sai, thiab muaj ntau ntawm cov radicals dawb tshwm sim, uas yooj yim neutralized los ntawm lipoic acid.

Cov kev sib txuam thiab cov cim

Oktolipen raug tshuaj rau cov neeg uas tsim cov polyneuropathy ntawm ntshav qab zib thiab haus cawv cawv cov keeb kwm.

Nws kuj tseem qhia txog kev mob ntsws thiab neuralgia, intoxication nrog ntsev ntawm cov hlau hnyav. Cov neeg uas muaj siab rhiab yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj nrog ceev faj.

Thaum siv cov tshuaj no, cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no yog feem ntau:

1. kub siab, xeev siab, ntuav,
2. qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj,
3. ntshav qog.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj haus ntau yog:

Yog hais tias thaum noj thioctic acid nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj ntawm 10 txog 40 g, ntau dua kaum ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 600 mg, lossis ntawm ib koob tshuaj ntau dua 50 mg rau ib phaus ntawm lub cev hnyav hauv cov menyuam yaus, tom qab ntawd qhov pom ntawm:

1. psychomotor ntxhov siab lossis qhov muag plooj plooj,
2. qaug dab peg feem ntau,
3. muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm cov kua qaub-lub hauv paus tshuav nyiaj nrog cov kab mob lactic acidosis,
4. hypoglycemia (mus txog rau qhov uas coma),
5. mob leeg pob txha mob necrosis,
6. hemolysis
7. Cov tsos mob DIC
8. hlwb pob txha tsub,
9. ntau yam hauv nruab nrog cev tsis ua haujlwm.

Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj siv thiab ib qho kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tshwm sim, tsev kho mob sai thiab kev siv ntsuas kev ntsuas raws li cov ntsiab lus dav dav hauv kev mob ntawm kev raug mob lom yog qhov tseem ceeb. Koj tuaj yeem:

• ntxias kom ntuav
• yaug lub plab
• nqa hluav ncaig ua kom sov.

Kev kho mob ntawm kev qaug dab peg, lactic acidosis thiab lwm yam kev phom sij ntawm lub neej yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev saib xyuas hnyav thiab yog qhov tsos mob. Yuav tsis nqa txiaj ntsig:

1. hemoperfusion,
2. hemodialysis
3. txoj kev pom thaum thioctic acid tawm los.

Nqi thiab analogues

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj Okolipen tsis yog qhov siab tshaj plaws. Cov tshuaj ntsiav muaj 300 mg ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb yuav raug nqi 310 rubles.

Octolipen 600 mg ntsiav tshuaj yuav raug nqi li 640 rubles. Hauv cov khw muag tshuaj, koj tseem tuaj yeem pom alpha lipoic acid nws tus kheej. Nws raug nqi tsawg kawg - tsuas yog 80 rubles. Tus nqi ntawm Tiolept yog txog 600 rubles, Tiogamma nqi 200 rubles, Espa-lipon - txog 800 rubles.

Txhais tau hais tias tsis sib txawv hauv kev ua tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem sib hloov pauv ntawm lwm tus:

1. Tiolepta
2. Berlition,
3. Lipothioxone
4. Alpha lipoic acid,
5. Tiogamma
6. Thioctacid
7. Lipamide
8. Neuro lipone
9. Es Lias lipon
10. Thiolipone.

Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws, tam sim no yog cov tshuaj Neyrolipon, nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau Oktolipen.

Thioctic acid yog nyob rau hauv kev daws ntawm Thioctacid, thiab thioctate trometamol yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj.

Thioctacid yog ib hom tshuaj metabolic uas pab txo cov tsos mob ntshav qab zib thiab haus dej cawv nephropathy.

• antioxidant
• hypoglycemic,
• hepatoprotective cov nyhuv.

Thioctacid normalizes cov kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cev, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2.

Nws muaj ntau hom tshuaj:

Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob endogenous. Qhov muaj nyob rau hauv lub cev muab:

1. yam qab zib raug tshem tawm,
2. normalization ntawm trophic neurons,
3. kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm kev nqis tes ntawm co toxins,
4. txo tus cwj pwm ntawm tus kab mob.

Cov tshuaj antioxidant no ib txwm muaj hauv lub cev hauv qhov ntau npaum li cas, thiab txhawb nqa nws ib txwm ua haujlwm.

Cov tshuaj nquag uas muaj nyob hauv cov tshuaj Thioctacid tau nrawm thiab nrawm, thiab qee tawm ntawm lub cev tawm hauv thaj tsam ib nrab ib teev. Tab sis kev siv cov tshuaj nrog cov zaub mov cuam tshuam rau kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb. Bioavailability yog 20%.

Yeej, metabolism yog ua tiav los ntawm oxidation thiab kev sib txuas. Thim ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj yog nqa tawm los ntawm ob lub raum. Thioctacid feem ntau yog kho rau cov mob ntshav qab zib neuropathies.

Xws li cov tshuaj no kuj tau sau tseg rau daim siab pathologies. Piv txwv li, ib qho tshuaj kho yog los ntawm:

• mob ntsws
• kab mob siab
• rog tsis pom kev,
• fibrosis.

Thioctacid ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kev phiv tshuaj lom neeg uas hloov mus ua hlau.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm ampoules yog txog 1,500 rubles, ntsiav tshuaj raug nqi txij li 1,700 txog 3,200 rubles.

Txiav txim siab saib qhov twg zoo dua: Thioctacid lossis Oktolipen, tus kws kho mob koom nrog yuav pab. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lipoic acid rau cov ntshav qab zib yuav tau them rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.

Kev Sib Sau thiab daim ntawv ntawm tso tawm

Octolipene hauv ampoules yog qhov kev npaj siab npaj rau kev npaj ntawm kev daws rau kev tswj hwm dej khov. Cov tsos ntawm cov tsis muaj zog yog cov kua ntshiab ua kua ntsuab daj.

1 milliliter ntawm cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj nquag thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 30 mg, 1 ampoule muaj 300 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag.

Ntu cov khoom siv: ethylene diamine, disodium edetate, dej distilled.

Daim ntawv tso tawm: ampoules los ntawm iav tsaus, ntim - 10 millilitres. Ntim - pob khoom ntawm cardboard, hauv ib pob ntawm 5 ampoules.

Kuj, cov tshuaj tau nthuav tawm hauv lwm hom - Oktolipen 300 tsiav tshuaj thiab Oktolipen 600 ntsiav tshuaj.

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics

Nrog kev tswj hwm txoj kev daws teeb meem, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 25-38 μg / ml, AUC yog li 5 μg h / ml. V_d - txog 450 ml / kg.

Cov tshuaj nquag - thioctic acid tawg rau hauv metabolites hauv daim siab los ntawm sab saw oxidation thiab kev sib txuas. Alpha lipoic acid thiab nws cov metabolites yog cov tawm ntawm cov raum hauv qhov ntau npaum li 80-90%. Ib nrab-lub neej yog 20-50 feeb. Tag nrho cov ntshav ua kom tshem tawm yog 10-15 milliliters ib feeb.

Octolipen tau sau tseg rau hauv qab no:

• ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy,
• cawv neuropathy.

Sab sij huam

Kev siv tshuaj yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv:

• kev ua xua - urticaria thiab tsev hais plaub daim tawv nqaij, cov kab mob ua xua uas ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj anaphylactic,
• nyob rau ib feem ntawm cov metabolism - kev txhim kho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog ntshav qab zib, uas cuam tshuam nrog txhim kho kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj,
• nyob rau ib feem ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb - pom cov kab ke thiab diplopia (lawv tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj nrog kev daws teeb meem),
• los ntawm cov ntshav coagulation system - pinpoint hemorrhages nyob rau hauv mucous daim nyias nyias thiab daim tawv nqaij, thrombocytopathy, hemorrhagic pob, raws li zoo li thrombophlebitis,
• lwm tus - nce siab ntawm intracranial siab, cov tsos ntawm kev xav ntawm hnyav nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, ua pa nyuaj, zoo li cov tsos mob muaj peev xwm nrog kev qhia sai sai ntawm kev daws teeb meem infravenously.

Cov teeb meem tshwm sim yuav ploj mus ntawm lawv tus kheej.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Hauv cov neeg mob uas mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, kev tshuaj xyuas ntshav qabzib ntau zaus yog tsim nyog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho. Qee qhov xwm txheej, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj kom tsawg ntawm cov kab mob hypoglycemic.

Thaum kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis txhob txwv tsis pub haus dej haus cawv, vim tias ethanol txo qis kho kom zoo ntawm thioctic acid.

Cov Cai Siv Tshuaj So

Cov tshuaj yog ntawv yuav tshuaj.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj Okolipen hauv ampoules sib txawv ntawm 400 txog 470 rubles, tus nqi nyob ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas koj tuaj yeem yuav cov tshuaj, nrog rau thaj av.

Analogues ntawm cov tshuaj Okolipen:

• Berlition 600,
• Berlition 300,
• Es Lias lipon
• Neuroleipone.

Hauv qab no koj tuaj yeem tso koj kev tshuaj xyuas txog cov tshuaj Oktolipen.

Lwm yam hais txog:

Oktolipen rau cov ntshav qab zib: cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas: 3 lus

Kuv tau noj Oktolipen hauv tshuaj ntsiav tau ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm, thiab kuv tab tom noj cov tshuaj tawm ntawm ob zaug ib xyoos, ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy tau raug tshuaj tom qab kuaj mob. Cov tshuaj pab kuv, Kuv zoo siab nrog cov nyhuv. Tam sim no kuv yuav ua cov chav kawm tom ntej ntawm droppers, los ntawm txoj kev, Oktolipen tau ua rau kuv lub cev thiab hauv txoj kev no - qhov nyhav dhau heev tau txo, qhov qab los noj mov tau zoo li qub.

Oktolipen tau xaj rau kuv tom qab muaj ntshav qab zib muab txoj kev txhim kho mob ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy. Tom qab qhia txog kev daws teeb meem, Kuv xav tias zoo npaum li cas, mob siab rau ntau dua, siv zog ntau dua. Kuv xav tias cov metabolism yog kev txhim kho, thaum poob phaus zoo. Kuv noj nrog rau cov tshuaj hypoglycemic, tab sis tus kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj kom raug, yog li kuv tsis muaj kev mob tshwm sim.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuaj tau pom tias tsuas yog tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam, qhov mob zoo me ntsis, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi hloov pauv. Tej zaum cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tsis haum rau kuv, Kuv yuav nrhiav lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws.

Tso tawm daim ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg

• tsiav tshuaj: qhov loj me No. 0, opaque, tawv tawv gelatin, daj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tsiav tshuaj yog daj daj lossis daj hmoov nrog tau dawb impregnations (10 pcs. hauv cov hlwv pob, hauv cardboard pob 3 lossis 6 pob),
• cov yeeb yaj kiab-cov yeeb yaj kiab: biconvex, daj ntseg daj lossis daj, oval, ntawm ib sab yog qhov pheej hmoo, ntawm kink - los ntawm daj ntseg daj mus rau daj (10 pcs. hauv cov hlwv, hauv daim duab los qhia 3, 6 lossis 10 ntim)
• mloog zoo rau qhov kev npaj ntawm kev daws rau kev lis ntshav: lub kua dej ntshiab-ntsuab daj (10 ml hauv ampoule ntawm iav tsaus, 5 ampoules hauv ib lub hlwv, hauv ib pob ntawv ci ntawm 1 lossis 2 pob).

Muaj pes tsawg leeg 1 tshuaj ntsiav Okolipen:

• cov tshuaj nquag: thioctic (lip-lipoic) acid - 300 mg,
• cov khoom siv ntxiv: pregelatinized hmoov txhuv nplej siab, magnesium stearate, calcium hydrogen phosphate (calcium phosphate disubstituted), aerosil (colloidal silicon dioxide),
• tshuaj ntsiav plhaub: zas tshav hnub poob daj daj (E110), quinoline daj (E104), kev kho mob gelatin, titanium dioxide (E171).

Kev Sau Tseg ntawm 1 txheej-ntim ntsiav tshuaj, Okolipen:

• cov tshuaj nquag: thioctic (lip-lipoic) acid - 600 mg,
• cov khoom siv ntxiv: hyprolose (hydroxypropyl cellulose), hyprolose tsawg (tsis muaj hydroxypropyl cellulose), magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose (croscarmellose sodium),
• zaj duab xis txheej: Opadry daj (OPADRY 03F220017 Daj) macrogol 6000 (polyethylene glycol 6000), hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), talc, titanium dioxide, hlau zas hlau oxide daj (E172), kua roj vanish raws quinoline daj (E104).

Kev Sau Tseg ntawm 1 ml ntawm Octolipen mloog zoo:

• cov tshuaj nquag: thioctic (lip-lipoic) acid - 30 mg,
• cov khoom siv ntxiv: disodium edetate (disodium ntsev ntawm ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), ethylenediamine, dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj.

Cov Tshuaj Hauv Tshuaj

Thioctic acid (lip-lipoic acid) yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev thaum lub oxidative decarboxylation ntawm α-keto acids thiab belongs rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob endogenous. Nws muab cov lus sib dhos ntawm cov dawb radicals, pab kom rov qab qib ntawm glutathione thiab nce kev ua si ntawm superoxide dismutase, txhim kho trophic neurons thiab axonal conductivity. Ua lub coenzyme ntawm mitochondrial multienzyme complexes, cov khoom siv koom nrog oxidative decarboxylation ntawm pyruvic acid thiab α-keto acids.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub zog ntawm lub tshuaj, muaj ib qho kev nce hauv qib ntawm glycogen nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab txo cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, nrog rau kev kov yeej cov tshuaj tiv thaiv insulin. Qhov ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab biochemical ntawm thioctic acid zoo ib yam li cov pab pawg B vitamins.

Cov tshuaj normalizes lipid thiab carbohydrate metabolism, ua kom cov roj metabolism hauv lub cev ua haujlwm, nthuav tawm cov nyhuv lipotropic, txhim kho daim siab kev ua haujlwm, pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub sijhawm ua rau qaug cawv, suav nrog kev lom nrog cov hlau ntsev hnyav.

Mloog zoo rau kev daws rau infusion

Yuav kom tau txais qhov kev daws teeb meem, nws tau pom zoo tias cov mloog zoo hauv koob tshuaj 300-600 mg (1-2 ampoules) yuav tsum tau diluted hauv 50-250 ml ntawm isotonic sodium chloride tov (0.9%). Cov tshuaj npaj yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj rau hauv ib hnub ib zaug ntawm koob tshuaj 300-600 mg rau 2-4 lub lis piam. Tom qab, lawv hloov mus rau kev kho qhov ncauj.

Txij li Oktolipen nkag siab rau lub teeb, ampoules nrog mloog zoo xav tau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov ntim khoom nkaus xwb ua ntej siv. Thaum lub sij hawm Txoj kev lis ntshav, nws tseem xav kom tiv thaiv lub vial nrog npaj daws los ntawm lub teeb siv aluminium ntawv ci lossis lub hnab ntim teeb. Cov tshuaj tiav tiav yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm lub teeb, tsis pub dhau 6 teev txij li hnub npaj.

Noj ntau dhau

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm thioctic acid tuaj yeem yog cov kev tsis txaus siab hauv qab no: ntuav, xeev siab, mob taub hau, hauv cov mob loj heev thaum siv ntau dua 6 g (10 ntsiav tshuaj) hauv cov laus thiab ntau dua 0.05 g / kg ntawm lub cev hnyav hauv cov menyuam yaus - cuam tshuam dav dav, plooj plooj, nco qab, psychomotor kev ntxhov siab, mob ntshav qab zib (mus txog tsis nco qab), cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm cov kua qaub-puag tshuav nrog cov kab mob lactic acidosis, hemolysis, mob pob txha tsis muaj leeg nqaij necrosis, kev tawm pob txha tsis ua haujlwm, nthuav tawm ntawm cov leeg kev mob hlwb (DIC), polyorganic Tib tsis ua hauj lwm.

Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum rau kev haus luam yeeb ntau dhau ntawm Okolipen, yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ceev thiab tus txheej txheem kev pom zoo rau kev raug mob lom yog tsim nyog, suav nrog ua kom mob ntuav, pais plab lav, noj pa hluav taws, thiab kho cov tsos mob. Txoj kev pom nrog txoj kev yuam thioctic acid, hemoperfusion thiab hemodialysis tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tsis paub.

Cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Raws li cov lus qhia, Oktolipen thaum cev xeeb tub yog contraindicated vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam txaus ntawm kev siv thioctic acid nyob rau lub sijhawm no.

Hauv chav kawm txog kev tshawb fawb txog kev mob toxicity, kev muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm embryotoxic thiab teratogenic ntawm cov tshuaj tsis tau txheeb xyuas.

Thaum pub niam mis, kev kho nrog cov tshuaj yog sib kis, vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws nkag mus rau hauv niam mis.

Kev txheeb xyuas txog Oktolipen

Kev txheeb xyuas txog Oktolipen feem ntau zoo. Cov neeg mob sau tseg muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj hauv kev kho mob ntawm radiculopathy, mob ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy, thiab kuj yog raws li hepatoprotector. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, cov tshuaj yuav pab txo cov ntshav qab zib thiab kom poob. Muaj ntau cov lus ceeb toom nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg mob qhia tias qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Octolipen tsis tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li ntawm nws qhov kev sib piv ntawm Berlition, thiab tus nqi qis dua.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj) suav nrog kev txhim kho kev phiv tshuaj, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev mob plab.

Tus nqi ntawm Oktolipen hauv cov chaw muag tshuaj

Tus nqi ntawm Oktolipen nyob ntawm daim ntawv tso tawm tshuaj thiab tej zaum yuav:

• Octolipen 300 mg tsiav tshuaj (30 pcs ib pob) - 320-350 rubles,
• cov ntsiav tshuaj zaj duab xis, Oktolipen 600 mg (30 pcs. Hauv ib pob) - 650-710 rubles,
• mloog zoo rau kev npaj Oktolipen Txoj kev lis ntshav daws 30 mg / ml (10 ampoules ntawm 10 ml) - 400-430 rubles.

Oktolipen: tus nqi hauv cov khw muag tshuaj online

Okolipen 300 mg tshuaj ntsiav 30 pcs.

OCTOLIPEN 30mg / ml 10ml 10 pcs. Txoj kev lis ntshav daws mloog zoo

OCTOLIPEN 300mg 30 Pcs. tsiav tshuaj

Oktolipen 30 mg / ml mloog zoo rau kev daws rau Txoj kev lis ntshav 10 ml 10 pcs.

Oktolipen 300 mg 30 lub kaus mom

Oktolipen konc.d / inf. 30mg / ml 10ml n10

Oktolipen conc rau inf 30 mg / ml 10 ml 10 amp

Okolipen 600 mg zaj duab xis-coated ntsiav tshuaj 30 pcs.

OCTOLIPEN 600mg 30 pcs. zaj duab xis-ntsiav tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj

Oktolipen Tab. p.p.o. 600mg n30

Oktolipen 600 mg 30 ntsiav tshuaj

Oktolipen tbl p / pl / o 600mg Tsis yog 30

Kev Kawm Ntawv: Thawj Moscow State Medical University muaj npe tom qab I.M. Sechenov, tshwj xeeb "Tshuaj General".

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tshuaj raug muab dav dav, muab rau kev qhia tawm thiab tsis hloov chaw cov lus qhia. Kev siv tshuaj rau tus kheej yog qhov txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv!

Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Oxford University tau ua cov kev tshawb fawb, thaum lub sijhawm lawv tau los txiav txim siab tias kev tsis noj zaub ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg lub hlwb, vim tias nws ua rau nws txo qis hauv nws qhov loj. Yog li cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo kom tsis txhob cais cov ntses thiab nqaij los ntawm lawv cov kev noj haus.

Hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob, antidepressant clomipramine ua rau lub orgasm.

Plaub qho ntawm chocolate tsaus muaj txog ob puas calories. Yog li yog tias koj tsis xav tau zoo dua, nws zoo dua tsis txhob noj ntau tshaj li ob lobules ib hnub.

Nrog kev mus saib xyuas lub txaj tanning, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog tawv nqaij yuav nce 60%.

Raws li kev tshawb fawb, cov poj niam uas haus ob peb khob npias lossis cawv txiv hmab ib lim tiam muaj feem ntau yuav muaj mob khees xaws mis.

Cov tib neeg uas tau noj tshais ua ntu zus feem ntau yog cov muaj rog.

Tus mob uas tsis tshua muaj mob yog Kuru's kab mob. Tsuas yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg Fore hauv New Guinea mob nrog nws. Tus neeg mob tuag ntawm kev luag. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov ua rau tus mob yog noj tib neeg lub hlwb.

Cov tshuaj hnoos "Terpincode" yog ib tus thawj coj hauv kev muag, tsis muaj vim tias nws muaj tshuaj.

Txawm hais tias ib tug neeg lub siab tsis yeej, tam sim no nws tseem tuaj yeem nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, zoo li tus neeg nuv ntses neeg Norwegian Jan Revsdal tau ua rau peb pom. Nws "lub cev muaj zog" nres rau 4 xuab moos tom qab tus neeg nuv ntses tau ploj thiab tsaug zog hauv cov daus.

Cov poj niam feem ntau muaj peev xwm tau txais kev lom zem ntau dua los ntawm kev xav txog lawv lub cev zoo nkauj hauv daim iav dua li ntawm kev sib deev. Yog li, cov poj niam, siv zog ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb.

Ntau lab tus kab mob tau yug, ciaj thiab tuag hauv peb lub plab. Lawv tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog txhawb nqa siab, tab sis yog tias lawv tuaj ua ke, lawv yuav haum rau hauv lub khob kas fes.

Muaj ntau cov kev kho mob nthuav tawm heev, xws li kev siv khoom tsis nco qab ntawm cov khoom. Hauv plab ntawm ib tus neeg mob uas tau mob los ntawm tus txiv neej no, 2500 cov khoom txawv teb chaws tau pom.

Tib neeg lub plab ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog cov khoom txawv teb chaws thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kho mob. Gastric kua txiv yog paub tias yuav yaj txawm npib.

Ntau cov tshuaj tau xub pib ua lag luam li tshuaj. Piv txwv li yeeb dawb, tau pib ua lag luam ua tshuaj hnoos. Thiab cocaine tau pom zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob ua tshuaj loog thiab yog lub zog ntawm kev ua kom lub siab ntev.

Yog tias koj lub siab ua haujlwm, kev tuag yuav tshwm sim hauv ib hnub.

Polyoxidonium yog hais txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws ua rau qee yam kev txuas txuas ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, yog li pab txhawb kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm.