Cov kab ke ntawm cov roj synthesis hauv lub siab

Txoj kev hloov ntawm lanosterol rau cov roj (cholesterol) yog ua nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm qhov endoplasmic hepatocyte reticulum. Ob daim ntawv cog lus sib txuas hauv cov qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem thawj pob. Qhov kev tawm tsam no siv ntau lub zog siv NADPH los ua tus pub. Tom qab tus ntawm ntau yam hloov ntshav enzymes dhau lanosterol, cov roj cholesterol tshwm.

Thauj Q10

Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) tseem yog Q10 hloov khoom. Cov compound no yog lub luag haujlwm los tiv thaiv daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov enzymes. Coob tus ntawm cov compound no yog tsim hauv qee qhov kev teeb tsa, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav. Nws tsis muaj lub peev xwm los ntawm kev ywj pheej nkag rau hauv cov hlwb ntxiv, yog li rau lub hom phiaj no nws xav tau cov cab kuj. Cov roj khov ua kom zoo nrog txoj haujlwm no.

Tso Khoom Siv Kev Ua Si Siv Yooj Yim

Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg, tau kawg, tsuas yog tias peb tab tom tham txog HDL.

Raws li qhov no, nws tau pom tseeb tias qhov kev lees paub tias cov roj (cholesterol) tiag tiag ua rau tib neeg ua yuam kev.

Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ua los ntawm cov roj ntsha:

• yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm cov txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones
• ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm serotonin receptors hauv lub hlwb,
• yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua tsib, nrog rau cov vitamin D, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nqus cov rog,
• tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem ntawm intracellular qauv nyob rau hauv tus ntawm dawb radicals.

Tab sis nrog rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj tuaj yeem muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li, LDL tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob loj, feem ntau pab txhawb kev txhim kho atherosclerosis.

Hauv daim siab, biocomponent yog hluavtaws tsim nyob hauv qab ntawm HMG qhov kev txo qis. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb enzyme koom nrog biosynthesis. Kev txwv tsis pub coj ua tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus neeg ntawm cov tswv yim tsis zoo.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj nyob hauv lub siab muaj qhov tsis sib luag nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas uas nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev nrog zaub mov.

Txawm tias yooj yim dua, txoj kev no tau piav qhia hauv no. Lub siab ua ywj siab tswj cov qib roj cholesterol. Qhov ntau dua ib tus neeg noj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov khoom siv no, cov tshuaj tsawg dua yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov khoom hauv lub cev, thiab yog tias peb coj mus rau hauv cov ntawv tias cov rog tau noj ua ke nrog cov khoom uas muaj nws, ces txoj kev cai no tseem ceeb heev.

Nta ntawm cov synthesis ntawm teeb meem

Cov neeg laus ib txwm noj qab nyob zoo ua ke HDL ntawm tus nqi kwv yees li 1 g / hnub thiab noj kwv yees li 0.3 g / hnub.

Qib feem ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov ntshav muaj cov nqi ntawd - 150-200 mg / dl. Muaj kev tswj tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev tswj qib ntawm kev coj ua ntawm denovo.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov synthesis ntawm HDL thiab LDL ntawm cov keeb kwm endogenous yog ib feem los ntawm kev noj haus.

Cov roj (cholesterol), ob leeg los ntawm cov khoom noj thiab tsim tawm hauv daim siab, yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov qog ua xua, hauv kev coj ua ntawm cov tshuaj steroid thiab cov kua tsib kua qaub. Kev faib tawm ntau tshaj plaws yog siv hauv qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov kua qaub.

Kev nqus ntawm HDL thiab LDL los ntawm cov hlwb tau tswj hwm nyob rau theem ruaj khov los ntawm peb qhov sib txawv:

1. Kev tswj hwm ntawm HMGR Cov Haujlwm
2. Kev cai ntawm cov roj uas txhaws tsis dhau dawb los ntawm kev ua si ntawm O-acyltransferase sterol, SOAT1 thiab SOAT2 nrog SOAT2, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj nyob rau hauv daim siab. Kev tsim ua thawj zaug rau cov enzymes no yog ACAT rau acyl-CoA: cov roj ntsha acyltransferase. Cov Enzymes ACAT, ACAT1, thiab ACAT2 yog acetyl CoA acetyltransferases 1 thiab 2.
3. Los ntawm kev tswj cov ntshav roj ntshav ntau dhau ntawm LDL-mediated receptor uptake thiab HDL-mediated kev thauj rov qab.

Kev tswj hwm ntawm HMGR kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm qib ntawm biosynthesis ntawm LDL thiab HDL.

Lub enzyme yog tshuaj los ntawm plaub qhov sib txawv:

• cov tswv yim inhibition,
• noob qhia kev tswj,
• enzyme degradation tus nqi,
• phosphorylation-dephosphorylation.

Thawj peb txoj kev tswj hwm ua kom ncaj qha rau cov tshuaj yeeb yam ntawm nws tus kheej. Cov roj (cholesterol) ua raws li lub zog ntawm kev tawm tswv yim los ntawm HMGR uas twb muaj lawm, thiab tseem ua rau lub ntsej muag sai ntawm enzyme. Qhov tom kawg yog los ntawm polyubiquitination ntawm HMGR thiab nws lub ntsej muag hauv cov proteosome. Qhov peev xwm no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm thaj chaw sterol-rhiab ntawm HMGR SSD.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum cov roj (cholesterol) nyob rau hauv dhau heev lawm, cov mRNA rau HMGR txo qis vim tias cov noob hauv noob poob qis.

Cov Enzymes muab kev koom ua ke hauv cov khoom cua

Yog hais tias tus exogenous tivthaiv tau tswj hwm los ntawm covalent kev hloov kho, txoj kev ua no yuav raug coj los ntawm phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation.

Lub enzyme tseem nquag nyob hauv daim ntawv tsis siv neeg. Phosphorylation ntawm lub enzyme txo nws txoj haujlwm.

HMGR yog phosphorylated los ntawm AMP-ua kom muaj protein kinase, AMPK. AMPK nws tus kheej tau qhib kho los ntawm phosphorylation.

AMPK phosphorylation yog catalyzed los ntawm tsawg kawg yog ob lub enzymes, uas yog:

1. Lub luag haujlwm kinase ua lub luag haujlwm rau AMPK ua kom LKB1 (mob siab kinase B1). LKB1 tau pom thawj zaug hais tias yog tus noob hauv tib neeg muaj tus kabmob hloov dua siab tshiab hauv Putz-Jegers syndrome, PJS. LKB1 kuj tseem pom muaj tus kabmob mutant hauv lub ntsws adenocarcinoma.
2. Qhov thib ob phosphorylating enzyme AMPK yog calmodulin-muaj protein kinase kinase beta (CaMKKβ). CaMKKβ induces AMPK phosphorylation nyob rau hauv kev teb rau ib qho kev nce ntxiv ntawm intracellular Ca2 + uas ua rau cov leeg mob.

Kev tswj hwm HMGR los ntawm cov kev hloov pauv cov tso cai tso cai HDL tsim tawm. HMGR tseem nquag ua haujlwm nyob hauv xeev dephosphorylated. Phosphorylation (Ser872) yog catalyzed los ntawm AMP-ua kom muaj protein kinase (AMPK) enzyme, cov haujlwm uas tseem tau tswj hwm los ntawm phosphorylation.

AMPK phosphorylation tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim tsawg kawg ob lub enzymes:

Dephosphorylation ntawm HMGR, rov qab mus rau ib lub xeev uas nquag dua, yog nqa los ntawm kev ua si ntawm cov protein phosphatases ntawm 2A tsev neeg. Cov kab ntawv no tso cai rau koj los tswj cov khoom lag luam HDL.

Dab tsi cuam tshuam rau hom roj (cholesterol)?

Muaj nuj nqi PP2A tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob qhov sib txawv catalytic isoforms encoded los ntawm ob tus noob pom tias yog PPP2CA thiab PPP2CB. Ob lub ntsiab isoforms ntawm PP2A yog qhov heterodimeric core enzyme thiab heterotrimeric holoenzyme.

Lub ntsiab enzyme PP2A muaj lub pob scaffold substrate (thaum xub thawj hu ua A subunit) thiab catalytic subunit (C subunit). Lub catalytic α subunit raug kaw los ntawm PPP2CA noob, thiab lub catalytic β subunit raug kaw los ntawm PPP2CB noob.

Cov theem pib ntawm aff scaffold yog nkag los ntawm PPP2R1A gene thiab and qhov tso tawm ntawm PPP2R1B noob. Lub enzyme tseem ceeb, PP2A, cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv qhov tsis paub meej kom sib sau ua ke rau hauv holoenzyme.

Lub chaw tswj hwm PP2A suav nrog plaub yim tsev neeg (Ameslikas hu ua B-subunits), txhua tus ntawm muaj ntau isoforms encoded los ntawm cov noob sib txawv.

Tam sim no, muaj 15 lub noob sib txawv rau cov kev cai tswj hwm ntawm PP2A B. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev cai tswj hwm ntawm PP2A yog txhawm rau phosphorylated substrate protein rau phosphatase kev ua ntawm catalytic subunits ntawm PP2A.

PPP2R yog ib qho ntawm 15 qhov sib txawv tswj kev tso cai ntawm PP2A. Cov tshuaj hormones xws li glucagon thiab adrenaline cuam tshuam rau cov roj ntsha biosynthesis los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv ntawm cov cai tswj fwm PP2A cov tsev neeg.

PKA-mediated phosphorylation ntawm qhov kev cai tswj hwm ntawm PP2A (PPP2R) ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ntawm PP2A los ntawm HMGR, tiv thaiv nws cov dephosphorylation. Los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm glucagon thiab adrenaline, insulin txhawb qhov kev tshem tawm phosphates thiab yog li ua rau kom muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm HMGR.

Kev cai ntxiv ntawm HMGR tshwm sim los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub cov lus qhia nrog cov roj cholesterol, nrog rau cov cai ntawm nws cov khoom sib txuas los ntawm kev nce qib hauv cov roj (cholesterol) thiab sterol.

Qhov tshwm sim tom qab no cuam tshuam nrog qhov hloov pauv ntawm SREBP.

Tus txheej txheem nyob hauv tib neeg lub cev li cas?

HMGR kev ua haujlwm ntxiv yog saib ntxiv los ntawm kev piav qhia nrog AMP. Kev nce qib ntawm cAMP ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam cov cAMP-protein protein kinase, PKA. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm HMGR cov kev cai, PKA phosphorylates cov kev cai tswjfwm kev tswj hwm, uas ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev tso tawm PP2A los ntawm HMGR. Qhov no tiv thaiv PP2A tshem tawm cov phosphates los ntawm HMGR, tiv thaiv nws cov tshuaj ua kom rov qab los.

Ib tsev neeg loj ntawm cov tswj hwm protein phosphatase subunits tswj hwm thiab / lossis thaiv qhov kev ua si ntawm ntau cov phosphatases, suav nrog cov tswv cuab ntawm PP1, PP2A, thiab PP2C tsev neeg. Ntxiv rau PP2A phosphatases uas tshem phosphates ntawm AMPK thiab HMGR, phosphatases ntawm cov protein phosphatase 2C tsev neeg (PP2C) kuj tshem tawm phosphates los ntawm AMPK.

Thaum cov kev cai tswj fwm no phosphorylate PKA, qhov kev ua ntawm khi phosphatases poob qis, ua rau AMPK tseem tshuav nyob hauv phosphorylated thiab nquag xeev, thiab HMGR hauv lub phosphorylated thiab lub xeev tsis muaj zog. Raws li qhov kev tawm dag tawm tshem tawm, ua rau muaj qhov nce ntawm cAMP ntau lawm, qib phosphorylation tsawg zuj zus, thiab qib dephosphorylation nce ntxiv. Qhov kawg tshwm sim yog qhov rov qab mus rau qib siab dua ntawm HMGR kev ua haujlwm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tshuaj insulin ua rau txo qis hauv CAMP, uas, nyeg, ua kom lub zog sib txuas. Qhov kawg tshwm sim yog qhov rov qab mus rau qib siab dua ntawm HMGR kev ua haujlwm.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tshuaj insulin ua rau txo qis hauv CAMP, uas, nyeg, ua kom muaj zog cov roj (synthesis). Qhov kawg tshwm sim yog qhov rov qab mus rau qib siab dua ntawm HMGR kev ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj Insulin ua rau txo qis hauv CAMP, uas, nyeg, tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov txheej txheem coj los ua ke.

Lub peev xwm los txhawb lub zog insulin thiab inhibit glucagon, HMGR kev ua haujlwm yog sib luag nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj hormones no rau lwm cov txheej txheem kev zom zaub mov. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ob cov tshuaj hormones no yog kom tswj tau kev nkag mus thiab thauj lub zog rau txhua lub hlwb.

Kev soj ntsuam ntev ntawm HMGR kev ua haujlwm ntev yog kwv yees los ntawm kev tswj cov synthesis thiab degradation ntawm cov enzyme. Thaum cov roj (cholesterol) nce siab, cov qib ntawm HMGR lub noob qhia txo qis, thiab kev hloov pauv, cov qib qis ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov noob.

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov cholesterol yog muab nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.

Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim cov roj cholesterol molecules?

Ntau cov zaub mov ua rau lub cev muaj cov roj (cholesterol) - cov no yog cov khoom ntawm tsiaj keeb kwm, nrog rau cov rog sib hloov, uas pom muaj ntau hauv cov zaub mov tiav, nrog rau cov khoom noj khoom noj (cov khoom noj ceev).

Yog tias koj siv cov khoom lag luam zoo li no, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj ntawm cov roj (molecules) molecules hauv cov ntshav yuav siab heev thiab koj yuav tau siv cov tshuaj kho mob rau hypercholesterolemia.

Cov roj (cholesterol), uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog zaub mov noj, muaj lub cev tsis tshua muaj molecular, uas ua rau kom muaj qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) nyob rau sab hauv lub cev ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas ua rau muaj kev txhim kho cov plahaum roj thiab cov kab mob ntawm atherosclerosis.

Kev nce hauv cov roj (cholesterol) nyob hauv cov ntshav tshwm sim tsis yog tsuas yog vim nws tau txais sab nraud, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev ua txhaum hauv cov txheej txheem los ua ke cov lipoprotein lwg me me los ntawm lub siab ua haujlwm.

Roj synthesis rau cov ntsiab lus ↑

Synthesis ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) hauv lub siab

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov roj hauv lub cev yog kwv yees li 0.50-0.80 grams tauj ib hnub.

Cov synthesis ntawm cov roj molecules hauv lub cev tau faib tawm:

• 50.0% yog tsim los ntawm daim siab mob hlwb,
• 15.0% - 20.0% - los ntawm cov tuam tsev ntawm cov hnyuv,
• 10.0% - yog synthesized los ntawm adrenal cortex thiab tawv nqaij hlwb.

Txhua lub hlwb hauv tib neeg lub cev muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj lipoproteins ua ke.

Nrog rau cov zaub mov, nce txog 20.0% ntawm tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) cov roj uas nkag hauv lub cev - kwv yees li 0.40 grams tauj ib hnub.

Lipoproteins raug tawm sab nraud lub cev nrog kev pab ntawm bile acid, thiab nyob rau ib hnub twg kev siv cov roj (cholesterol) cov roj (molecules) los ntawm cov kua tsib tsis ntau dua 1.0 grams.

Lub biosynthesis ntawm lipoproteins hauv lub cev

Lub biosynthesis ntawm lipid lwg me me tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev endoplasmic - lub reticulum. Lub hauv paus rau txhua qhov atoms ntawm carbon molecules yog cov tshuaj acetyl-SCoA, uas nkag mus rau endoplasm los ntawm mitochondria hauv citrate lwg me me.

Thaum lub sijhawm biosynthesis ntawm lipoprotein lwg me me, 18 ATP lwg me me koom, thiab 13 NADPH lwg me me los ua cov koom tes hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj cholesterol tsim los ntawm tsawg kawg 30 cov qib thiab cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev.

Kev sib tov phased ntawm lipoproteins tuaj yeem faib ua pawg:

ntxig kom nquag plias - qab zib qib

• Kev sib txuas ntawm mevalonic acid tshwm sim thaum ketogenesis ntawm thawj ob qhov kev tshwm sim, thiab tom qab theem peb, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-ScoA reacts nrog HMG-ScoA reductase molecule. Los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, Mevalonate yog hluavtaws. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no xav kom muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav txaus. Koj tuaj yeem tsim nws nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom noj qab zib thiab cov zaub mov noj,
• Kev sib txuas ntawm isopentenyl diphosphate tshwm sim tom qab qhov sib ntxiv ntawm phosphate mus rau mevalonic acid lwg me me thiab lawv lub cev qhuav dej,
• Kev sib txuas ntawm farnesyl diphosphate tshwm sim tom qab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm peb isopentenyl diphosphate lwg me me,
• Squalene synthesis yog qhov khi ntawm 2 lwg ntawm cov farnesyl diphosphate,
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev hloov ntawm squalene mus rau lanosterol lwg me me tshwm sim,
• Tom qab tshem tawm cov pab pawg methyl tsis tsim nyog, cov roj cholesterol hloov pauv.

Kev cai ntawm cov synthesis ntawm lipoproteins

Lub ntsiab cai tswj hwm hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem yog qhov enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-ScoA reductase. Lub peev xwm ntawm qhov enzyme hloov pauv haujlwm no yog qhov ntau tshaj 100 zaug.

Cov kev cai ntawm kev ua enzyme tshwm sim raws ntau lub hauv paus:

• Kev cai ntawm synthesis nyob rau theem ntawm theem. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no ua haujlwm "los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws", lub enzyme yog tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cholesterol, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis tso siab,
• Covalent hormonal kev cai.

Kev cai nyob rau theem hormonal tshwm sim nyob rau theem hauv qab no:

• Kev nce ntawm cov tshuaj insulin nyob rau hauv lub cev ua kom muaj protein phosphatase, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb HMG-ScoA reductase,
• Cov tshuaj glucagon thiab cov tshuaj hormone adrenaline muaj peev xwm ua kom lub zog ntawm cov protein kinase A, uas phosphorylates enzyme HMG-ScoA reductase thiab txo lawv cov haujlwm,
• Cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj synthesis nyob ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm tshwj xeeb thauj khoom protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, uas khi lub sij hawm ib nrab cuam tshuam ntawm cov metabolites.

Lub cev cov roj khov

Cov roj (cholesterol) muab tso ua ke hauv cov qog hlwb yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub cev rau ntau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb:

• Nyob hauv txhua lub cell membrane, cov roj (cholesterol) cov roj (cholesterol) cov roj yuav pab lawv ntxiv thiab ua kom lawv hloov kho,
• Nrog kev pab los ntawm lipoproteins, choroid hlwb nce lawv cov permeability, uas tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud,
• Yog tias tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm lipoproteins, cov qog adrenal ua haujlwm tsis tsim cov hom steroid ntawm kev sib deev,
• Siv cov lipids, kev tsim cov kua tsib acid tshwm sim thiab tiv thaiv lub zais zis los ntawm kev tsim cov pob zeb hauv nws,
• Lipoproteins khi ua ke neuron hlwb hauv cov leeg txha caj qaum thiab hauv lub hlwb,
• Nrog kev pab ntawm lipoproteins, cov hnab riam ntawm cov hlab ntaws ua kom muaj zog,
• Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov roj cholesterol, kev tsim cov vitamin D tshwm sim, uas yuav pab kom nqus calcium thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob txha.

Cov roj (cholesterol) pab cov qog adrenal ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj hormones:

• Corticosteroid pawg
• Glucocorticoid hormone pawg,
• Pab pawg ntawm mineralocorticoids.

Cov tshuaj hormones no ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj cai los ntawm tib neeg cov khoom nruab nrog cev.

Cov roj ntsha ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) tom qab synthesis hauv cov qog hlwb nkag mus rau lub cev endocrine ntawm cov qog adrenal thiab pab txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones thiab ua kom muaj kev sib luag hauv cov tshuaj hormonal.

Kev txiav txim siab cov Vitamin D lwg me hauv lub cev

Kev tsim cov vitamin D lwg me me los ntawm lub hnub ci, uas nkag mus rau hauv cov roj hauv qab daim tawv. Txij ntawm no mus, cov synthesis ntawm vitamin D tshwm sim, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev kom nqus cov calcium calcium.

Txhua hom lipoproteins, tom qab kev tsim tawm, raug thauj los ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav ntshav.

Vitamin D tuaj yeem hloov pauv tsuas yog muaj cov lipoproteins siab molecular siab, thiab cov kua roj molecular hnyav ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm atherosclerosis pathology, vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm los txiav txim siab rau sab hauv lub qog ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov plahaum roj ntshav, uas loj hlob thiab ua rau muaj tus kab mob no.

Qee zaum cov roj (cholesterol) plaques tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv tib neeg hauv qab daim tawv nqaij ntawm txhais tes.

Vitamin D Metabolism rau cov ntsiab lus ↑

Qhov kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm lipoproteins

Hauv ntau cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab cuam tshuam yuav tshwm sim. Xws li kev ntshawv siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lipid metabolism. Muaj ntau ntau yam laj thawj thiab lawv muaj exogenous thiab endogenous etiology.

Endogenous ua rau lipoprotein synthesis cuam tshuam nrog:

• Lub hnub nyoog ntawm ib tug neeg. Tom qab 40 xyoo nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, kev tsim cov poj niam txiv neej pw ua ke thiab cov keeb kwm poj niam txiv neej tau cuam tshuam lawm, thiab los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 45 - 50, tag nrho cov txheej txheem metabolic qeeb, uas tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lipid metabolism,
• Tub los ntxhais - Cov txiv neej nws nquag mob ntshav siab ntau dua cov poj niam. Cov poj niam ua ntej tag nrho lub cev lawm thiab tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej, los ntawm kev txuam nrog lipoproteins,
• Caj neeg mob raws caj ces. Kev txhim kho ntawm tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia.

Cov kev ua rau tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov lipid tsis ua hauj lwm suav nrog cov xwm txheej uas nyob ntawm tus neeg mob txoj kev ua neej, nrog rau cov kab mob sib txawv uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm cov roj (cholesterol):

• Kev quav tshuaj muaj yees,
• Cov nyiam haus cawv mus ntev
• Khoom noj khoom haus tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau cov cholesterol nyob hauv lub cev ntau dua thiab nws cov khoom ntau zuj zus tsis yog hauv cov ntshav,
• Ib txoj kev ua neej sedentary ua rau ncua kev paub tab thiab cov lipoprotein synthesis,
• Kev kub siab - ntshav siab hauv cov hlab ntshav ua ntej yuav tsum txiav txim siab rau lub vas viav vias kom khov nrog lipid cov rog, uas tom qab ntawd tsim cov roj uas txhaws taus,
• Dyslipidemia yog qhov tsis txaus siab nyob rau hauv lipid metabolism. Nrog pathology, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tshwm sim ntawm VP lipoproteins, NP lipids, thiab cov qib triglycerides hauv cov ntshav,
• Kev rog pathology,
• Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus. Nrog hyperglycemia, cov metabolism thiab lipid metabolism yog cuam tshuam.

Kev tiv thaiv tsis txaus hauv lub cev ntawm cov txiaj ntsig roj molecules

Muaj cov pathologies uas txo qis cov concentration ntawm cov roj molecular hnyav hauv cov ntshav vim txo qis hauv kev coj los ua ke ntawm HDL lwg me me.

Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob pathologies nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog cov piam thaj hauv ntshav thiab ua rau cov ntshav qab zib, thiab tseem ua rau ntau cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntshav thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrog cev.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm cov roj molecular phaus tuaj yeem yog:

• Lub pathology ntawm rickets, uas nthuav dav hauv menyuam yaus vim tias txo cov synthesis ntawm vitamin D thiab kev zom zaub mov ntawm calcium molecules,
• Ntxov kev laus lub cev. Yog tsis muaj sijhawm txaus los ntawm cov cholesterol rau lub cell cell week, lawv rhuav tshem thiab cov txheej txheem kev laus pib,
• Kev poob tawm hauv lub cev hnyav, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txuas tsis txaus ntawm cov roj (molecules) roj, thiab cov roj ntsha tsis txaus lipid,
• Mob rau cov nqaij hauv lub cev los ntawm qhov tsis muaj lipid cov leeg nqaij,
• Kev hnov ​​mob hauv lub plawv lub plawv uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv nres.

Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho lub siab molecular phaus cholesterol index siv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, uas suav nrog ntses hiav txwv, ntau cov roj zaub, nrog rau cov khoom noj muaj mis.

Thiab tsis txhob hnov ​​qab txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab, tshuaj ntsuab thiab zaub - lawv yuav tsum yeej ntawm cov khoom noj.