Amoxiclav hmoov rau kev ncua 400 mg 57 mg > Kev khomob thiab kev tiv thaiv

Amoxiclav ® yog kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin - semisynthetic penicillin nrog rau kev pom dav ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob thiab clavulanic acid - qhov ua tsis tau tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm β-lactamases. Clavulanic acid ua rau lub zog ua haujlwm ruaj khov nrog cov enzymes thiab ua kom cov tsis kam ntawm amoxicillin rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm β-lactamases ua los ntawm cov kab mob me me.

Clavulanic acid, zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob beta-lactam, muaj qhov ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tua kab mob.

Amoxiclav ® muaj qhov kev pom ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob.

Nqis tawm tsam Amoxicillin-rhiab cov leeg tsis xws luag, suav nrog β-lactamase ua cov leeg txawv, suav nrog Cov kab mob aerobic gram-zoo: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus bovis, Staphylococcus aureus (tshwj tsis yog kab mob methicillin-tiv thaiv kab mob), Staphylococcus epidermidis (tshwj tsis yog kab mob methicillin-tiv thaiv kab mob), Staphylococcus sapro. aerobic gram-cov kab mob tsis zoo: Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Klebsiella spp., Moraxella catarrhalis, Pippis neisseriss gonorrhoeae Somppella mepp. Tus kab mob Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia enterocolitica, Helicobacter pylori, Eikenella corrodens, anaerobic gram-cov kab mob zoo: Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Actinomyces israelii, Fusobacterium spp., Prevotella spp., anaerobes gram-tsis zoo: Bacteroides spp.

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics

Lub ntsiab pharmacokinetic tseem ceeb ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid yog qhov zoo sib xws.

Ob qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau zoo tom qab noj cov tshuaj hauv, noj mov tsis cuam tshuam rau qib ntawm kev nqus. C_max hauv cov ntshav ntshav yog tiav 1 teev tom qab kev tswj hwm. C qhov tseem ceeb_max ua rau amoxicillin (raws li lub koob tshuaj) 3-12 μg / ml, rau clavulanic acid - txog 2 μg / ml.

Ob qhov sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm cov ntim zoo hauv kev faib tawm hauv lub cev thiab cov nqaij (lub ntsws, nruab nrab pob ntseg, dej pleural thiab peritoneal, lub tsev me nyuam, zes qe menyuam, thiab lwm yam). Amoxicillin tseem nkag mus rau hauv cov kua ntshav synovial, mob siab, lub caj pas prostate, palatine tonsils, cov leeg nqaij, lub zais zis, lub zais ntawm cov ntshav, cov qaub ncaug, lub ntsej muag zais zis.

Amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid tsis nkag rau BBB nrog uninflamed meninges.

Amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid hla lub plab placental thiab nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj taug lw yog tawm hauv niam cov kua mis. Amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid yog qhov cim los ntawm kev khi qis rau cov ntshav protein.

Amoxicillin yog qee cov metabolized, clavulanic acid yog pom meej tias muaj cov metabolism hauv lub zog.

Amoxicillin ua tawm los ntawm lub raum yuav luag tsis hloov pauv los ntawm tubular tso pa thiab glomerular pom. Clavulanic acid yog tawm los ntawm glomerular pom, ib feem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm metabolites. Cov zaub mov me me tuaj yeem tawm ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab lub ntsws. T_1/2 amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid yog 1-1.5 teev

Pharmacokinetics hauv cov chaw kuaj mob tshwj xeeb

Hauv siab raum tsis ua hauj lwm T_1/2 nce rau 7.5 teev rau amoxicillin thiab nce txog 4.5 teev rau clavulanic acid. Ob qho kev sib xyaw ua ke raug tshem tawm los ntawm hemodialysis thiab tus nqi me me los ntawm peritoneal lim ntshav.

Cov kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov kab mob raug taus ntawm cov kab mob me me:

- kis mob ntawm cov mob ua pa sab saud thiab cov kabmob ENT (nrog rau mob siab thiab ntev, mob siab thiab ntev oitis media, pharyngeal abscess, tonsillitis, pharyngitis),

- kis ntawm tus mob ua pa qis (nrog rau kev mob ntsws zoo nrog cov kab mob superinfection, mob ntsws txhaws ntev, mob ntsws),

Mob txeeb zig

- kis ntawm daim tawv thiab cov nqaij mos, nrog rau tsiaj thiab tib neeg tom,

- kis kab mob ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov nqaij mob sib kis,

- biliary huam mob (cholecystitis, cholangitis),

Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj

- Hypersensitivity rau ib yam ntawm cov tshuaj,

- Kev ua haujlwm siab nyob hauv keeb kwm rau penicillins, cephalosporins thiab lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob beta-lactam,

- keeb kwm ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm cholestatic jaundice thiab / lossis lwm yam kev mob siab rau lub siab ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm amoxicillin / clavulanic acid,

- Kab mob mononucleosis thiab mob qog ntshav.

Nrog ceev faj cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nrog cov keeb kwm pseudomembranous mob plab, nrog daim siab tsis ua hauj lwm, mob raum tsis zoo, zoo li thaum lactation.

Sab sij huam

Cov kev mob tshwm sim rau feem ntau me me thiab ua ntu zus.

Los ntawm lub plab zom mov: tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab, tsis tshua muaj mob plab, ua rau lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm siab (ALT lossis AST), hauv cov kis mob sib cais - cholestatic jaundice, kab mob siab, pseudomembranous colitis.

Kev tsis haum tshuaj: pruritus, urticaria, erythematous pob, tsis tshua muaj - multiforme exudative erythema, angioedema, anaphylactic ceeb, kev tsis haum vasculitis, nyob rau hauv qee yam mob - exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, mob feem ntau exanthematous pustulosis.

Los ntawm cov kab ke hemopoietic thiab cov lymphatic system: tsis tshua muaj - thim rov qab leukopenia (suav nrog neutropenia), thrombocytopenia, muaj tsawg kawg - hemolytic anemia, thim rov qab nce nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm prothrombin (thaum ua ke nrog anticoagulants), eosinophilia, pancytopenia.

Los ntawm lub paj hlwb: kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, tsis tshua muaj - kev huam ywb (tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob uas lub raum lub raum tsis zoo thaum siv cov tshuaj hauv qhov siab), hyperactivity, ntxhov siab, insomnia.

Los ntawm cov kab mob urinary: tsis tshua muaj heev - interstitial nephritis, crystalluria.

Lwm yam: tsis tshua muaj - kev txhim kho ntawm superinfection (suav nrog candidiasis).

Noj ntau dhau

Tsis muaj xov xwm qhia txog kev tuag lossis kev phom sij txog lub neej txoj sia vim kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau.

Cov tsos mob feem ntau, teeb meem ntawm lub plab zom mov (mob plab, raws plab, ntuav), ntxhov siab ntxhov plawv, pw tsis tsaug zog, kiv taub hau tseem muaj peev xwm, thiab nyob rau hauv cov kis mob cais ua kom qaug dab peg.

Kev Kho Mob: tus neeg mob yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas mob nkeeg, kev kho mob cov tsos mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tswj hwm tsis ntev los no ntawm cov tshuaj (tsawg dua 4 teev), nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntxuav lub plab thiab sau cov pa roj carbon activated kom txo tau qhov nqus ntawm cov tshuaj. Amoxicillin / poov tshuaj clavunate raug tshem tawm los ntawm hemodialysis.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Nrog rau txoj kev kho mob, cov haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav, daim siab thiab lub raum yuav tsum tau saib xyuas.

Hauv cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm uas tsis zoo, yuav tsum tau kho txoj kev noj tshuaj ntau dua lossis nce ntxiv nyob nruab nrab ntawm kev noj tshuaj yog xav tau.

Txhawm rau kom txo qis kev phom sij los ntawm kev mob tshwm sim ntawm txoj hnyuv plab, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj nrog pluas noj.

Kev ntsuam xyuas hauv chaw kuaj: cov tshuaj amoxicillin ntau heev muab qhov tsis zoo tsis haum rau cov ntshav qabzib thaum siv Benedict's reagent lossis Felling's solution. Peb nquahu kom muaj Enzymatic tshua nrog glucosidase.

Cuam tshuam rau kev muaj peev xwm tsav tsheb thiab tswj cov tshuab

Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm Amoxiclav nyob rau hauv koob tshuaj pom zoo kom muaj peev xwm tsav lub tsheb lossis ua haujlwm nrog cov qauv.

Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Nrog rau kev siv tshuaj ib txhij Amoxiclav ® nrog antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, aminoglycosides, kev nqus qis qis, nrog ascorbic acid - nce ntxiv.

Diuretics, allopurinol, phenylbutazone, NSAIDs thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas thaiv cov hlab zais pa zais ua rau muaj kev cia siab ntawm amoxicillin (clavulanic acid raug cais tawm tshwj xeeb los ntawm glomerular pom).

Nrog rau kev siv tib txhij ntawm Amoxiclav ® nce lub tshuaj lom ntawm methotrexate.

Nrog rau kev siv tib txhij ntawm Amoxiclav nrog allopurinol, qhov tshwm sim ntawm exanthema nce.

Muab kev tswj hwm nrog disulfiram yuav tsum raug zam.

Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev noj tshuaj tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm lub sijhawm prothrombin ntau ntxiv, hauv qhov no, yuav tsum ceev faj thaum siv tshuaj tiv thaiv anticoagulants thiab cov tshuaj Amoxiclav ®.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin nrog rifampicin yog antagonistic (muaj kev sib txuam ntawm lub zog tiv thaiv kab mob).

Amoxiclav ® yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ib txhij nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob bacteriostatic (macrolides, tetracyclines), sulfonamides vim tias qhov txo qis hauv Amoxiclav kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Probenecid txo qis kev zoo ntawm amoxicillin, ua rau muaj kev paub ntau ntxiv.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv qhov ncauj.

Txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov

Kev siv tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm cov raug tshem tawm 125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml thiab 250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml (txhawm rau tsim cov tshuaj kom raug ncua ntawm 125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml thiab 250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml ntawm kev ncua hauv txhua pob, ib rab diav muab nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 5 ml lossis lub raj tshuaj kom tiav yog tso).

Menyuam mos thiab menyuam muaj txog li 3 hlis teem sijhawm 30 mg / kg (amoxicillin) / hnub, muab faib ua 2 koob tshuaj (txhua 12 teev), cov menyuam dhau 3 hlis - los ntawm 20 mg (amoxicillin) / kg / hnub ntawm kis tau tus mobmob me rau hauj sim hnyav txog 40 mg / kg (raws li amoxicillin) / hnub ntawm kev kis mob hnyav thiab mob ntsws muab faib ua 3 koob (txhua 8 teev).

Cov koob tshuaj pom zoo kom tsis pub ncua kev kawm ntawv nce nyob ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam thiab qhov kis mob hnyav.

Lub cev hnyav (kg)	Hnub nyoog (kwv yees)	Lub ntsws / mob hnyav		Kev kis mob hnyav
Lub cev hnyav (kg)	Hnub nyoog (kwv yees)	125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml	250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml	125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml	250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml
5-10	3-12 hlis	3 × 2.5 ml (1 /₂ l.)	3 × 1.25 ml (1 /₄ l.)	3 × 3.75 ml (3 /₄ l.)	3 × 2 ml (1 /₄- 1 /₂ l.)
10-12	1-2 xyoos	3 × 3.75 ml (3 /₄ l.)	3 × 2 ml (1 /₄- 1 /₂ l.)	3 × 6.25 ml (1 1 /₄ l.)	3 × 3 ml (1 /₂- 3 /₄ l.)
12-15	2-4 xyoos	3 × 5 ml (1 l.)	3 × 2.5 ml (1 /₂ l).	3 × 7.5 ml (1 1 /₂ l.)	3 × 3.75 ml (3 /₄ l.)
15-20	4-6 xyoos	3 × 6.25 ml (1 1 /₄ l.)	3 × 3 ml (1 /₂- 3 /₄ l.)	3 × 9,5 ml (1 3 /₄-2 l.)	3 × 5 ml (1 l.)
20-30	6-10 xyoo	3 × 8.75 ml (1 3 /₄ l.)	3 × 4,5 ml (3 /₄-1 l.)	-	3 × 7 ml (1 1 /₄-1 1 /₂ l.)
30-40	10-12 xyoo	-	3 × 6.5 ml (1 1 /₄ l.)	-	3 × 9,5 ml (1 3 /₄-2 l.)
≥ 40	≥ 12 xyoos	Amoxiclav prescribed raug kho hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj

Cov koob tshuaj niaj hnub ntawm kev ncua 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 ml tau muab xam rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav nyob ntawm saib tus mob hnyav npaum li cas thiab yog 25-45 mg / kg lub cev hnyav / hnub (hais txog amoxicillin), muab faib ua 2 zaug.

Txhawm rau kom muaj kev noj tshuaj kom zoo, ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 ml raug tso rau hauv txhua pob ntawm cov raj xa dej, kawm tiav ib txhij hauv 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ml thiab 4 qhov sib luag.

Pom zoo kom muab qhov ncua sij hawm nyob ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam thiab qhov mob hnyav tau kis.

Lub cev hnyav (kg)	Hnub nyoog (kwv yees)	Kev kis mob hnyav	Kab mob sib kis
5-10	3-12 hlis	2 × 2.5 ml (1 /₂ xa khoom)	2 × 1.25 ml (1 /₄ xa khoom)
10-15	1-2 xyoos	2 × 3.75 ml (3 /₄ xa khoom)	2 × 2.5 ml (1 /₂ xa khoom)
15-20	2-4 xyoos	2 × 5 ml (1 pipette)	2 × 3.75 ml (3 /₄ xa khoom)
20-30	4-6 xyoos	2 × 7.5 ml (1 1 /₂ xa khoom)	2 × 5 ml (1 pipette)
30-40	6-10 xyoo	2 × 10 ml (2 pipettes)	2 × 6.5 ml (1 1 /₄ xa khoom)

Cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yog xam raws li lub cev qhov hnyav ntawm tus me nyuam, thiab tsis yog nws lub hnub nyoog.

Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv txhua hnub ntawm amoxicillin yog rau ntawm cov neeg laus 6 g rau cov menyuam - 45 mg / kg lub cev hnyav.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws txhua hnub koob tshuaj clavulanic acid (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov poov tshuaj ntsev) yog rau ntawm cov neeg laus 600 mg rau cov menyuam - 10 mg / kg lub cev hnyav.

Ntawm cov neeg mob lub raum tsis ua haujlwm (CC tsawg dua 10 ml / min) cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau txo qis txaus lossis qhov sib nrug ntawm ob koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv (nrog anuria txog 48 teev lossis ntau dua).

Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yog 5-14 hnub. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ntawm kev kho mob yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws khomob koom nrog. Txoj kev kho yuav tsum tsis pub ntev tshaj 14 hnub yam tsis muaj kev kuaj mob zaum ob.

Cov kev cai npaj rau kev npaj ntawm qhov raug ncua

Hmoov rau qhov kev npaj tawm ntawm 125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml: co lub raj mis sib zog, ntxiv 86 ml dej (rau qhov cim) hauv ob zaug, txhua lub sij hawm co zoo kom txog thaum cov hmoov yaj tas.

Hmoov rau qhov kev npaj tawm ntawm 250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml: co lub raj mis kom khov, ntxiv dej 85 ml (txog li cim) hauv ob zaug, txhua lub sij hawm co zoo kom txog thaum cov hmoov yaj tas.

Hmoov rau qhov kev npaj tawm ntawm 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 ml: khov kho co lub raj mis, ntxiv dej hauv qhov nyiaj uas teev hauv daim ntawv qhia thiab qhia hauv lub rooj (rau qhov cim) hauv ob zaug, txhua lub sij hawm tshee zoo kom txog thaum cov hmoov yaj tag.

Vial loj	Qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov dej
35 ml	29,5 ml
50 ml	42 ml
70 ml	59 ml
140 ml	118 ml

Ua ntej siv, lub vial yuav tsum tau co khov kho.

Amoxiclav: muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhia txog kev siv

Amoxiclav yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem siv los kho ntau yam kabmob, pib mob ntsws thiab xaus rau cov mob raum. Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj yog:

Lub koom haum pab Amoxiclav suav nrog:

Na citrate
citric acid
xanthan ntawm cov pos hniav,
Na benzoate,
colloidal silicon dioxide,
carmellose Na,
Na saccharin,
tsw zoo nkauj (kua txiv, pos nphuab, txiv qaub),
mannitol.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog kho mob tsuas yog tias qhov ua rau muaj tus kabmob yog cov kab mob tsis zoo. Amoxiclav rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus tau raug samfwm rau kev kis tus kabmob sab sauv thiab qis thiab kab mob ENT. Xws li cov txheej txheem o muaj:

tonsillitis (tonsillitis),
Mob ntsws mob los yog mob mus ntev,
mob otitis tshaj tawm
pharyngitis
pyelonephritis,
pharyngeal rwj,
mob hlab ntsws
mob ntsws
mob ntsws

Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem paub zoo:

Txoj kev tso tawm: ncua kev kawm thiab ntsiav tshuaj

Txoj kev lag luam pharmacological muab rau tus neeg siv khoom ob hom kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kabmob. Qhov thib ib yog tshuaj ntsuab. Nws yog qhov haum rau cov laus. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm daim ntawv no yog tias cov ntsiav tshuaj yooj yim rau siv nyob txhua qhov chaw, soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txais neeg mob. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv koob tshuaj 250 thiab 500 mg ntawm amoxicillin thiab 125 mg ntawm clavulanic acid. Hauv lub hlwv - 15 lossis 20 ntsiav tshuaj.

Qhov thib ob daim ntawv tso tawm yog hmoov los ntawm qhov kev ncua ntawv yog npaj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau tus menyuam yaus kom tau txais amoxiclav hauv daim ntawv no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas tseem tsis paub yuav ua li cas ntxo lossis nqos ntsiav tshuaj.

Cov lus hauv qab no qhia cov tshuaj noj uas Amoxiclav hmoov rau menyuam yaus ua:

Qhov hno tag nrho hauv 5 ml ntawm kev ncua, mg	Kev noj tshuaj ntawm amoxicillin, mg	Koob tshuaj clavulanic acid, mg
125	125	31,25
250	250	62,5
400	400	57

Cov hmoov thiab cov tshem tawm tau npaj yog xim dawb lossis daj dawb. Cov khoom lag luam muaj nyob rau hauv cov khob tsaus ntim nrog tus ntim ntawm 100 ml. Hauv lub raj mis muaj 25 grams hmoov. Cov ntim tau nruab nrog ntsuas rab diav lossis ntsuas lub raj. Yuav npaj cov kev ncua li cas, koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov lus qhia txuas nrog thiab saib cov yeeb yaj kiab rau kab lus nrog kab lus kev qhia ntawm ib qib zuj zus.

Yuav ua li cas los xam qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj?

Txhawm rau kom tshwm sim sai tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txo qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab kom zoo cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas thiab tsim nyog txhawm rau thiab muab me nyuam phoov los yog ntsiav tshuaj rau haus.

Txhawm rau kom haum ib qho ntawm Amoxiclav, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum raug xam tias yog:

tus me nyuam lub hnub nyoog
qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob me
kab mob tshwj xeeb
qhov mob hnyav heev ntawm tus kab mob.

Rau cov menyuam yaus los ntawm tsib lub hlis mus txog kaum xyoo nrog qhov nruab nrab qhov hnyav ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm tus txheej txheem sib kis, nws txaus los mus zom cov hmoov nrog qhov tshuaj ntawm 125 mg. Yog tias mob angina, mob ntsws lossis lwm yam kab mob nyuaj, ces txoj kev hais daws no yog siv nrog cov tshuaj tua kabmob ua kom muaj li 250 lossis 400 mg.

Hauv kev ncua - rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua kaum ob xyoos

Thaum siv daim ntawv hmoov, thawj kauj ruam yog los npaj qhov raug tshem tawm. Ua li no, nchuav cov hmoov nrog dej hauv lub raj mis kom muaj kev pheej hmoo uas muaj nyob rau ntawm nws cov iav iav. Dej yuav tsum tau muab rhaub thiab txias. Tom qab qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau co, kom nws tov.Qhov npaj ncua kev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis pub dhau ib lim piam hauv lub tub yees.

Siv ntsuas ntsuas diav los yog cov koob txhaj tshuaj, ntsuas qhov yuav tsum tau ntim ntawm cov phoov. Ntau npaum li cas raws li yuav tsum tau muab cov kua dej rau cov me nyuam mus txog ib xyoos lossis cov menyuam loj dua tuaj yeem pom hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv. Nws muaj cov ntxhuav thiab qhia txog yuav siv lawv li cas laij cov tshuaj kom raug. Thaum sau ntawv yuav siv tshuaj tua kab mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum qhia qhov koob tshuaj rau qee kis, xam rau hnub nyoog thiab tus kab mob, thiab tseem hais tias koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj pes tsawg hnub.

Yog tias tus me nyuam tsis tau txog 3 hlis, ces kev siv tshuaj txhua hnub yog 30 mg rau 1 kilogram ntawm qhov hnyav. Cov tshuaj tau noj nyob rau txhua 12 teev twg. Tom qab 3 lub hlis, cov koob tshuaj yog 20 mg rau ib phaus, tab sis cov tshuaj tau muab txhua 8 teev. Qhov no muaj mob sib khuav lossis mob pes tsawg. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws nce mus txog 40 mg / kg nrog tib lub sijhawm.

Yuav kom yooj yim, cov hauv qab no yog qhov tsuas tshuaj ntawm Amoxiclav raug muab ncua cia rau cov hnub nyoog sib txawv hauv teaspoons:

Muaj hnub nyoog menyuam	Dosage, teaspoons	Cov naj npawb ntawm cov txais tos ib hnub
3-12 hlis	1/2	3
1-7 xyoos	1	3
7-14 xyoo	2	3

Hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj - rau cov menyuam loj dua

Daim foos tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob Amoxiclav yog tsim rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 12-14 xyoos. Ib ntsiav tshuaj muaj 375 mg ntawm cov khoom xyaw dhia. Lawv txhaj peb zaug nyob rau ib hnub, ib ntsiav tshuaj.

Cov koob tshuaj nws txawv nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Nrog rau angina, cov menyuam yaus raug muab ib ntsiav tshuaj nrog ntu ncua ntev li 8 teev, nrog rau lwm tus kabmob - txhua 12 teev. Thaum muaj mob hnyav, tus kws khomob tuaj koom yuav nce ib koob kom tau txais txiaj ntsig sai.

Yuav muab cov tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog sib txawv li cas?

Txawm li cas los xij ntawm tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, muaj cov cai tswj kev noj Amoxiclav:

Txais tos nrog zaub mov. Yog tias koj haus cov tshuaj nrog zaub mov, qhov no txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv los ntawm cov hnyuv plab.
Kev npaj ntawm kev ncua ua ntej siv.
Saib xyuas tus mob ntawm tus menyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas txhua yam kev hloov pauv ntawm tus mob thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg mob me, ob qho tib si zoo thiab tsis zoo. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj thiab mus sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij.
Tsis txhob cuam tshuam kev kawm. Cov nyhuv yog tsau tom qab kho tau tiav.
Saib xyuas hnub tas sij hawm. Nws muaj 2 xyoos. Kev tshem tawm tiav yog khaws cia hauv lub tub yees rau tsis pub dhau 7 hnub.
Ua raws cov koob tshuaj uas tau noj.
Kev tswj cov mob ntawm ob lub raum, daim siab thiab ntshav tawm mus.

Nrog mob me mus rau mob nrab

Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj noj hauv ntau lub sijhawm txiav txim siab tsis yog tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, tab sis nws lub cev qhov hnyav, vim tias tag nrho cov menyuam yaus sib txawv, thiab lawv qhov hnyav nyob rau tib lub hnub nyoog sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov loj heev ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob.

Raws li rau cov mob sib khuav thiab me ntawm cov kab mob, tom qab ntawv tus txheej txheem yog siv rau. Kev ncua ntawm 125 lossis 250 ml yog sau tseg peb zaug ib hnub. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom haus ib cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau 5-7 hnub. Muaj tseeb, nws yog nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob kom txiav txim siab qhov no. Tsis txhob ywj siab tshaj lub sijhawm, zaus lossis txhua hnub ntim. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai thiab hem nrog cov teeb meem. Yog tias cov nyhuv tsis tshwm sim nrog kev xaiv tshuaj kho, ces cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis haum rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tshwj xeeb.

Hauv kev kis mob hnyav

Hais txog qhov mob hnyav ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, cov qauv hloov. Txog kev kho, ncua kev kawm nrog cov ntsiab lus tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 400 mg yog qhov zoo dua. Lawv tseem raug samfwm kom haus peb zaug ib hnub. Txoj kev kho yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom. Tsuas yog nrog nws kev tso cai thiaj tuaj yeem hloov kho tau. Piv txwv li, qhov ntim txhua hnub nce ntxiv los ntawm ib feem peb los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev xaiv. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ob lub lis piam. Hauv qhov no, qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim yog dab tsi?

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog cov cuab yeej siv uas muaj txiaj ntsig sai. Muaj qhov tsis zoo - qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov kev phiv tshuaj. Qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob Amoxiclav ntau ntxiv cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab ua rau nws tus kheej ua xua. Hauv thawj kis, tus menyuam muaj:

tsis qab los noj mov
ntuav
xeev siab
zawv plab
dysbiosis.

Ntau tsawg dua, kev noj Amoxiclav nrog rau mob hauv plab, colitis, mob siab, mob siab, mob siab, daj ntseg. Raws li rau kev fab tshuaj tsis haum, nws ua tau nws tus kheej li:

Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev mob tsis zoo saum toj no, lwm cov kab ke hauv lub cev kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsis zoo: hematopoietic, lymphatic, mob txeeb zig thiab lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab ntsha. Tus menyuam tshwm tuaj:

thrombocytopenia
leukopenia
anemia
eosinophilia
tus mob pancytopenia
crystalluria
interstitial nephritis,
kiv taub hau
mob taub hau
hyperactivity
pw tsaug zog
ntxhov siab dhau
cramps.

Npe

Cov npe tshuaj Lavxias yog Amoxiclav, Latin - Amoksiklav.

Tus lej tshuaj hauv ATX (kev tiv thaiv-kho-tshuaj-tshuaj lom neeg) kev faib tawm yog J01CR02.

Amoxiclav yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw los ntawm pawg ntawm kev tiv thaiv penicillins.

Tso cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov nyob ua ke

Amoxiclav 400 mg yog muag hauv cov hmoov ntawv, uas yog diluted kom tau txais kev ncua. Lub hmoov dawb dawb los yog daj me ntsis. Cov tshuaj nquag (amoxicillin) yog tam sim no hauv daim ntawv ntawm trihydrate. Tus nqi ntawm cov poov tshuaj ntsev beta-lactamase inhibitor yog 57 mg. Ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke suav nrog cov pos hniav, sodium benzoate, citric acid, mannitol, flavings, silicon dioxide thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw. Lub hmoov ntim rau hauv lub raj mis (nrog lub pob ntawv) thiab cov thawv ntawv cardboard.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

Amoxiclav 400 yog kho rau cov kab mob nram qab no:

Cov kab mob ntawm ENT plab hnyuv siab raum thiab cov kab mob hauv lub ntsws (otitis media, ua rau lub qhov txhab, mob ua paug pharyngeal, ua mob rau cov qog ua paug, mob ntsws thiab pharynx).
Kev mob ntsws mob ntsws thiab mob ntsws.
Kev kis mob ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary (urethritis, cystitis, mob rau lub raum, endometritis, kev puas tsuaj rau lub uterine appendages, vulvovaginitis).
Kev kis mob ntawm pob txha (osteomyelitis) thiab cov nqaij mos sib txuas.
Kev mob ntawm lub gallbladder thiab bile ducts.
Tsiaj tom.
Daim tawv nqaij mob (pyoderma).
Cov kab mob tsis xwm yeem ntawm keeb kwm ntawm hniav puas.

Amoxiclav 400 tau sau tseg rau cov kab mob ntawm cov kabmob ENT thiab hauv lub siab ua pa.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau sau tseg nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary (urethritis, cystitis, mob ntawm lub raum, endometritis, kev puas tsuaj rau lub tsev menyuam, vulvovaginitis).
Kev kis mob ntawm pob txha thiab cov nqaij mos sib kis tau raug kho rau kev kho mob ntawm Amoxiclav 400.
Nrog rau qhov o ntawm lub qog thiab cov kua tsib, cov tshuaj tua kab mob no tau sau tseg.
Amoxiclav raug tshuaj rau tsiaj kis.
Cov tshuaj yog tawm rau cov tawv nqaij (pyoderma).
Nrog rau mob ntsws thiab ntsws thiab mob ntsws, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tau sau tseg.

Cov tshuaj siv tau dav siv hauv kev kuaj mob hauv lub cev thiab kev kho mob poj niam lub cev.

Yuav noj Amoxiclav 400 licas

Thaum kws kho mob muab tshuaj rau tus neeg muag tshuaj rau kev nkag mus, lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov neeg mob thiab lawv tus mob tau raug coj los siv.

Qhov muab tshuaj rau cov neeg laus yog 25-45 mg / kg. Cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2,085 mg. Cov pob ntawv muaj cov diav ntsuas nrog lub ntim ntawm 5 ml lossis pob zeb tiav. Qhov tshuaj ntau kawg (rau amoxicillin) yog 6 g. Cov tshuaj yog noj ob zaug ib hnub nrog zaub mov noj.

Koob tshuaj rau cov me nyuam

Rau cov menyuam yaus txij li 3 hlis txog rau ib xyoos uas hnyav 5-10 kg, cov tshuaj tau raug sau nyob rau hauv qhov ntau npaum ntawm ¼ lossis ½ pipette, nyob ntawm seb qhov mob loj npaum li cas 2 zaug hauv ib hnub. Rau cov menyuam yaus 1-2 xyoos thiab hnyav 10-15 kg, koob tshuaj pom zoo yog los ntawm ½ txog ¾ pipettes. Cov menyuam yaus hauv 2-3 xyoos nrog qhov hnyav txog 15-20 kg tau sau tseg los ntawm ¾ txog 1 chav tsev. 2 zaug ib hnub. Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb tsis muaj hnub nyoog, tab sis qhov hnyav ntawm tus me nyuam.

Lub cim tseem ceeb ua kom tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis yog hnub nyoog, tab sis qhov hnyav ntawm tus me nyuam.

Lub plab zom mov

Thaum noj tshuaj, cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub plab zom mov (xeev siab, tsis qab los noj mov, tso quav sai, mob hauv plab, ntuav) yog qhov ua tau. Hauv cov xwm txheej loj, nws muaj:

Qhov muag daj Nws tshwm sim vim yog stagnation ntawm bile.
Kab mob siab.
Pseudomembranous mob plab.
Nce theem ntawm cov ntshav enzymes (ALT thiab AST).

Ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev noj tshuaj tuaj yeem yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob siab.
Kev mob caj dab pseudomembranous yog ib qho mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv Amoxiclav.
Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, muaj qhov nce ntawm qib ntawm daim siab enzymes.
Thaum noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov mob hnyav, pom lub ntsej muag daj.
Thaum noj tshuaj, cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub plab zom mov (xeev siab, tsis qab los noj mov) yog qhov ua tau.

Los ntawm cov kab mob zis

Qee tus neeg mob tsim muaj cov mob nephritis (mob rau lub raum). Qhov ntau ntau cov ntsev yuav tshwm nyob rau hauv cov zis.

Thaum siv Amoxiclav, kev fab tshuaj tshwm sim (liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, papular ua pob ntawm hom urticaria, khaus, angioedema, dermatitis, poob siab thiab Stevens-Johnson syndrome).

Thaum siv Amoxiclav, kev tawm tsam tshwm sim (liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, papular ua pob ntawm hom urticaria, khaus, thiab lwm yam).

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Kev siv tib lub sijhawm Amoxiclav 400 nrog antacids, glucosamine-based chondroprotectors, aminoglycosides, qhov ncauj tiv thaiv kab mob, methotrexate, allopurinol, disulfiram, anticoagulants, macrolides, tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm pawg tetracycline thiab sulfonamides tsis pom zoo. Txo cov tshuaj Amoxiclav Probenecid.

Ib qho kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj amoxiclav hauv cov ntshav tau nce los ntawm:

Amoxiclav 400 analogues yog Amoxiclav Quiktab thiab Augmentin (ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm nws).

Cov analogue ntawm Amoxiclav 400 yog Augmentin.

Hnub tas sij hawm

Cov hmoov no tau khaws cia li 2 xyoos txij hnub nws npaj. Qhov xaus kev ncua yog tsim nyog rau ib lub lim tiam yog tias khaws cia hauv tub yees ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 2 ... + 8ºC hauv lub hwj kaw.

Cov kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas txog cov tshuaj Amoxiclav: kev taw qhia, kev tswj hwm, kev mob tshwm sim, analogues Amoxiclav cov lus qhia txog kev siv Amoxiclav Amoxiclav ntsiav tshuaj | analogues

Amoxiclav 400 Xyuas

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg siv tshuaj lag luam yog feem ntau zoo.

Yuri, 47 xyoo, Kostroma: “Amoxiclav feem ntau hais txog rau kuv cov neeg mob uas raug mob los ntawm tus mob ntawm poj niam lub cev. Cov kev kho mob tau zoo tshaj plaws ua raws li cov cai ntawm poj niam nyiam huv. "

Valery, 32 xyoo, Vorkuta: “Amoxiclav pab tau zoo ntawm cov kabmob ENT, nrog rau pob ntseg hauv nruab nrab. Cov tshuaj pheej pheej yig thiab tsis tshua muaj kev phiv. "

Alena, 28 xyoo, Moscow: “Tsis ntev los no ib tug me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog 4 xyoos muaj tus mob ntsws ntsws hnoos qhuav. Kho nrog Amoxiclav 400 hauv cov hmoov ntawv. Cuab yeej zoo kawg. "

Daim ntawv noj tshuaj:

hmoov rau kev ncua rau kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj.

Txhua txhua 5 ml ntawm kev ncua ntawm 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 ml muaj:
yam tshuaj: amoxicillin (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm trihydrate) nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub tshuaj nquag - 400 mg, clavulanic acid (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev) nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub active tshuaj - 57 mg, tus zam: citric acid (anhydrous) - 2.694 mg, sodium citrate (anhydrous) - 8.335 mg, microcrystalline cellulose thiab sodium carmellose - 28.1 mg, xanthan ntawm cov pos hniav - 10.0 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 16.667 mg, silicon dioxide - 0.217 g, qus cherry tsw zoo - 4,000 mg, txiv qaub tsw - 4,000 mg, sodium saccharinate - 5,500 mg, mannitol txog 1250 mg.
Txhua txhua 5 ml ntawm kev ncua ntawm 250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml muaj:
yam tshuaj: amoxicillin (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm trihydrate) nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov tshuaj nquag - 250 mg, clavulanic acid (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev) nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov tshuaj nquag - 62,5 mg, tus zam: citric acid (anhydrous) - 2.167 mg, sodium citrate (anhydrous) - 8.335 mg, sodium benzoate - 2.085 mg, microcrystalline cellulose thiab sodium carmellose - 28.1 mg, xanthan ntawm cov pos hniav - 10.0 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 16.667 mg, silicon dioxide - 0.217 g, qus cherry tsw zoo - 4,000 mg, sodium saccharinate - 5,500 mg, mannitol txog 1250 mg.
Txhua txhua 5 ml ntawm kev ncua ntawm 125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml muaj:
yam tshuaj: amoxicillin (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm trihydrate) nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov tshuaj nquag - 125 mg, clavulanic acid (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev) nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub tshuaj nquag - 31.25 mg, tus zam: citric acid (anhydrous) - 2.167 mg, sodium citrate (anhydrous) - 8.335 mg, sodium benzoate - 2.085 mg, microcrystalline cellulose thiab sodium carmellose - 28.1 mg, xanthan ntawm cov pos hniav - 10.0 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 16.667 mg, silicon dioxide - 0.217 g, txiv pos nphuab - 15,000 mg, sodium saccharinate - 5,500 mg, mannitol txog 1250 mg.

Kev piav qhia: hmoov: los ntawm dawb mus rau daj dawb.
Kev Raug Ncua yuav luag dawb rau daj daj xim hauv homogeneous kev ncua.

Cov chaw muag tshuaj

Cov Tshuaj Hauv Tshuaj
Mechanism ntawm kev ua
Amoxicillin yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau tshaj ib nrab hnub nrog kev ua si tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob gram-positive thiab gram-tsis zoo. Tib lub sijhawm, amoxicillin tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm beta-lactamases, thiab yog li ntawd cov spectrum ntawm kev ua ntawm amoxicillin tsis txuas ntxiv rau cov kab mob me me uas tsim cov enzyme no.
Clavulanic acid, beta-lactamase inhibitor yam ntxwv cuam tshuam txog penicillins, muaj peev xwm tsis muaj peev xwm tsis muaj peev xwm ua ntau yam ntawm beta-lactamases pom muaj nyob rau hauv penicillin thiab cephalosporin tiv taus cov kab mob me me. Clavulanic acid muaj kev ua tau zoo txaus los tiv thaiv plasmid beta-lactamases, uas feem ntau ua rau cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tawm tsam hom I chromosome beta-lactamases, uas tsis yog tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm clavulanic acid.
Muaj cov clavulanic acid nyob rau hauv kev npaj tiv thaiv amoxicillin los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov enzymes - beta-lactamases, uas tso cai rau nthuav cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm amoxicillin.
Hauv qab no yog cov haujlwm ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin nrog clavulanic acid hauv vitro.

Gram-zoo aerobes: Bacillus anthracis, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Streptococcus pyogenes 1,2, Streptococcus agalactiae 1,2, lwm yam beta hemolytic steptococci 1,2, Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-rhiab) 1, Staphylo (mob) coagulase-negative staphylococci (rhiab rau methicillin).
Gram-negative aerobes: Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae 1, Helicobacter pylori, Moraxella catarrhalis 1, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pasteurella multocida, Vibrio cholerae.
Lwm yam: Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, Treponema pallidum.
Gram-positive anaerobes: hom ntawm lub genus Clostridium, Peptococcus niger, Peptostrepiococcus magnus, Peptostreptococcus micros, hom tsiaj ntawm genus Peptostreptococcus.
Gram-negative anaerobes: Bacteroides fragilis, hom genus Bacteroides, hom genus Capnocytophaga, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, hom ntawm genus Fusobacterium, hom ntawm genus Porphyromonas, hom ntawm genus Prevotella.

Cov kab mob rau cov uas kis tau kuj yuav ntxim
rau kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin nrog clavulanic acid

Gram-negative aerobes: Escherichia coli1, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, hom ntawm genus Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, hom ntawm genus Proteus, hom ntawm genus Salmonella, hom kab ntawm genus Shigella. Tus kab mob Streptococcus pneumoniae 1,2, pab pawg streptococcus Viridans.
Gram-zoo aerobes: hom tsiaj ntawm cov genus Corynebacterium, Enterosocus faecium.

Ntxig Txawv Heev Kab Mob
rau kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin nrog clavulanic acid

Gram-negative aerobes: hom ntawm genus Acinetobacter, Citrobacter freundii, hom tsiaj ntawm hom genus Enterobacter, Hafnia alvei, Legionella pneumophila, Morganella morganii, hom tsiaj ntawm Genus Providencia, hom kab mob genus Pseudomonas, hom kab mob genus Serratia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Yersinia.
Lwm yam: Tus mob Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, hom kab mob genus Chlamydia, Coxiella burnetii, hom kab mob genus Mycoplasma.
1 rau cov kab mob no, kev kho mob ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin nrog clavulanic acid tau ua kom pom hauv kev tshawb fawb.
2 hom ntawm cov kab mob no tsis tsim cov beta-lactamases.Kev nkag siab nrog amoxicillin monotherapy qhia zoo ib yam li kev nkag siab zoo rau kev sib xyaw ntawm amoxicillin nrog clavulanic acid.

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics
Xuas
Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm hauv cov tshuaj sai sai thiab ua kom tiav los ntawm kev mob plab (GIT) tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj. Kev rho tawm ntawm cov tshuaj nquag yog qhov zoo dua nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj nrog zaub mov.
Hauv qab no yog cov tshuaj pharmacokinetic ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid tom qab kev siv tshuaj ntawm 45 mg / 6.4 mg / kg, muab faib ua ob zaug, los ntawm cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos.

Qhov nruab nrab tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj pharmacokinetic

Сmax - siab tshaj plaws ntshav concentration,

Tmax - lub sijhawm kom mus txog cov ntshav siab tshaj plaws,
AUC yog thaj chaw hauv qab nkhaus "concentration-sijhawm",
T1 / 2 - ib nrab-lub neej.

Kev zom zaub mov
Kwv yees li 10-25% ntawm kev pib noj cov tshuaj amoxicillin raug tso tawm los ntawm lub raum ua lub zog tsis haum (penicilloic acid). Clavulanic acid nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev yauv ua rau lub cev hnyav nrog kev tsim cov 2,5-dihydro-4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -5-oxo-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid thiab 1-amino-4-hydroxy-butan-2-ib thiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub raum, los ntawm lub plab zom mov, nrog rau lub tshuab pa tawm, nrog rau cov pa roj carbon dioxide.
Kev xa Khoom
Raws li nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid, kev kho mob ntau ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kua dej interstitial (hauv lub plab hauv plab, cov nqaij hauv lub plab, tawv nqaij, adipose thiab cov leeg nqaij, synovial thiab peritoneal kua, kua tsib, thiab purulent tawm) Cov.
Amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid muaj qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev cog lus rau cov ntshav protein. Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias kwv yees li 25% ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj clavulanic acid thiab 18% ntawm amoxicillin hauv ntshav plasma khi rau cov ntshav plasma protein.
Qhov faib tawm ntau yog kwv yees 0.3-0.4 L / kg rau amoxicillin thiab kwv yees li 0.2 L / kg rau clavulanic acid.
Amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid tsis hla cov ntshav-hlwb teeb meem hauv kev tsis txaus ntshai. Amoxicillin (zoo li feem ntau penicillins) raug tso tawm hauv niam cov kua mis.
Cov kab ntawm clavulanic acid kuj tseem yuav pom nyob hauv niam cov kua mis. Dhau ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm lub qhov ncauj, raws plab, thiab candidiasis ntawm lub qhov ncauj cov qog ua paug, tsis muaj lwm qhov tsis zoo ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam mos-mis pub mis paub.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj yug me nyuam tau pom tias amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid hla qhov chaw teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab.
Chaw Sau Ntawv
Amoxicillin tsuas yog tawm los ntawm lub raum, thaum clavulanic acid los ntawm ob lub raum thiab ntxiv kev ua haujlwm. Tom qab ib qho kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm 875 mg / 125 mg lossis 500 mg / 125 mg, kwv yees li 60-70% ntawm amoxicillin thiab 40-65% ntawm clavulanic acid raug tshem tawm tsis hloov pauv los ntawm lub raum thaum thawj 6 teev.
Qhov nruab nrab ib nrab-lub neej (T1 / 2) ntawm amoxicillin / clavulanic acid yog kwv yees li 1 teev; qhov ntsuas qhov nruab nrab tag nrho yog kwv yees li 25 l / teev hauv cov neeg mob noj qab haus huv. Hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb, nws pom tias kev tso tawm ntawm amoxicillin los ntawm ob lub raum hauv 24 teev yog kwv yees li 50-85%, clavulanic acid - 27-60%.
Qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm clavulanic acid tau tawm hauv thawj 2 teev tom qab kev coj noj coj ua.
Cov tshuaj pharmacokinetics ntawm amoxicillin / clavulanic acid tsis yog nyob ntawm tus neeg mob poj niam txiv neej.
Cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm zoo
Tag nrho kev tshem tawm ntawm amoxicillin / clavulanic acid txo qis hauv kev faib ua feem kom txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum. Qhov txo qis hauv kev tshem tawm yog ntau tshaj tawm rau amoxicillin dua li rau clavulanic acid, vim tias feem ntau ntawm amoxicillin yog ua tawm los ntawm lub raum. Kev noj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau xaiv coj mus rau hauv qhov kev xav tsis txaus txog kev khaws cia ntawm amoxicillin thaum tswj hwm qhov ib txwm muaj ntawm clavulanic acid.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo
Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab tsis ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj siv nrog ceev faj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los soj ntsuam daim siab ua haujlwm tas li.
Ob qho kev sib xyaw ua ke raug tshem tawm los ntawm hemodialysis thiab cov khoom me me los ntawm peritoneal lim ntshav.

Siv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab thaum pub niam mis

Cov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj tsis tau qhia txog cov kev phom sij ntawm kev noj tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub thiab nws cov nyhuv ntawm kev loj hlob hauv cov menyuam hauv plab.
Hauv ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav hauv cov poj niam nrog kev puas tsuaj ua ntej ntawm lub qog ua kua dej, nws tau pom tias kev tiv thaiv prophylactic nrog amoxicillin / clavulanic acid yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm necrotizing enterocolitis hauv cov menyuam mos.
Thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, cov tshuaj tsuas yog siv yog tias lub hom phiaj muaj txiaj ntsig rau leej niam tshaj qhov ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tus menyuam thiab menyuam.
Amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid hauv cov khoom me me nkag mus rau hauv niam cov kua mis, yog li ntawd, noj cov tshuaj thaum pub niam mis yuav tsum txuas txuas ntxiv yog tias muaj cov cim qhia meej.
Hauv cov menyuam mos tau txais kev pub niam mis, kev txhim kho ntawm kev xav rhiab, raws plab, zais plab ntawm lub plab ntawm lub qhov ncauj ua tau. Thaum zoo li no, kev pub mis niam yuav tsum tsis ua mus ntxiv.

Sab sij huam

Raws li Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (WHO), cov kev tsis zoo yuav raug cais raws li lawv qhov kev loj hlob raws li hauv qab no: nquag heev (> 1/10), nquag (> 1/100, 1/1000, 1/10000, los ntawm hematopoietic plab hnyuv siab raum thiab lymphatic) lub system
tsis tshua muaj: thim rov qab cov leukopenia (suav nrog neutropenia), thrombocytopenia,
tsis tshua muaj: eosinophilia, thrombocytosis, thim rov qab agranulocytosis, kev nce ntshav hauv lub sijhawm thiab kev thim rov qab rau lub sijhawm prothrombin, ntshav tsis txaus, suav nrog thim rov qab hemolytic anemia.
Los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob
tsis tshua muaj: angioedema, anaphylactic kev hloov pauv, kev tsis haum tshuaj vasculitis, ib yam mob zoo li mob ntshav dej.
Los ntawm lub paj hlwb tawg
pheej: kiv tob hau, mob taub hau,
Tsis tshua muaj: insomnia, ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab vim, hloov tus cwj pwm, thim rov qab hyperactivity, convulsions, convulsions tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, zoo li hauv cov neeg uas tau txais siab ntau ntawm cov tshuaj.
Los ntawm cov mob hauv plab zom mov
feem ntau: tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab,
Xeev siab yog tshwm sim muaj ntau dua thaum noj cov koob tshuaj loj. Yog tias kev ua txhaum ntawm lub plab zom mov tau paub tseeb, lawv tuaj yeem tshem tawm yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj thaum pib noj mov.
pheej: lub plab zom mov
Tsis tshua muaj: cov kab mob tua tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob (suav nrog rau cov mob ua paug thiab hemorrhagic colitis), tus nplaig dub “muaj ntsej muag”, mob plab, mob plab.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov pom ntawm txheej txheej ntawm txheej hniav txha hniav laus yog qhov tsis tshua pom muaj tshwm sim. Kev tu xyuas hniav yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm tus hniav txha hniav laus.
Ntawm ib sab ntawm daim tawv nqaij
pheej: daim tawv nqaij ua pob, khaus, urticaria,
tsis tshua muaj: erythema multiforme exudative,
tsis tshua muaj: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, mob ua paug rau daim tawv nqaij ua kom tsis haum ntshav, ua rau lub cev ua paug, mob ua paug, txhaws txhaws tus txha nqaj qaum.
Los ntawm cov kab mob zis
Tsis tshua muaj: crystalluria, mob interstitial nephritis, hematuria.
Ntawm ib sab ntawm daim siab thiab cov hnyuv
pheej: kev ua si ntau ntxiv ntawm alanine aminotransferase (ALT) thiab / lossis aspartate aminotransferase (AST), (qhov tshwm sim no tau pom hauv cov neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob beta-lactam, tab sis nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob tsis paub).
Kev phiv tshuaj los ntawm daim siab raug pom muaj feem ntau hauv cov txiv neej thiab cov neeg laus laus thiab yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev kho lub sij hawm ntev. Cov xwm txheej tsis zoo no tsis tshua pom muaj hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Cov cim npe thiab cov tsos mob feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lossis tom qab tas kev kho, txawm li cas los xij qee zaum qee zaum lawv yuav tsis tshwm sim rau ntau lub lis piam tom qab kev kho tiav. Cov xwm txheej tsis zoo yog cov thim rov qab.
Kev phiv tshuaj los ntawm daim siab tuaj yeem yog qhov hnyav, muaj qee qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg ceeb toom kev ua kom tuag taus. Yuav luag txhua qhov teeb meem no, cov no yog cov neeg uas muaj mob hnyav nrog lub cev lossis cov neeg tau txais cov tshuaj hepatotoxic ib txhij.
tsis tshua muaj: nce qib ntawm alkaline phosphatase, ntau ntxiv ntawm bilirubin, kab mob siab, mob cholestatic daj ntseg (sau tseg nrog kev kho concomitant nrog lwm tus penicillins thiab cephalosporins).
Lwm yam
feem ntau: candidiasis ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias,
tsis paub zaus: kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ua tsis tau zoo.

Daim ntawv tso tawm

Hmoov rau kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov ncauj
Rau qhov ntau npaum ntawm 125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml thiab 250 mg + 62.5 mg / 5 ml:
Thawj lub ntim: 25 g ntawm hmoov (100 ml ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm tiav) hauv tsaus iav vial nrog lub nplhaib cim (100 ml). Lub raj mis kaw nrog lub hau ntswj ua los ntawm lub siab polyethylene nrog lub nplhaib tswj thiab nrog lub khob conical sab hauv lub hau los yog lub hau ntswj taub hau nrog lub nplhaib tswj, sab hauv lub hau muaj lub gasket ua los ntawm tsawg ntom ntom polyethylene.
Ntim theem ob:
Ib lub raj mis nrog ib rab diav tshuaj noj nrog annular cim hauv kab noj hniav ntawm 2.5 ml thiab 5 ml ("2.5 SS" thiab "5 SS"), lub cim sau ntau tshaj 6 ml ("6 SS") ntawm kev tuav ntawm rab diav thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob hauv lub thawv ntawv.
Ib lub raj mis nrog lub raj tshuaj kom tiav thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj mob hauv thawv ntawv thawv.
Rau qhov ntau npaum ntawm 400 mg + 57 mg / 5 ml:
Thawj lub ntim: 8.75 g (35 ml ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm tiav), 12.50 g (50 ml ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm tiav), 17.50 g (70 ml ntawm qhov kev rho tawm tiav) lossis 35.0 g (140 ml ntawm qhov kev rho tawm tiav) ntawm hmoov hauv lub raj mis tsaus iav nrog lub hau ntswj ua los ntawm qhov siab ceev polyethylene nrog lub nplhaib tswj thiab nrog lub hau kaw ntawm lub hau.
Rau 17.50 g (70 ml ntawm qhov kev raug tshem tawm tas) nyob rau hauv lub khob iav tsaus nrog lub cim annular (70 ml) nrog lub hau ntswj ua los ntawm lub siab ceev polyethylene nrog lub nplhaib tswj thiab nrog conical foob sab hauv lub hau.
Ntim theem ob:
Ib lub raj mis nrog lub raj tshuaj kom tiav thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj mob hauv thawv ntawv thawv.