Yuav siv cov tshuaj Katena li cas?

Nrog rau kev siv gabapentin thiab morphine tib lub sijhawm, thaum morphine raug noj 2 teev ua ntej noj gabapentin, muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj tsam nruab nrab raws li qhov chaw muag tshuaj ntawm "nkaws - lub sijhawm" (AUC) ntawm gabapentin los ntawm 44% piv nrog gabapentin monotherapy, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nce siab hauv qhov mob pib. txias xovxwm ntsuas). Cov kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv no tseem tsis tau tsim; cov pharmacokinetic cov yam ntxwv ntawm morphine tsis tau hloov pauv. Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm morphine thaum noj nrog gabapentin tsis txawv ntawm cov uas thaum noj morphine thaum ua ke nrog cov placebo.
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm gabapentin thiab phenobarbital, phenytoin, valproic acid thiab carbamazepine tsis tau pom. Cov tshuaj pharmacokinetics ntawm gabapentin hauv kev sib npaug yog tib yam hauv cov neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov neeg mob uas tau txais lwm cov tshuaj anticonvulsants.
Kev siv tib lub sij hawm gabapentin nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj uas muaj norethisterone thiab / lossis ethinyl estradiol tsis tau nrog cov kev hloov hauv pharmacokinetics ntawm ob qho.
Kev siv tib lub sij hawm gabapentin nrog antacids muaj txhuas thiab magnesium yog nrog los txo qis hauv bioavailability ntawm gabapentin los ntawm kwv yees li 20%.
Gabapentin raug pom zoo kom noj li ntawm 2 teev tom qab noj tshuaj antacid.
Probenecid tsis cuam tshuam rau lub raum kev ua haujlwm ntawm gabapentin.
Qhov qis me ntsis hauv lub raum ua haujlwm ntawm gabapentin thaum lub sijhawm
noj cov cimetidine tej zaum tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev soj ntsuam.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Nrog rau kev sib koom tes nrog morphine, kev nce siab ntawm cov gabapentin yuav tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov neeg mob rau kev txhim kho xws li lub cim ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub paj hlwb (CNS) li kev qaug zog. Hauv qhov no, koob tshuaj gabapentin lossis morphine yuav tsum tau txo qis txaus (saib "Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj").
Kev tshawb fawb kuaj

Nrog rau kev siv gabapentin thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib xyaw, cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo tau raug sau cia hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov protein hauv cov zis siv Ames N-Multistix SG® cov ntawv ntsuas ntsuas. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov protein nyob hauv cov zis, nws raug nquahu kom siv ntau txoj hauv kev los nag nrog sulfosalicylic acid.

Muaj feem xyuam rau kev muaj peev xwm tsav tsheb thiab cov txheej txheem

Raws li kev soj ntsuam hauv kev soj ntsuam, nws ntseeg tau tias cov nyhuv ntawm betahistine rau kev muaj peev xwm tsav lub tsheb thiab lwm cov txheej txheem tsis tuaj yeem lossis pom qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, vim tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam qhov kev muaj peev xwm no tau pom.

Daim ntawv tso tawm

Cov tshuaj ntsiav 100 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg.
Capsules 100 mg: 10 tsiav tshuaj hauv PVC / Al blister. Ob lub hlwv tau muab tso ua ke nrog cov lus qhia rau kev siv rau hauv thawv ntawv thawv.
Cov tshuaj npuaj 300 mg thiab 400 mg: 10 lub tshuaj ntsiav hauv PVC / Al blister. Tsib lub hlwv muab tso ua ke nrog cov lus qhia rau kev siv rau hauv thawv ntawv thawv.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

Epilepsy: qaug dab peg ib nrab nrog thiab tsis muaj kev xam pom dav dav hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus hnub nyoog dhau 12 xyoos (kho mob monotherapy), qaug dab peg ib feem nrog thiab tsis muaj tus mob theem ob rau cov neeg laus (tshuaj ntxiv), tiv thaiv kev mob sib kis ntawm cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog ntau dua 3 xyoos (tshuaj ntxiv).

Neuropathic mob hauv cov neeg mob laus dua 18 xyoo.

Yuav siv li cas: noj ntau thiab hom tshuaj kho

Sab hauv, tsis hais txog pluas noj.

Tshuaj qaug dab peg Cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus hnub nyoog dhau 12 xyoos: thawj koob Katena yog 300 mg 3 zaug ib hnub ntawm thawj hnub, tshuaj zoo yog 900-3600 mg / hnub. Qhov siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub noj yog 3600 mg (rau 3 koob tshuaj sib npaug). Qhov siab ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj thaum muab tshuaj rau 3 zaug hauv ib hnub yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 12 teev.

Teem raws li cov phiaj xwm hauv qab no yog ua tau (qib xaiv qib). Ntawm koob tshuaj 900 mg: rau thawj hnub - 300 mg 1 zaug ib hnub, thib ob - 300 mg 2 zaug ib hnub, thib peb - ​​300 mg 3 zaug ib hnub, ntawm koob tshuaj 1200 mg: 400 mg 1 zaug ib hnub, 400 mg 2 zaug hauv ib hnub, 400 mg 3 zaug ib hnub ntawm thawj hnub, thib ob thiab peb hnub, ntsig txog.

Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3-12 xyoos: siv tau ntau npaum - 25-35 mg / kg / hnub hauv 3 koob sib npaug. Koj tuaj yeem tso qhov koob tshuaj kom ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv 3 hnub: 10 mg / kg / hnub rau thawj hnub, 20 mg / kg / hnub rau hnub thib ob thiab 30 mg / kg / hnub rau hnub thib peb. Hauv kev tshawb fawb tshuaj ntev, kev zam tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj kom txog li 40-50 mg / kg / hnub tau zoo.

Nws tuaj yeem siv cov phiaj xwm: nrog lub cev qhov hnyav ntawm 17-25 kg - 600 mg / hnub, ntsig txog, nrog 26-36 kg - 900 mg / hnub, nrog 37-50 kg - 1200 mg / hnub, nrog 51-72 kg - 1800 mg / hnub Cov.

Neuropathy hauv cov neeg laus: thawj koob tshuaj Katena yog 300 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub, yog tias tsim nyog, qhov koob tshuaj yog maj mam nce mus txog qhov ntau yog 3600 mg / hnub.

Cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis zoo: nrog CC ntau dua 60 ml / min - 400 mg 3 zaug ib hnub, nrog CC los ntawm 30 txog 60 ml / min - 300 mg 2 zaug ib hnub, nrog CC los ntawm 15 txog 30 ml / min - 300 mg 1 zaug nyob rau ib hnub, nrog CC tsawg dua 15 ml / min - 300 mg txhua lwm hnub.

Nws raug nquahu kom cov neeg mob kho mob hemodialysis uas yav tas los tsis tau txais gabapentin nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj 300-400 mg, thiab tom qab ntawd 200-300 mg txhua 4 teev ntawm hemodialysis.

Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Kev puas ntsoog qaug dab peg yog yam tshwm sim rov ua dua los yog mob hlwb (somnambulism, kiv taub hau, kiv taub hau). Tsis tas li, tus kabmob no yog pom los ntawm kev hloov zuj zus ntawm tus cwm pwm hloov thiab tus mob vwm. Qee lub sij hawm xws li tus kab mob provokes cov tsos ntawm psychoses uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mob los yog mob ntev. Lawv tuaj yeem nrog cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li, piv txwv, ntshai, txhoj puab heev, ua siab ntev, siab txias siab, hnov ​​qab, coj mus rau lwm qhov.

Nyob rau hauv kev tshwm sim uas txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qaug dab peg yog vim muaj somatic pathology, tom qab ntawd lawv hais txog kev muaj mob vwm.

Hauv kev siv tshuaj kho mob, lawv feem ntau ntsib teeb meem hauv ntiaj teb txhaws ntswg. Kev mob siab ua kom pom tseeb nyob hauv tus mob no tau faib tawm tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev nqaij daim tawv ib ntus.

Yuav kho puas tau tus mob vwm? Kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog nqa tawm los ntawm kws kho mob vwm thiab kws kho paj hlwb. Cov kws tshaj lij tau hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav kom tshem tau cov kab mob tas li no. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev mob neuropathic thiab txhim kho tus neeg mob lub neej zoo. Ib qho tshuaj yog Katena (300 mg). Cov lus qhia, tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom sib piv thiab lwm yam ntawm cov cuab yeej no tau hais hauv qab no.

Kev Sau, ntim thiab tso daim foos

Cov tshuaj Katena mus muag qhov twg? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob tau tshaj tawm tias cov cuab yeej zoo li no pom hauv cov khw muag tshuaj tsuas yog hauv cov qauv ntawm cov tsiav tshuaj.

Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm kev noj tshuaj nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yuav txawv. 100 mg tsiav tshuaj (No. 3 loj) yog dawb, 300 mg (No. 1 qhov loj) yog daj, thiab 400 mg (No. 0 loj) yog txiv kab ntxwv.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj yog dawb crystalline hmoov.

Cov tshuaj ntsiav raug muab tso rau hauv cov hlwv thiab cov thawv ntawv thawv.

Dab tsi yog cov nquag ua hauj lwm hauv Katena tshuaj? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tau tshaj tawm tias qhov kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov tshuaj no yog ncaj qha ntsig txog nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb noj - gabapentin. Tsis tas li, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov kev txiav txim siab suav nrog cov khoom sib ntxiv xws li pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, talc thiab lactose monohydrate.

Raws li rau lub hau pliav ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav, nws muaj gelatin, titanium dioxide (E171) thiab daj / liab hlau oxide zas.

Pharmacological kev txiav txim

Tus antiepileptic ua hauj lwm zoo li Katena ua haujlwm li cas? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, nrog rau cov lus qhia txuas nrog muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yog vim muaj gabapentin nyob rau hauv nws, uas yog, tshuaj uas zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv rau neurotransmitter GABA lossis lub npe hu ua gamma-aminobutyric acid. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov kev ua ntawm kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj no yog txawv ntawm cawv ntawm lwm cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog GABA receptors.

Raws li cov lus qhia, gabapentin muaj peev xwm khi rau α2-δ subunit ntawm cov voltage-ywj siab calcium channel, zoo li inhibit qhov ntws ntawm Ca ions, uas yog ib qho ua rau mob neuropathic.

Lwm lub zog

Vim li cas Katena thiaj nrov? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob qhia tias kev noj cov tshuaj no pab txhim kho tus neeg mob cov mob kom zoo. Qhov no feem ntau vim yog qhov tseeb tias nrog kev mob neuropathic, cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm txo cov glutamate-kev tuag ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nce GABA synthesis, thiab tseem cuam tshuam rau kev tso tawm ntawm cov neurotransmitters rau pawg monoamine.

Hauv kev siv tshuaj, cov tshuaj hauv cov lus nug tsis khi rau cov neurotransmitter receptors, suav nrog benzodiazepine, glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate, glycine, GABAA thiab GABAA receptors. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj xws li Carbamazepine thiab Phenytoin, Katena (kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm nws hauv qab) tsis cuam tshuam nrog Na channels.

Cov tshuaj Pharmacokinetic

Puas yog cov tshuaj nquag ntawm Catena (300 mg) nqus tau? Cov lus qhia thiab cov kws tshaj lij tshuaj xyuas lub xeev hais tias gabapentin yog nqus los ntawm cov hnyuv.

Tom qab lub qhov ncauj tswj hwm ntawm tsiav tshuaj, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov ntshav tau mus txog tom qab 3 teev.Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg txog kev siv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog kwv yees li 60%. Kev sim noj ib txhij (nrog rau cov zaub mov uas muaj cov rog hauv cov rog) tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm pharmacokinetic ntawm gabapentin.

Cov nquag ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis khi rau cov protein ntshav. Hauv cov neeg mob qaug dab peg, nws cov concentration hauv cov kua hlwb cerebrospinal yog kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov ntshav hauv ntshav.

Kev nqhis ntawm gabapentin yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov hlaus. Cov tsos mob ntawm kev hloov pauv roj ntsha ntawm cov khoom no hauv tib neeg lub cev tsis kuaj pom. Gabapentin tsis muaj peev xwm ntxias cov oxidases, uas koom nrog cov metabolism hauv lwm yam tshuaj.

Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tshuaj yog linear. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm nws tsis nyob ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab yog li 5-7 teev.

Kev Ntsiav Tshuaj Gabapentin yog txo qis rau cov neeg laus, nrog rau cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj qaug dej caw ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj raug tshem tawm cov ntshav thaum hemodialysis. Plasma cov ntsiab lus ntawm gabapentin hauv cov menyuam yaus zoo ib yam li cov neeg laus.

Kev qhia rau kev noj tshuaj ntsiav

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej twg tus neeg mob tuaj yeem kho tshuaj xws li Katena (300 mg)? Cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas tau ceeb toom tias cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yog taw qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj hais:

• neuropathic mob rau cov neeg laus,
• ib nrab qaug dab peg (suav nrog rau kev mob theem nrab) hauv cov hluas los ntawm 12 xyoo thiab cov neeg laus (raws li kev kho mob monotherapy),
• ib nrab ntawm qaug dab peg (suav nrog cov mob uas muaj kev paub dav dav dav) hauv cov menyuam muaj 3 xyoos thiab cov neeg laus (ua ib qho tshuaj ntxiv raws li ib feem ntawm kev kho mob nyuaj).

Contraindications kom noj tsiav tshuaj

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum tsis txhob coj Katena? Cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas tau tshaj tawm tias cov tshuaj no yog ua txhaum me ntsis hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos. Nws kuj tseem raug txwv rau kev siv thaum tsom kwm tus neeg mob siab zoo rau cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj.

Nrog kev ceev faj, cov tshuaj yog kho rau cov neeg muaj raum tsis ua hauj lwm.

Cov tshuaj "Catena": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv ceeb toom tias cov tshuaj hauv cov lus nug yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nrov tshuaj antiepileptic. Coj nws sab hauv yog qhov tso cai tsis hais tus noj mov. Txo cov tshuaj ntau npaum, ncua tseg kev noj tshuaj, lossis hloov nws nrog lwm cov tshuaj, maj mam dhau ib vas thiv.

Nrog rau mob neuropathic, qhov pib txhaj tshuaj txhua hnub (hauv cov neeg laus) yuav tsum yog 900 mg (hauv peb koob tshuaj). Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tau txais tsis txaus, tom qab ntawd qhov tshuaj yog maj mam nce.

Qhov koob tshuaj ntau tshaj txhua hnub ntawm Katena yog 3600 mg.

Lub sijhawm sib nrug ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntsiav yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 12 teev, vim tias nws muaj qhov pheej hmoo loj rov ua dua ntawm kev chua leeg.

Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm qhov qaug dab peg ib feem ntawm cov menyuam 3-12 xyoos, cov tshuaj yog kws kho hauv thawj zaug ntawm 10-15 mg / kg (muab faib ua 3 koob). Tshaj li 3 hnub, kev muab tshuaj yog maj maj (kom zoo dua).

Dab tsi ntxiv uas koj yuav tsum paub ua ntej koj pib noj Catena? Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, nws tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj no thaum kho. Cov tshuaj siv hauv cov lus nug tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj anticonvulsants.

Sab sij huam

Cov kev mob tshwm sim li cas tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj Katena (300 mg) ua rau? Cov kev txheeb xyuas tau tshaj tawm tias tom qab siv cov tshuaj no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov kev mob hauv qab no (ib lossis ntau dua tib lub sijhawm):

• amnesia, leukopenia, rhinitis, ataxia, mob ntsws, tsis meej pem, pob txha lov, cuam tshuam ntawm kev txav ntawm kev txav, hnoos, kev nyuaj siab, pharyngitis,
• thrombocytopenic purpura, kiv taub hau, raws plab, dysarthria, txo cov qe ntshav dawb hauv lub cev, nce ntxiv hauv lub cev tsis xis nyob, mob hlwb, nystagmus, myalgia,
• tsaug zog, tso zis tsis txaus ntseeg, kev xav tsis zoo, ua rau vasodilation, tshee tshee, mob txeeb zig, mob plab, khaus, tsis txaus ntseeg, ua pob khaus tawv, ua kom tawv nqaij, ua kom tawv nqaij, ua pob liab vog.
• hyperkinesia, mob ntxau, ntxiv dag zog / ua kom tsis muaj zog / tsis muaj kev thim rov qab, kev mob ntshav siab, txhaws, mob Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ntxhov siab, tsis muaj zog, ua rau lub siab, mob erythema multiforme, gait cuam tshuam, mob rov qab,
• hloov hniav txhawm, qaug zog, nce siab noj mov, o ntawm lub ntsej muag, lub qhov ncauj qhuav, asthenia, xeev siab, nce phaus, ntuav, raug mob los ntawm lub cev, ua tsis taus pa,
• anorexia, peripheral edema, mob gingivitis, mob khaub thuas zoo li syndrome, mob plab, hloov ntshav tawm ntawm lub ntsej muag, kev kis tus kab mob, otitis media, pancreatitis, asthenia, kev hloov pauv hauv daim siab kev soj ntsuam daim siab, ua kom neeg tsis txaus.

Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Kuv puas tuaj yeem nqa tshuaj Katena tsiav tshuaj nrog lwm cov tshuaj? Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij qhia tias thaum noj cov tshuaj no nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov nqus ntawm gabapentin los ntawm cov hnyuv tau tsawg.

Thaum siv tib txhij nrog Felbamate, ib nrab-lub neej ntawm tom kawg yog qhov yuav nce.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub!

Kev tshem tawm sai sai ntawm kev siv tshuaj anticonvulsant hauv cov neeg muaj mob chua leeg ib nrab provokes kev txhim kho ntawm qhov xwm txheej mob. Yog li, yog tias nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau txo qhov tshuaj, ncua gabapentin lossis hloov nws nrog lwm cov tshuaj, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua maj mam, dhau ib lub lim tiam.

Ntsiav tshuaj "Katena" tsis sawv cev rau ib qho cuab yeej siv rau kev kho mob ntawm qog ua kom qaug dab peg.

Kev siv ib txhij ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau hais nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv feem ntau ua rau cov kev ntsuas tsis raug ntawm qhov ntsuas, uas tau ua los txiav txim siab cov protein nyob hauv cov zis. Yog li, thaum kho nws pom zoo kom siv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb ntxiv ntawm cov nag lossis daus ntawm sulfosalicylic acid.

Cov neeg uas lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm zoo, nrog rau cov neeg kho tus mob hemodialysis, yuav tsum kho cov tshuaj noj kom tsawg.

Cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau hloov kho qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj, vim tias nyob hauv pawg neeg mob no tus yuav txo qis hauv lub raum.

Qhov kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho kev mob vwm nrog kev pab los ntawm Katen tshuaj rau cov neeg mob hluas, zoo li ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos, tsis tau txhim tsa.

Thaum kho nrog cov tshuaj no, dej cawv yog txwv tsis pub.

Cov tshuaj "Catena": kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob, analogues

Cov qauv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov lus nug yog: Eplirintin, Gabagamma, Gabapentin, Neurontin, Tebantin, Konvalis, Egipentin.

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov tshuaj "Katena" yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zoo, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv cov neeg uas niaj hnub mob los ntawm kev chua leeg thiab chua leeg nrog eiplepsy. Raws li rau cov neeg mob, lawv txhawb nqa lub tswv yim ntawm cov kws kho mob.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshuaj xyuas tsis zoo yog feem ntau pom ntawm cov kev txheeb xyuas zoo. Raws li cov neeg mob feem ntau, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug yog nws qhov tshuaj tau tshaj (piv nrog cov tshuaj zoo ib yam). Cov kws tshaj lij sib cav hais tias cov tshuaj, cov tshuaj nquag ntawm uas yog gabapentin, muaj ntau qhov tsawg dua qhov kev tiv thaiv rau kev siv, nrog rau kev phiv tshwm sim los ntawm cov leeg hlwb.

Tso cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov nyob ua ke

Ob peb hom tshuaj ntsiav muaj muag, nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag - gabapentin (100 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg). Cov tshuaj muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub ntsiab ntawm neuropathic mob - qhov ntws ntawm cov calcium ions. Sai thiab zoo tshem tawm kev qaug dab peg thiab lwm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob vwm.

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv Katena: noj tshuaj thiab cov cai rau txais tos

Kev noj tshuaj tsis yog nyob ntawm kev noj mov nkaus xwb. Koj yuav tsum lees raws li hauv qab no:

Txog kev mob neuropathic, koob tshuaj pom zoo rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog 12 xyoos yog 300 mg peb zaug ib hnub. Qee qhov xwm txheej, koob tshuaj yuav raug nce ntxiv rau 3600 mg / hnub.

Nrog rau qhov qaug dab peg ib nrab, cov neeg mob los ntawm 12 xyoo muaj hnub nyoog qhia noj 900-3600 mg / hnub. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem pib nrog kev siv tsawg kawg yog 300 mg peb zaug ib hnub. Qhov ntau kawg noj yog 4800 mg / hnub. Rau cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 3 mus txog 12 xyoos, kev muab tshuaj tau txo rau 10-15 mg / kg / hnub. Kev txais tos yuav tsum muab faib ua 3 zaug. Koj tuaj yeem maj mam ntxiv cov tshuaj rau 50 mg / kg / hnub.

Thaum kho, tsis tas yuav saib xyuas qhov kev mloog zoo ntawm cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov ntshav. Koob tshuaj tsis tas yuav tsis ua haujlwm thaum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lwm cov tshuaj.

Pharmacokinetics thiab cov chaw muag tshuaj

Katena yog cov tshuaj anticonvulsant uas nws qhov kev ua yog tsom rau ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm mob neuropathic. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb - gabapentin, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom lag luam, ua ntawm kev khiav ntawm calcium ions, uas yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob neuropathic.

Vim muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nquag rau ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev, mob nriaj nkees, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob vwm thiab kev mob tshwm sim sai sai. Cov tshuaj no tawm dhau los ntawm lub raum.

Yog li, cov tshuaj "Catana" muaj cov nyhuv ua kom loog, tshuaj anticonvulsant thiab anticonvulsant.

Sab sij huam

Kev tsis haum tshuaj: erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

• Mob nraub qaum, qaug zog, mob peripheral edema, impotence, asthenia, malaise, tawm pob ntawm lub ntsej muag, qhov hnyav nce, kev ua yuam kev raug mob, asthenia, mob khaub thuas xws li mob ntshav qab zib, kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav qab zib, hauv cov menyuam yaus - kis kab mob, otitis media.
• Los ntawm cov hlab plawv system: arterial tawg, tshwm sim ntawm vasodilation.
• Los ntawm lub plab zom mov: hloov pauv ntawm cov hniav staining, mob raws plab, nce siab, ua lub qhov ncauj qhuav, xeev siab, ntuav, pom lub cev, tsis nco qab, mob caj pas, mob plab, mob plab, hloov hauv daim siab ua haujlwm.
• Los ntawm cov kab mob urinary: mob txeeb zig, mob tso zis.
• Los ntawm cov leeg musculoskeletal: myalgia, arthralgia, pob txha lov.
• Kev siv tshuaj ntxuav muag: maceration ntawm daim tawv nqaij, pob txuv, khaus, ua pob.
• Los ntawm cov kab mob hemopoietic: leukopenia, cov ntshav dawb tsawg zuj zus suav, thrombocytopenic purpura.
• Los ntawm kev ua pa: rhinitis, pharyngitis, hnoos, mob ntsws.
• Los ntawm ib sab ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab hlwb thiab peripheral lub paj hlwb: amnesia, ataxia, tsis meej pem, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txav ntawm kev txav, kev nyuaj siab, kiv taub hau, lub cev tsis muaj zog, ua rau lub zog poob siab, nystagmus, tsaug zog, tsis tuaj yeem xav, tshee, ua tsis taus pa, amblyopia, diplopia, hyperkinesia, zuj zus, qaug zog los yog tsis muaj reflexes, paresthesia, ntxhov siab, kev ua siab ntev, ua tsis taus.

Cov menyuam yaus, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, yog li ntawd, gabapentin yuav tsum siv thaum cev xeeb tub tsuas yog xav tau txiaj ntsig rau leej niam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tus me nyuam hauv plab.

Gabapentin raug tawm hauv cov kua mis, nws cov nyhuv ntawm tus menyuam tseem tsis tau paub, yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm pub mis, kev pub niam mis rau menyuam yuav tsum tso tseg.

Kev sib cuam tshuam txog yeeb tshuaj

Nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv cov cimetidine, qhov mob me ntsis ntawm lub raum ua haujlwm ntawm gabapentin yog ua tau, tab sis qhov tshwm sim no tej zaum tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob.

• Antacids muaj cov tshuaj txhuas thiab magnesium txo cov kev siv ntawm gabapentin los ntawm 20%, yog li nws pom zoo kom coj nws 2 teev tom qab noj tshuaj antacids.
• Thaum siv qhov ncauj ntawm kev tiv thaiv uas muaj ethinyl estradiol thiab / lossis norethisterone, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov chaw muag tshuaj ntawm lub Cheebtsam.
• Probenecid tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau lub raum ua haujlwm ntawm gabapentin.
• Hauv lub xeev qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj, pharmacokinetics ntawm gabapentin tsis hloov nrog kev siv tib lub sijhawm ua ke.

Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam dab tsi raug pom ntawm gabapentin thiab valproic acid, phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine.

Daim ntawv thov nta

Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum sab laj tus kws kho mob los kho cov tshuaj hypoglycemic ntau npaum.

Thoob plaws hauv chav kawm ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm Katen, tswj hwm tus neeg mob lub siab lub ntsws yog qhov tsim nyog, vim tias qhov kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho kev npau taws thiab kev tua tus kheej.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau soj ntsuam qhov kev noj tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj. Kev txiav cov tshuaj sai sai yuav ua rau muaj qhov tsis haum. Yog tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txo cov koob tshuaj, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob txhawm rau ua haujlwm tsim nyog. Tus neeg mob noj tshuaj tsis pom zoo tsav tsheb.

Zoo sib xws txhais tau tias

Ua tiav analogues ntawm Catena:

1. Hapentek
2. Egipentin
3. Convalis
4. Neurontin
5. Gabantine,
6. Katena
7. Eplirontin,
8. Tebantin
9. Gabagamma

Antiepileptic tshuaj muaj xws li:

1. Hexamidine
2. Zeptol
3. Misolin,
4. Algerica
5. Pregabalin
6. Lyrics
7. Cheeb Tsam
8. Benzonal
9. Depakine
10. Convulex
11. Topiramat,
12. Convulsofin
13. Carbamazepine
14. Nkauj Ntsab Vaj
15. Finlepsin
16. Sibazon,
17. Tegretol
18. Carbalepsin rov qab los,
19. Kwv Npeev
20. Eplirontin,
21. Valopixim
22. Finlepsin Retard,
23. Primidon
24. Benzobarbital,
25. Lamictal
26. Exalief,
27. Wimpat,
28. Zagretol
29. Epimax
30. Ntxheb
31. Acetazolamide,
32. Diphenin,
33. Paglüferal,
34. Phenobarbital,
35. Depakin Chrono
36. Depamide
37. Topamax
38. Lamitor,
39. Lamotrigine
40. Convalis
41. Levetinol,
42. Convulsan
43. Prigabilon
44. Tib yam
45. Inovelon
46. Diacarb,
47. Valproic acid
48. Chloracon
49. Levetiracetam
50. Encorat
51. Clonazepam
52. Diazepam
53. Zenitsetam
54. Valparin
55. Trobalt tau txais.

Cov Tshuaj Hauv Tshuaj

Cov tshuaj nquag ntawm Catena yog gabapentin, ib yam khoom uas zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv rau neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab txawv ntawm kev sib txuam ntawm lwm yam tshuaj sib cuam tshuam nrog GABA receptors, suav nrog barbiturates, GABA uptake inhibitors, GABA agonists, valproate, GABA transaminase inhibitors, benzodiazepines thiab prodrug cov ntaub ntawv ntawm GABA, txij li gabapentin tsis muaj GABAergic cov khoom, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov metabolism thiab ntes GABA.

Raws li kev tshawb fawb ua ntej, gabapentin khi rau α₂-δ-subunit ntawm voltage-dependant calcium channel thiab inhibits qhov ntws ntawm calcium ions, uas yog ib qho ua rau mob neuropathic.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog mob neuropathic, gabapentin muaj lwm cov kev ua ntawm kev ua, hu ua: nws txo cov glutamate-kev tuag ntawm neurons, nce GABA synthesis thiab inhibits kev tso tawm ntawm neurotransmitters ntawm pawg monoamine.

Hauv cov chaw kuaj mob tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj tsis khi rau cov txais ntawm lwm cov tshuaj thiab cov neurotransmitters, suav nrog benzodiazepines, glutamate, glycine, N-methyl-D-aspartate, GABA_A thiab GABA_Hauv.

Tsis zoo li carbamazepine thiab phenytoin, gabapentin tsis cuam tshuam nrog sodium channel.

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv Katena: txoj kev thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas

Capsules yuav tsum tau noj qhov ncauj, tsis hais noj mov dab tsi. Txo cov koob tshuaj, ncua Katena lossis hloov nws nrog lwm tus neeg sawv cev yuav tsum maj mam, tsawg kawg rau ib lub lim tiam.

Nrog rau kev mob neuropathic rau cov neeg laus, qhov pib thawj zaug yog 900 mg - 300 mg 3 zaug ib hnub. Yog hais tias cov nyhuv tsis txaus, cov koob tshuaj tau nce zuj zus. Qhov nyiaj siab pub rau txhua hnub yog 3600 mg.

Koj tuaj yeem pib kho tam sim ntawd nrog kev noj tshuaj ntawm 900 mg los yog maj mam nce nws thaum thawj peb hnub raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:

• thawj hnub - 300 mg ib hnub ib zaug,
• hnub thib ob - 300 mg 2 zaug ib hnub,
• hnub thib peb - ​​300 mg 3 zaug ib hnub.

Nrog rau qee qhov qaug dab peg hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov hluas txij li 12 xyoo, Katena muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm 900-30000 mg.Koj tuaj yeem pib kho tam sim ntawd nrog kev noj tshuaj ntawm 900 mg (300 mg 3 zaug hauv ib hnub) lossis maj mam nce nws nyob rau thawj peb hnub raws li cov txheej txheem tau piav qhia saum toj no. Hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, yog tias tsim nyog, txuas ntxiv nce cov koob tshuaj, nce txog qhov siab tshaj plaws txhua hnub koob tshuaj 3600 mg (hauv qhov sib luag hauv 3 koob faib). Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub ntev dua 12 teev, txij li thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm rov ua txhaum mob. Kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm gabapentin hauv koob tshuaj txhua hnub txog li 4800 mg tau sau tseg.

Nrog rau qhov pom zoo ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam yaus 3-12 xyoos, Katana yog tus kws kho mob pib txhaj li 10-15 mg / kg hauv 3 koob. Txog li 3 hnub, qhov kev muab tshuaj yog maj mam nce ntxiv kom txog thaum nws ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv cov menyuam yaus txij li 5 xyoo feem ntau nws yog 25–35 mg / kg / hnub, hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3-5 xyoos - 40 mg / kg / hnub (hauv 3 koob hauv cov sib npaug). Nrog rau siv ntev, zoo kam rau ua gabapentin hauv koob tshuaj txhua hnub txog 50 mg / kg tau sau tseg. Txhawm rau zam kom tsis txhob rov ua dua foob, ntu nruab nrab ntawm cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 12 teev.

Tsis tas yuav tswj qhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj thaum kho. Katena tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, tsis hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav dej.

Rau cov neeg mob raum tsis ua haujlwm, koob tshuaj Katena txhua hnub yog txiav txim siab nyob ntawm creatinine kev tshem tawm (CC, ml / min):

• ntau tshaj 80 - 900–3600 mg,
• 50–79 - 600–1800 mg,
• 30–49 - 300–900 mg,
• 15–29 - 150 * –600 mg,
• tsawg dua 15 - 150 * –300 mg.

* Tshuaj hauv Katena 300 mg txhua lwm hnub.

Cov neeg mob uas tsis tau siv cov gabapentin yav tas los thiab nyob rau ntawm lub sijhawm kho mob hemodialysis yog tus kws kho Katena nyob rau hauv lub koob tshuaj 300-400 mg, tom qab ntawd 200-300 mg siv txhua 4 teev ntawm kev kho mob hemodialysis.

Cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Kev nyab xeeb ntawm gabapentin thaum cev xeeb tub tseem tsis tau tsim, yog li Catena raug qhia tsuas yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev kho mob tom ntej yuav muaj tseeb siab dua qhov kev pheej hmoo.

Gabapentin kis mus rau niam mis, yog li ntawd, kev pub mis yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm yog tias yuav tsum tau kho thaum lub sijhawm pub mis.

Siv rau thaum yau

Katen yog contraindicated hauv kev siv:

• hnub nyoog txog 18 xyoo - nrog mob neuropathic,
• txog 12 xyoos - raws li kev kho mob ntawm ib nrab qaug dab peg,
• txog li 3 xyoos - yog ib yam khoom siv ntxiv hauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev kho mob ib feem ntawm qaug dab peg.

Lub hnub nyoog txwv yog vim tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm Katena txoj kev siv raws li kev taw qhia ntawm lub hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb.

Kev txheeb xyuas txog Katen

Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, Katena yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob zoo. Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog tus nqi siab dua hauv kev sib piv nrog kev npaj muaj carbamazepine, txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li lawv, gabapentin muaj tsawg dua qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab, raws li kev txheeb xyuas, ua rau muaj kev phiv tsawg dua los ntawm cov leeg hlwb.

Kev Sib Sau thiab daim ntawv ntawm kev tso tawm

Katen tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav zoo li lub hau daj uas muaj xim daj thiab muaj cov hmoov ua hmoov sib xyaw. Txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj: