Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj, tshuaj yeeb dawb, tshuaj xyuas

Metformin hydrochloride yog cov xim tsis muaj xim lossis dawb crystalline hmoov, uas yog soluble heev hauv dej thiab yuav luag tsis yooj yim hauv ether, acetone, chloroform, muaj lub cev hnyav ntawm 165.63. Metformin hydrochloride yog qhov ncauj tshuaj hypoglycemic los ntawm pab pawg biguanide. Metformin hydrochloride qis dua theem ntawm hyperglycemia, thaum tsis coj mus rau kev txhim kho cov ntshav qog ntshav qab zib. Metformin hydrochloride tsis muaj cov nyhuv hypoglycemic thiab tsis txhawb cov tshuaj insulin rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv, tsis zoo li sulfonylureas. Metformin hydrochloride ua rau kom nkag siab zoo ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv sab nrauv rau insulin thiab nce qabzib siv los ntawm cov hlwb. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits gluconeogenesis thiab glycogenolysis, uas ua rau txo qis hauv cov ntshav qabzib ntau lawm. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits qhov nqus ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov hnyuv. Metformin hydrochloride ua rau kom muaj peev xwm thauj tau txhua yam ntawm cov kua nplaum membrane thauj. Metformin hydrochloride ua haujlwm ntawm glycogen synthase thiab ua rau muaj kev sib sau glycogen. Metformin hydrochloride kuj tseem muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv lipid metabolism: nws txo cov kev xav ntawm tag nrho cov roj cholesterol, triglycerides thiab lipoproteins tsawg ntom. Nrog rau kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride, tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav nws txo qis los sis tseem ruaj khov. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kuj tau qhia txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntxiv rau kev txhim kho hom mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab leej twg hloov pauv kev ua neej tsis tau tiav kev tswj hwm cov ntshav qabzib.
Thaum muab cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride nqus tau rau hauv lub plab zom mov tag nrho thiab nrawm. Qhov tiag txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm metformin hydrochloride thaum noj ntawm lub plab khoob yog 50 - 60%. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm metformin hydrochloride hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav yog kwv yees li 2 2g / ml (15 μmol) tau tiav tom qab 2 - 2.5 teev. Thaum noj cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride nrog zaub mov, qhov nqus ntawm cov tshuaj txo thiab qeeb, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj yog txo los ntawm 40%, thiab tus nqi ntawm nws qhov ua tiav tau qeeb los ntawm 35 feeb. Metformin hydrochloride yuav luag tsis khi rau cov ntshav muaj protein ntau thiab faib tawm sai heev hauv cov nqaij. Qhov sib luag ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm metformin hydrochloride hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav tau ua tiav nyob hauv 1 mus rau 2 hnub thiab tsis pub tshaj 1 μg / ml. Qhov ntim faib ntawm metformin hydrochloride (nrog rau kev siv ib zaug 850 mg ntawm cov tshuaj) yog los ntawm 296 txog 1012 litres. Metformin hydrochloride muaj peev xwm mus ntxiv rau hauv cov qog ua kua qaub ncaug, raum, thiab nplooj siab. Metformin hydrochloride ua rau cov zaub mov tsis zoo rau lub siab thiab ua rau lub raum tawg. Lub raum tshem tawm ntawm metformin hydrochloride nyob rau hauv cov neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv yog kwv yees li 400 ml / min (350 txog 550 ml / min) (4 npaug ntau dua li creatinine tshem tawm), uas qhia tias muaj cov tubular ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog kwv yees li 6,5 teev (rau cov ntshav) thiab 17.6 teev (rau cov ntshav), qhov sib txawv no tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv cov ntshav liab. Metformin hydrochloride raug tso tawm los ntawm lub raum feem ntau los ntawm tubular tso pa tsis hloov (90% thaum nruab hnub). Hauv cov neeg laus laus, ib nrab-lub neej ntawm metformin hydrochloride ntau ntxiv thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav nce ntxiv. Hauv raum tsis ua haujlwm, ib nrab-lub neej ntawm metformin hydrochloride nce ntxiv, lub raum tshem tawm qis dua, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txuam nrog cov tshuaj. Kev tshawb nrhiav tsiaj siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride hauv koob tshuaj uas yog peb zaug siab tshaj qhov tau pom zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tib neeg thaum xam rau lub cev thaj chaw tsis tau qhia txog cov qog nqaij hlav, mutagenic, teratogenic cov khoom thiab cuam tshuam txog kev muaj menyuam.

Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov neeg mob rog rog, nrog kev ua tsis tau tawm dag zog thiab kev kho lub cev, raws li kev kho mob monotherapy lossis kev sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib hauv qhov ncauj lossis tshuaj insulin, kev tiv thaiv hom ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntxiv rau kev txhim kho yam 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, thiab hauv kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua neej tsis tso cai ua tiav kev tswj glycemic.
Txoj kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thiab koob tshuaj
Metformin hydrochloride noj ntawm qhov ncauj, ntau npaum thiab muab ntawm Metformin hydrochloride yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kho mob ib leeg zuj zus.
Cov neeg laus hauv kev kho mob monotherapy thiab nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm metformin hydrochloride nrog rau lwm qhov ncauj tshuaj hypoglycemic rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: feem ntau cov tshuaj pib ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog 500 lossis 850 mg 2 rau 3 zaug hauv ib hnub thaum lossis tom qab noj mov, nws raug nquahu kom kho cov koob tshuaj txhua 10 rau 15 hnub raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv ntshav cov ntshav, ib qho kev nce qeeb ntawm cov tshuaj yuav pab txo cov kev tsis haum ntawm cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv, kom meej meej txog kev saib xyuas cov koob tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yog 1500 - 2000 mg rau ib hnub hauv 2 rau 3 koob tshuaj, qhov siab tshaj plaws pom zoo txhua hnub koob tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yog 3000 mg, muab faib ua 3 koob tshuaj, thaum npaj yuav hloov los ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj no thiab pib siv metformin hydrochloride nyob rau saum toj saud.
Cov neeg laus nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride nrog insulin: txhawm rau kom ua tau zoo tswj cov ntshav qabzib ntau, metformin hydrochloride thiab tshuaj insulin hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tuaj yeem siv los ua kev kho mob sib xyaw, qhov ib txwm pib noj tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog 500 lossis 850 mg 2-3 zaug hnub, thiab cov koob tshuaj insulin raug teem raws li cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntau dua 10 xyoo, metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem siv los ua kev kho mob monotherapy thiab nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj insulin, qhov ib txwm pib siv tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yog 500 lossis 850 mg ib hnub ib zaug thaum lossis tom qab noj mov, nws yuav tsum tau kho qhov koob tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride tom qab 10 - 15 hnub rau Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv ntshav cov ntshav, qhov siab tshaj plaws pom zoo txhua hnub ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog 2000 mg, muab faib ua 2 txog 3 koob tshuaj.
Kev kho mob monotherapy nrog metformin hydrochloride nyob rau hauv kev mob ntshav qab zib: feem ntau koob tshuaj txhua hnub yog 1000 - 1700 mg, muab faib ua ob koob, thaum lossis tom qab noj mov, txhawm rau ntsuas qhov xav tau txuas ntxiv rau kev siv tshuaj metformin hydrochloride, nws raug nquahu kom soj ntsuam xyuas cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav.
Metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov neeg mob uas mob raum tsis ua haujlwm (nrog creatinine tshem tawm 45 - 59 ml / min) tsuas yog thaum tsis muaj tej yam kev mob uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob lactic acidosis, kev pib siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yog 500 mg lossis 850 mg ib hnub ib zaug, qhov siab tshaj plaws txhua hnub qhov koob tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog 1000 mg, muab faib ua ob zaug. Lub xeev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib txhua txhua 3 rau 6 hlis. Yog tias cov creatinine tshem tawm qis dua 45 ml / min, kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride yuav tsum nres tam sim ntawd.
Cov neeg laus cov neeg mob vim muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm lub xeev kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum, cov koob tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov raum ua haujlwm (kev txiav txim siab plasma creatinine concentration tsawg kawg 2 txog 4 zaug hauv ib xyoos).
Metformin hydrochloride yuav tsum noj txhua hnub, yam tsis muaj cuam tshuam. Thaum tshem tawm txoj kev kho, tus neeg mob yuav tsum qhia koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yuav tsum muaj kev paub tseeb ua ntej kev siv tshuaj metformin hydrochloride.
Thaum lub sijhawm siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride, nws yog ib qho yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lub xeev tsis zoo ntawm lub raum, txhaws lub ntsej muag, thiab yoo mov thiab ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav. Tshwj xeeb, kev saib xyuas ceev faj ntawm cov ntshav qabzib concentration yog qhov tsim nyog thaum siv metformin hydrochloride txuas nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic (suav nrog insulin, repaglinide, sulfonylureas thiab lwm yam tshuaj).
Cov kab mob lactic acidosis yog ib qho mob uas tsis tshua pom muaj, tab sis hnyav (kev tuag nyob rau qhov tsis muaj kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev) uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom tiav ntawm metformin hydrochloride. Yeej, lactic acidosis nrog kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride tsim rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab mob raum tsis ua haujlwm. Lwm yam cuam tshuam txog kev pheej hmoo, xws li ketosis, decompensated ntshav qab zib mellitus, kev yoo mov ntev, daim siab tsis ua hauj lwm, kev haus cawv, thiab txhua yam xwm txheej uas cuam tshuam nrog hypoxia loj, yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo qis qhov mob tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob lactic acidosis. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob lactic acidosis nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho ntawm cov paib tsis tseem ceeb, piv txwv li, mob leeg, uas nrog cov mob plab, dyspeptic cuam tshuam, mob asthenia hnyav. Lactic acidosis yog tus cwj pwm mob plab, acidotic ua tsis taus pa, hypothermia nrog ntxiv coma. Kev kuaj mob kuaj pom yog qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav pH (qis dua 7.25), cov ntshav ntawm lub lactate ntau dua 5 mmol / l, qhov kev tso tawm ntau thiab qhov feem ntawm lactate rau pyruvate. Yog tias xav tias tsam tus kab mob metabolic acidosis, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txoj kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thiab tam sim ntawd sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Thaum siv metformin hydrochloride, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov ntshav ntawm lactate tsawg kawg ob zaug hauv ib xyoos, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm myalgia. Nrog rau kev ua kom ntau ntxiv ntawm metformin lactate, hydrochloride raug muab tso tseg.
Hauv cov neeg mob uas siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride tas li, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov concentration ntawm cov vitamins B12 ib xyoos ib zaug vim muaj qhov txo qis hauv nws qhov nqus tau. Yog tias kuaj pom muaj mob megaloblastic thaum lub sijhawm siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride, tseem yuav txo qhov kev nqus ntawm cov vitamin B12 (nrog rau kev siv ntev ntawm metformin hydrochloride) yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.
Feem ntau, cov kev phiv tshuaj los ntawm cov plab zom mov pib hauv thawj lub sijhawm siv metformin hydrochloride thiab feem ntau kis tau nthawv. Rau lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv, nws raug nquahu kom noj metformin hydrochloride ob lossis peb zaug ib hnub tom qab lossis thaum noj mov. Maj mam ua kom ntau ntxiv cov koob tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem txhim kho lub plab zom mov tsis tshua muaj tshuaj.
Thaum lub sijhawm siv cov metformin hydrochloride, nws muaj peev xwm los tsim kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob hepatobiliary (suav nrog kab mob siab, muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab), uas ploj tag nrho tom qab tsis txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj.
Txij li metformin hydrochloride raug tso tawm los ntawm ob lub raum, tsim kev tshem tawm yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug rau cov neeg mob uas muaj lub raum zoo li qub, thiab tsawg kawg 2 rau 4 zaug hauv ib xyoos hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg mob nrog creatinine tshem tawm ntawm qhov qis dua ntawm ib txwm. Nrog creatinine tshem tawm tsawg dua 45 ml / min, kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yog sib kis. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab yog qhov cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub xeev lub raum hauv cov neeg laus, nrog kev siv cov diuretics ntawm antihypertensive tshuaj, tsis siv tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj.
Metformin hydrochloride yuav tsum tau tsum tsis txhob txuas ntxiv 48 teev ua ntej npaj ua haujlwm phais thiab tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv tsis pub dhau 48 teev tom qab lawv ua tiav, muab pom tias lub raum ua haujlwm tau pom tias tsis muaj dab tsi thaum kuaj.
Cov neeg mob lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm uas siv Metformin hydrochloride muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv ntawm kev mob raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab hypoxia. Cov neeg mob uas muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm ntev yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam lub plawv thiab lub raum tsis tu ncua thaum siv metformin hydrochloride. Kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride yog sib xyaw hauv lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm nrog hemodynamics tsis khov.
Hauv cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kav ntev txog ib xyoos, nws tau qhia tias metformin hydrochloride tsis cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab kev ua tiav. Tab sis raws li qhov tsis muaj kev tshawb nrhiav mus sij hawm ntev, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas tom qab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm metformin hydrochloride rau cov kev ntsuas no hauv menyuam yaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tiav nkauj tiav nraug. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 10 txog 12 xyoos yuav tsum muaj kev soj ntsuam kom zoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm tom qab kev lag luam, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam hauv cov menyuam yaus tsis muaj hnub nyoog (10 txog 16 xyoo) qhia tau tias qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus zoo sib xws thiab qhov tsis zoo rau cov neeg laus.
Thaum lub sijhawm siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua raws cov zaub mov noj ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov carbohydrates ib hnub. Cov neeg mob rog dhau sijhawm thaum siv cov metformin hydrochloride pom zoo kom txuas ntxiv rau cov zaub mov uas tsis muaj calorie ntau ntau (tab sis tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1000 kilocalories ib hnub).
Thaum lub sijhawm siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride, cov kev sim ntsuas kab mob uas tsim nyog los tswj cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus.
Nrog rau kev kho mob monotherapy, metformin hydrochloride tsis ua rau mob ntshav qab zib, tab sis ceev faj yuav tsum tau siv thaum siv nrog kev siv tshuaj insulin lossis lwm yam tshuaj hypoglycemic (piv txwv li, repaglinide, sulfonylurea derivatives, thiab lwm tus). Kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thiab cov tshuaj insulin yuav tsum tau pib thiab nqa hauv tsev kho mob kom txog thaum muaj cov tshuaj txaus tsim los ntawm txhua cov tshuaj.
Kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride pom zoo rau kev tiv thaiv hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib thiab lwm yam kev pheej hmoo rau kev tsim cov hom ntshav qab zib mellitus, xws li lub cev qhov ntsuas ntawm 35 lossis ntau dua kg / m ^ 2, hnub nyoog qis dua 60 xyoo, muaj cov ntshav qab zib mob ntshav qab zib hauv lub cev, siab triglycerides, tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm mob ntshav qab zib hauv thawj cov txheeb ze, cov ntshav siab, mob ntshav qab zib tsawg lipoproteins.
Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj pom zoo ntawm metformin hydrochloride ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ua cov haujlwm uas muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij uas xav tau kev nce siab ntawm kev mloog thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv psychomotor. Txawm li cas los xij, ceev faj yuav tsum tau siv thaum ua cov haujlwm no thaum lub sijhawm siv cov metformin hydrochloride, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic (repaglinide, sulfonylurea derivatives, insulin), raws li cov kev tsis zoo, suav nrog hypoglycemia, uas qhov muaj peev xwm ua tsis zoo, muaj peev xwm ua tau ua cov haujlwm uas muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai uas xav kom muaj kev mloog zoo dua thiab ceev ntawm lub hlwb kev xav (nrog rau kev tswj hwm Lenie tsheb, machinery). Koj yuav tsum tsis kam ua cov haujlwm no hauv kev txhim kho cov kev phiv tshuaj, suav nrog hypoglycemia, tawm tsam tom qab ntawm kev siv tshuaj.

Cov Yuav Tsum Tau Ua

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab (nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob), mob ntshav qab zib ua ntej, mob ntshav qab zib tsis sib xws, mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis, mob hnyav los yog mob plab ntev, ua kom lub raum tsis ua haujlwm lossis lub raum tsis ua haujlwm (nrog creatinine tshem tawm tsawg dua 45 ml / min), cov lus tshaj tawm los ntawm cov lus qhia txog mob ntev los yog cov kab mob mob hnyav uas tuaj yeem ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nqaij mos hypoxia (suav nrog kev mob plawv tsis xwm yeem nrog cov ntshav tsis khov kho, mob tsis txaus lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, mob myocardial infarction, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm), mob hnyav uas tshwm sim nrog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm (suav nrog rau lub cev qhuav dej (nrog rau ntuav, raws plab), kis mob hnyav, poob siab), mob siab, ua haujlwm lub siab ua haujlwm tsis txaus, ua kom dav kev phais mob thiab raug mob thaum siv tshuaj tua kab mob insulin, kev haus dej cawv, mob qaug dej qaug cawv, kab mob lactic acid (suav nrog keeb kwm), siv thaum ob hnub ua ntej thiab tsis pub dhau ob hnub tom qab xoo hluav taws xob los sis kev tshawb fawb hauv radioisotope nrog kev qhia txog ntawm iodine-muaj qhov muaj teeb meem ntawm tus neeg sawv cev, ua raws li cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj calorie tsawg (tsawg dua 1000 kilocalories ib hnub), lactation, cev xeeb tub, hnub nyoog txog 10 xyoo, hnub nyoog txog 18 xyoo (nyob ntawm siv daim ntawv noj tshuaj), cov neeg mob ua lub cev ua haujlwm nyuaj (ua kom muaj kev mob siab ntawm cov mob lactic acidosis).

Cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Kev tsis mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thaum cev xeeb tub yog cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub cev tuag thiab kev txhim kho cov kev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub neej thaum yug los. Cov ntaub ntawv tsawg tsawg qhia tau hais tias kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride los ntawm cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub tsis ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua tsis taus txiv hauv cov menyuam. Kev tshawb nrhiav kev kawm kom txaus thiab tswj siv txog kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride thaum cev xeeb tub tsis tau ua. Thaum npaj kev xeeb tub, qhov pib ntawm kev xeeb tub nrog kev siv tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thaum mob ntshav qab zib thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, metformin hydrochloride yuav tsum tso tseg, thiab kev kho tshuaj insulin yog kho rau tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Thaum cev xeeb tub, cov ntshav dej nyob tom qab yuav tsum tau tswj hwm qib uas ze rau ib txwm, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov me nyuam tsis zoo. Metformin hydrochloride ua rau niam cov kua mis tawm. Tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam tshiab nrog kev pub niam mis thaum siv cov tshuaj. Tab sis vim muaj qee yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride thaum pub mis niam tsis pom zoo. Thaum kho nrog metformin hydrochloride, kev pub mis rau menyuam yuav tsum tsis tsum.

Qhov tshwm sim phiv ntawm metformin hydrochloride

Tej leeg hauv siab khiav ceev, siab ntsws thiab plab hnyuv siab raum: saj ua txhaum.
Kev mob plawv, cov kab ke ntshav thiab cov ntshav (hemostasis, ntshav tsim): megaloblastic anemia (vim los ntawm malabsorption ntawm cov vitamin B12 thiab folic acid).
Digestive system: xeev siab, raws plab, ntuav, mob plab, tsis qab los noj mov, tsis nco qab, mob plab, mob plab, yog xim hlau hauv qhov ncauj, kab mob siab, ua rau lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Kev lom zem thiab kev noj haus: lactic acidosis (tsaug zog, tsis muaj zog, tiv taus bradyarrhythmia, hypotension, ua tsis taus pa, myalgia, mob plab, hypothermia), mob ntshav qab zib, poob qis ntawm cov vitamin B12 (nrog rau siv ntev ntawm metformin hydrochloride).
Kev sib xyaw, cov leeg hauv plab thiab cov nqaij mos subcutaneous: kev hnov mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, khaus tawv nqaij, tawv nqaij erythema, dermatitis, tawm pob.

Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm metformin hydrochloride nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Nrog kev ua haujlwm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, kev kuaj mob radiological siv tshuaj iodine-muaj radiopaque tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob lactic acidosis. Yog li, kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm ntxiv nyob ntawm lub xeev kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum 48 teev ua ntej lossis thaum lub sijhawm xoo hluav taws xob soj ntsuam siv iodine-muaj radiopaque npaj thiab tsis rov ua dua li 48 teev tom qab kev tshawb fawb, qhia tias thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas lub xeev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum tau lees paub ib txwm. Kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab iodine-muaj radiopaque npaj yog contraindicated rau tsawg dua ob hnub ua ntej thiab hauv ob hnub tom qab kev tshawb nrhiav radiological lossis radioisotope.
Nrog rau kev siv cov metformin hydrochloride nyob rau hauv kev haus dej cawv ua rau qaug cawv, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob lactic acidosis nce ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog daim siab tsis ua haujlwm, ua kom tsis muaj teeb meem, thiab kev noj zaub mov kom yuag. Kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab cawv yog tsis pom zoo. Thaum noj cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride, haus cawv thiab tshuaj uas muaj ethanol yuav tsum raug zam. Metformin hydrochloride yog txuam nrog cawv vim muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lactic acidosis.
Kev siv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab danazole tsis pom zoo kom thiaj li zam rau cov nyhuv hyperglycemic ntawm tom kawg. Yog tias tsim nyog, kev siv tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab danazole, thiab tom qab tsum nres tom kawg, kev hloov kho koob tshuaj metformin hydrochloride yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm cov ntshav qabzib theem. Lub sijhawm sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thiab danazole, kev ceev faj yuav tsum ua kom nquag plias, ntau zaus soj ntsuam cov dej qabzib concentration yuav tsum tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho.
Chlorpromazine thaum siv ntau dua (100 mg ib hnub twg) nce cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav hauv ntshav cov ntshav los ntawm kev txo qis hauv kev tso tawm ntawm insulin. Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab tom qab siv ceev xwmphem qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg, kev kho tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride tsim nyog nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm cov ntshav qabzib concentration. Lub sijhawm sib koom ua ke ntawm kev siv tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas, ntau zaus yuav tsum saib xyuas cov ntshav qabzib ntau ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho.
Cov tshuaj glucocorticosteroids hauv zos thiab cov kab ke txo qis cov ntshav qabzib, nce ntshav qabzib, qee zaum ua rau ketosis. Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab glucocorticosteroids thiab tom qab siv ceev xwmphem qhov kawg, kev hloov kho tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm kev saib xyuas cov kua nplaum hauv cov ntshav. Lub sijhawm ua ke ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride thiab glucocorticosteroids, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua, ntau zaus soj ntsuam cov ntshav qabzib concentration yuav tsum tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho.
Nrog rau kev siv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab lub voj diuretics, lactic acidosis yuav tshwm sim vim qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub raum. Metformin yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog lub voj diuretics yog tias creatinine tshem tawm tsawg dua 60 ml / min. Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab lub voj diuretics, yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ntau dua ntawm cov kua nplaum ua kom lub ntsej muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov koob tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem hloov kho thaum sib koom tes thiab tom qab nws txiav.
Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ib zaug hauv cov neeg tuaj yeem noj qab haus huv tau qhia tias furosemide nce siab tshaj plaws ntshav plasma (los ntawm 22%) thiab thaj chaw hauv qab qhov nkhaus pharmacokinetic nkhaus - lub sijhawm (15%) ntawm metformin hydrochloride (tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub raum tshem ntawm metformin hydrochloride), thaum lub sijhawm metformin hydrochloride txo cov ntshav siab tshaj plaws (los ntawm 31%), thaj chaw hauv qab pharmacokinetic concentration-sijhawm nkhaus (los ntawm 12%) thiab ib nrab-lub neej (los ntawm 32%) ntawm furosemide (tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb) hloov nyob rau hauv lub raum clearance ntawm furosemide). Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm furosemide thiab metformin hydrochloride nrog kev siv ntev.
Beta-2-adrenergic agonists rau kev tswj hwm ntawm tsoomfwv nce ntxiv cov kev sib xyaw ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav, ua kom muaj beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab beta-2-adrenergic agonists, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj cov kev xav ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, kev teem sij hawm ntawm insulin yog qhov pom zoo. Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab beta-2-adrenergic agonists, kev saib xyuas ntau dhau ntawm cov ntshav qabzib concentration yuav tsum, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib kho. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov koob tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem hloov kho thaum sib koom tes thiab tom qab nws txiav.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab, ntxiv rau angiotensin hloov mus rau enzyme inhibitors, tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav qab zib kom tsawg. Yog tias tsim nyog, kev sib xyaw ua ke siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab metformin hydrochloride, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau noj thiab qhov tshuaj ntawm metformin hydrochloride kho tau.
Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride nrog insulin, sulfonylurea derivatives, salicylates, acarbose, kev txhim kho hypoglycemia yog ua tau. Yog tias nws tsim nyog los ua ke ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no thiab metformin hydrochloride, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua.
Nifedipine, thaum siv ua ke, tsub kom qhov nqus thiab qhov siab tshaj plasma concentration ntawm metformin hydrochloride, kev ceev faj yog tsim nyog thaum ua ke nrog nifedipine thiab metformin hydrochloride. Hauv tib lub koob tshuaj hauv cov neeg tuaj yeem noj qab haus huv, nifedipine nce ntxiv, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntshav plasma (los ntawm 20%) thiab thaj chaw hauv qab qhov nkhaus pharmacokinetic nkhaus - lub sijhawm (9%) ntawm metformin hydrochloride, thaum lub sijhawm nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj plasma ntshav thiab ib nrab ntawm lub neej ntawm metformin hydrochloride tsis tau hloov pauv.
Cov tshuaj Cationic (suav nrog digoxin, amiloride, morphine, procainamide, quinidine, ranitidine, quinine, trimethoprim, triamteren, vancomycin) muaj zais zais rau hauv lub raum tubules thiab, thaum siv ua ke, sib tw nrog metformin hydrochloride rau tubular thauj cov tshuab thiab tuaj yeem nce ntshav siab tshaj plaws (60 plasma). %) metformin hydrochloride. Yog tias nws tsim nyog los ua ke ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no thiab metformin hydrochloride, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua.
Thaum ua ke, cimetidine qeeb kev tshem tawm ntawm metformin hydrochloride, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lactic acidosis.
Metformin hydrochloride tuaj yeem txo qis nqus ntawm cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12).
Cov nyhuv ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog lub zog los ntawm diuretics, phenothiazines, glucocorticosteroids, glucagon, estrogens (suav nrog rau ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv qhov ncauj), cov thyroid hormones, phenytoin, epinephrine, calcium antagonists, nicotinic acid, isoniazid, sympathomimetics.
Cov nyhuv ntshav hypoglycemic ntawm metformin hydrochloride yog txhim kho los ntawm sulfonylurea derivatives, insulin, acarbose, tshuaj tsis-steroidal anti-inflammatory, oxytetracycline, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, angiotensin hloov enzyme inhibitors, cyclophosphamide, clofibrenobrate, beta derivatives.
Nrog rau kev siv ua ke ntawm metformin hydrochloride thiab azilsartan medoxomil, tsis muaj kev sib txuam tshuaj pharmacokinetic.

Noj ntau dhau

Nrog rau kev siv cov tshuaj metformin hydrochloride ntawm ib koob ntawm 85 g, tsis muaj kev txhim kho ntawm hypoglycemia, tab sis qhov no lactic acidosis tau tsim, uas tau pom los ntawm xeev ntuav, ntuav, raws plab, kub cev, mob plab, mob ceev, ua pa sai, kiv taub hau, tsis hnov qab, txhim kho tsis nco qab Cov. Tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev noj tshuaj ntau ntawm metformin hydrochloride lossis txuam nrog kev phom sij tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob lactic acidosis.
Kev kho mob: thaum noj ntau ntawm metformin hydrochloride, mob plab zom mov yog qhov tsim nyog, yog tias cov cim ntawm lactic acidosis tshwm, metformin hydrochloride kho mob yuav tsum tau nres tam sim ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob sai thiab lactate concentration tau txiav txim siab, kev ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws kom tshem tawm metformin hydrochloride thiab lactate yog hemodialysis, thiab mob. txoj kev kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj cov kev xav ntawm cov piam thaj, creatinine, urea, lactate, electrolytes hauv ntshav dej Otke ntshav. Tsis muaj ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb.

Cov npe cov lag luam rau cov tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj nquag metformin hydrochloride

Bagomet®
Glyformin®
Glyformin Prolong®
Glucofage®
Glucofage® Ntev
Tsawv
Diaformin® OD
Langerine®
Methadiene
Metospanin
Metfogamma® 500
Metfogamma® 850
Metfogamma® 1000
Metformin
Metformin Zentiva
Metformin Canon
Metformin ntev
Metformin MV-Teva
Metformin Novartis
Metformin Sandoz®
Metformin Richter
Metformin teva
Metformin hydrochloride
Nova Met
NovoFormin®
Siofor® 500
Siofor® 850
Siofor® 1000
Sofamet®
Formin®
Formin Pliva

Cov tshuaj sib xyaw:
Vildagliptin + Metformin hydrochloride: Galvus Met,
Glibenclamide + Metformin hydrochloride: Bagomet Plus®, Glibomet®, Glucovans®, Gluconorm®, Metglib®, Metglib® Lub Zog,
Glyclazide + Metformin hydrochloride: Glimecomb®,
Glimepiride + Metformin hydrochloride: Amaryl® M,
Linagliptin + Metformin hydrochloride: Gentadueto®,
Metformin hydrochloride + Rosiglitazone: Avandamet,
Metformin hydrochloride + Saksagliptin: Combogliz Prolong®,
Metformin hydrochloride + Sibutramine + Microcrystalline cellulose: Reduxin® Ntsib,
Metformin hydrochloride + Sitagliptin: Janumet.

Kev npaj thiab cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov tshuaj

Metformin tau piav qhia thawj zaug hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib tw hauv xyoo 1922 los ntawm Emil Werner thiab James Bell ua cov khoom lag luam hauv Nchav N, N-dimethylguanidine. Xyoo 1929, Slotta thiab Cheshe tau pom nws cov txiaj ntsig qab zib nyob hauv luav, tau ceeb toom tias nws yog tus muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm cov biguanides uas lawv tau kawm. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau raug tsis nco qab, zoo li tau ua haujlwm ntawm lwm tus guanidine analogues, xws li synthalin, thaum lub koob meej ntawm insulin.

Txaus siab rau metformin, li cas los xij, rov qab rau xyoo 1940s.Xyoo 1950, nws tau pom tias metformin, tsis zoo li qee cov sib txuas ntxiv, tsis txo cov ntshav siab thiab lub plawv hauv cov tsiaj. Hauv tib lub xyoo, tus kws kho mob Philippines Eusebio Garcia tau siv cov tshuaj metformin (uas nws hu ua fluam) rau kev kho mob khaub thuas. Nws tau sau tseg tias cov tshuaj "txo qis ntshav qab zib kom tsawg tshaj plaws hauv kev sim tshuaj" hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Garcia tseem ntseeg tias metformin muaj bacteriostatic, antiviral, antimalarial, antipyretic, thiab analgesic cov teebmeem. Hauv cov ntawv sau hauv xyoo 1954, Tus kws tshuaj hauv tebchaws Polish Janusz Supnevsky tsis tuaj yeem lees paub txog feem ntau ntawm cov teebmeem no, suav nrog kev txo cov ntshav qab zib, tab sis nws tau soj ntsuam qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tib neeg.

Nyob rau ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Salpetriere, Fab Kis Kev Ntshav Qab Zib Fab Fab Jean Stern kawm txog cov khoom qab zib-txo cov khoom ntawm galegin (ib qho alkaloid cais los ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj tshis), muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog metformin, thiab saib xyuas nws txoj kev siv sijhawm luv luv li tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej synthalines tau tsim. Tom qab ntawd, thaum ua haujlwm hauv Aron lub chaw soj nstuam hauv Paris, nws rov qab soj ntsuam cov khoom qab zib-txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm metformin thiab ob peb qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo. Stern yog thawj tus uas sim siv metformin rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hauv tib neeg, nws coined lub npe "Glucophagus" (Eng. "Ntsia hauv qab"-" kua nplaum noj mov ") rau cov tshuaj no thiab luam tawm nws cov txiaj ntsig xyoo 1957.

Metformin tau dhau los muaj nyob hauv Daim Ntawv Tebchaws Askiv Hauv Tebchaws hauv 1958 thiab tau muag thawj zaug hauv tebchaws Askiv.

Qhov kev txaus siab thoob plaws hauv metformin hloov dua tshiab tsuas yog tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lwm qhov loj dua los ntawm cov tshuaj ncig hauv xyoo 1970s. Metformin tau pom zoo hauv tebchaws Canada xyoo 1972, thiab hauv Tebchaws Meskas nws tau pom zoo los ntawm FDA rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tsuas yog xyoo 1994. Tau ntawv tso cai los ntawm Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glucophage yog thawj lub npe lag luam rau cov metformin uas yuav muag hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas pib lub Peb Hlis 3, 1995. Cov tshuaj Generics tam sim no muaj nyob hauv ntau lub teb chaws, thiab metformin ntseeg tau tias yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Kev npaj thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm cov tshuaj hloov |Metformin yog dab tsi?

"Metformin" thiab nws cov tshuaj analogues - cov tshuaj hypoglycemic nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib - feem ntau yog yam thib ob, tab sis qee qhov, cov tshuaj raug coj thiab thawj hom. Txij li nws cov lus qhia hauv xyoo 1957, Metformin tau tseem nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj teeb meem xws li kev rog dhau. Cov tshuaj Insulin pab txhawb kev tso nyiaj ntawm cov rog, thiab Metformin, txo cov tshuaj insulin hauv lub cev, pab ua kom tshem tau. Nws yog vim qhov kev txiav txim no uas ntau tus neeg siv Metformin ua cov ntsiav tshuaj noj.

Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj "Metformin"

Cov tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj suav nrog cov tshuaj nquag hu ua metformin hydrochloride, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj ntuj uas tau los ntawm Fabkis lilac thiab tshis lub hauv paus. Cov tshuaj tsis haum ntawm cov tshuaj yog talc, pob kws nplej siab, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, thiab povidone K90, crospovidone thiab macrogol 6000.

Cov Kev Qhia rau Metformin

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, "Metformin" - cov ntsiav tshuaj uas tau sau tseg rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yam tsis muaj ketoacidosis (kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov metabolism carbohydrate vim tsis muaj cov tshuaj insulin). Cov tshuaj yog qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob rog, yog tias kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Tsis tas li, nrog cov rog dhau, nws tuaj yeem tsim tshuaj nrog insulin.

Nrog rau kev kuaj mob zoo li ntshav qab zib mellitus, Metformin ntsiav tshuaj tau sau ob leeg ua ib qho tshuaj ywj siab, thiab hauv kev sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj qab zib ntawm lwm pab pawg, yog tias peb tab tom tham txog hom thib ob. Hauv thawj hom, nws yog kws kho ntxiv rau kev kho mob tseem ceeb.

Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias Metformin tseem ua tau zoo siv rau kev kho oncology ntsig txog ntshav qab zib.

Metformin kev txiav txim

Metformin tsub kom rhiab ntau hauv cov hlwb rau cov tshuaj insulin. Cov piam thaj hauv ntshav thiab cov roj cholesterol qis dua. Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj oxidation, tsis txhob cia cov carbohydrates los cuam tshuam, thiab yog li tiv thaiv kom cov kev txuam nrog cov rog hauv lub cev.

Cov tshuaj Insulin pib cov txheej txheem ntawm cov rog rog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj chaw muaj teeb meem (tshwj xeeb ntawm lub plab). Yog li, cov pluas noj feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev tshem cov zaub mov uas ua rau cov piam thaj ntau ntawm cov zaub mov noj. Metformin tseem txwv kev tshaib plab los ntawm cov tshuaj insulin.

Daim ntawv tso tawm thiab ntau npaum li cas

"Metformin" - cov ntsiav tshuaj coated ntawm 500, 850 thiab 1000 mg, uas muaj nyob hauv cov hlwv ntawm 10 daim txhua, yog dawb. Kev kho mob pib nrog 500-1000 mg ib hnub twg, uas yog, 1-2 ntsiav tshuaj. Qhov koob tshuaj, nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, tuaj yeem nce ntxiv tom qab thawj zaug 10-15 hnub ntawm kev kho, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj 3000 mg ib hnub twg yuav tsum tau noj. Cov koob tshuaj saib xyuas yog 1000-2000 mg (3-4 ntsiav tshuaj). Cov lus qhia "Metformin" kuj tsis pom zoo kom noj tshuaj ntau dua 1000 mg rau ib hnub rau cov neeg laus.

Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj tag nrho thaum lub sijhawm lossis tom qab noj mov, ntxuav nrog dej. Qee zaum cov lus nug tshwm sim hais tias cov ntsiav tshuaj ("Metformin") tuaj yeem faib ua ib nrab. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog ib koob ntawm 500 mg, ces qhov no tsis zoo, vim tias qhov txo qis dua tsis muab cov yam xav tau, thiab nws tsis pom zoo kom rhuav lub qog yog tias nws npog cov ntsiav tshuaj. Yog tias nws yooj yim nqos vim tias nws loj, ces nws tuaj yeem faib ua ob sab thiab coj mus rau qee qhov - tab sis tam sim ntawd, ib qho ntxiv tom qab.

Txij li Metformin tuaj yeem muab cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv lub plab zom mov, cov tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ib zaug, tab sis hauv ob lossis peb zaug noj thaum nruab hnub, nyiam noj mov. Yog tias pom muaj kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov metabolism hauv lub cev, qhov tshuaj yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg.

Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau siv lwm cov tshuaj nyob rau tib lub sijhawm thaum koj noj Metformin (ntsiav tshuaj), cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tshuaj twg tuaj yeem ua ke nrog Metformin thiab uas tsis tuaj yeem. Nws kuj tseem yuav tau sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam tshuaj nrog Metformin.

Feem ntau, cov neeg mob txaus siab rau cov tshuaj analogues ntawm cov tshuaj - pheej yig lossis zoo dua, suav nrog yog tias lawv xav tau tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib. "Metformin" muaj ntau cov analogues uas muaj cov ntsiab cai zoo sib xws. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog Glucofage thiab Siofor, yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov tshaj plaws rau Metformin, ntxiv rau lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw uas muaj tib yam, uas yog los ntawm cov uas lawv ua zoo ib yam ntawm lub cev thiab muaj cov cim qhia tib yam rau kev siv Metformin ntsiav tshuaj. Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov analogues tuaj yeem nyeem hauv Is Taws Nem, koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem piv cov lus qhia rau kev siv los kos cov lus xaus thiab xaiv cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws.

Cov tshuaj ntawm Metformin yog:

Bagomet,
Hexal
Glycon,
Gliminfor,
Metospanin
"Metfogamma" (500, 850, 1000),
Nova Met
NovoFormin,
Sofamet
"Formin" thiab lwm yam.
Siofor (500, 850, 1000) - ib qho tshuaj German ua noj ntawm qhov ncauj, muaj cov nyhuv ntshav qab zib, ib qho kev hloov zoo rau kev txhaj tshuaj insulin.

Raws li rau Glucofage, nws kim dua Metformin, tab sis thaum nws noj, cov neeg mob muaj 50 feem pua yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev mob ntawm lub plab hnyuv plab. "Glucophage" yog qhia rau hom kabmob ntshav qab zib zaum ob, nws siv ob leeg ntawm nws tus kheej thiab sib xyaw nrog lwm yam tshuaj. Qhov hloov "Glucophage ntev" muaj ncua sijhawm siv sijhawm.

Yeej, tag nrho cov tshuaj muaj tib lub ntsiab cai ntawm kev raug rau lub cev, vim tias lawv muaj ib yam khoom muaj nyob hauv lawv lub hauv paus.

Kuj tseem muaj kev noj haus pab zaub mov kom pab txo qis cov ntshav qabzib:

"Vijar" (kuj txo cov roj (cholesterol), ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob kis thiab kab mob),
"Spirulina" (muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev ua kom lub cev tsis haum, nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam tshaj qhov hnyav),
Glucberry (txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob ntshav qab zib) thiab lwm tus.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj zaub mov noj tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog hloov ua tiav rau cov tshuaj, tuaj yeem siv los ntxiv rau txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb. Ntxiv rau, ua ntej noj cov zaub mov noj, koj yuav tsum sab laj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.

"Metformin" rau ntshav qab zib

"Metformin" yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau hnub no. Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov tshuaj insulin, thiab cov koob tshuaj yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ntau npaum li cas.

Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, nws suppresses glucogenesis tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau theem ntawm cov kua dej hauv cov ntshav. Nws tseem pab txhim kho ntshav kev ntshav nyob hauv nplooj siab, vim tias cov piam thaj sai sai hloov mus ua glycogen.

Hauv kev kho mob ntawm yam mob ntshav qab zib thib ob, Metformin tuaj yeem raug kho rau lub neej. Yog tias nws tau raug sau ua ke nrog rau lwm cov kab mob hypoglycemic, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau soj ntsuam cov qib ntawm cov piam thaj kom tsis txhob muaj ntshav qab zib. Nrog rau ib qho hno tshuaj sib txawv, cov tshuaj qog ntshav qab zib tsis txhim kho.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob rog rog, uas feem ntau ua ke nrog ntshav qab zib, vim nws ua rau kev qab los noj mov thiab txo qhov nqus ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm cov zaub mov hauv cov hnyuv.

Hauv thawj hom, cov tshuaj siv los ua lub zog rau cov tshuaj insulin thiab lwm cov tshuaj ntshav qab zib, cais nws, tsuas yog noj hom ntshav qab zib hom 2 xwb. Thaum pib txoj kev kho mob nrog Metformin, kev tswj hwm ntawm lwm yam kab mob hypoglycemic yuav tsum nres.

Kev kho mob nrog Metformin tseem muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo nyob rau hauv qhov muaj cov teebmeem ntawm metabolic syndrome thiab cuam tshuam ntawm lipid metabolism.

Metabolic syndrome yog lub xeev ntawm lub cev uas muaj ntau yam ua ke: cov metabolism hauv zaub mov lub cev tsis ua haujlwm, tus neeg mob cuam tshuam txog mob ntshav liab, rog, thiab lwm yam. Cov tsos mob nrog cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho cov kab mob plawv. Hauv plawv ntawm cov mob no yog insulin tsis kam, uas, raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, ze ze rau cov ntshav qab zib thiab leeg ntshav raug mob.

Raws li rau lipid metabolism kev ntshawv siab, los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qib ntawm triglycerides, tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) thiab LDL raug txo yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj Metformin ntshav qab zib. Cov lus tshawb fawb los ntawm kws tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj no tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua siab ntev rau kev noj cov tshuaj carbohydrates.

"Metformin" rau qhov hnyav dua

Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov pov thawj ua kom yuag poob hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau ua rau qhov tseeb tias Metformin tau nrov ntawm cov neeg uas xav poob phaus.

Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj pib cov txheej txheem uas pab hlawv cov rog ntau dhau thiab tiv thaiv cov rog tshiab los ntawm kev tsim, nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog kev saib xyuas rau cov neeg uas tsis mob ntshav qab zib, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus lej ntau yam mob.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj nws tus kheej tsis hlawv roj, tab sis tsuas yog pab siv nws cov nyiaj ntau dhau yog tias nws tseem nrog cov kev tawm dag zog thiab kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb. "Metformin" - cov ntsiav tshuaj tsis yog cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo, tab sis tsuas yog ib yam khoom siv ntxiv. Txawm hais tias ntawm cov kws kho mob tsis muaj qhov tsis pom zoo txog leej twg tuaj yeem siv tshuaj Metformin: cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev phom sij ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau ntsuas tus kheej hauv txhua kis. Qee cov kws kho mob sau ntawv rau nws kom tus neeg mob kom poob sai, lwm tus suav tias nws muaj kev phom sij rau lub cev. Yog li, thaum poob ceeb thawj nrog kev pab ntawm Metformin, kev kuaj ua ntej thiab kev sab laj ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txiav txim siab kom raug.

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum xav txog ntau yam kev sib kis. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis hom 2 uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj insulin, koj tuaj yeem sau tshuaj Metformin thiab daws cov teeb meem uas poob phaus tsuas yog kev pab los ntawm tus kws kho endocrinologist.

Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj qee yam yuav tsum tau koj noj cov tshuaj rau lub raum, lub plawv, lub ntsws tsis ua haujlwm, mob siab, ua kom ntshav khov.

Cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem siv thaum lub cev tsis muaj zog - tom qab kev khiav haujlwm, raug mob, mob hnyav, nws yuav tsum zam thaum muaj mob sib kis.

Nws raug txwv tsis pub noj "Metformin" yog tias koj ua raws li cov zaub mov tsis zoo rau lub cev.

Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm Metformin txoj kev kho thiab pab txhawb kom yuag yog:

sai rog oxidation
tsis tshua muaj carbohydrate haum
cov piam thaj zoo dua los ntawm cov leeg ua ke
txo kev tshaib plab, uas ua rau lub cev hnyav dua.

Nrog rau qhov tsis tuaj yeem yuag poob nrog cov tshuaj no, cov kev mob tshwm sim yog feem ntau, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tau noj ntau dua li kev tso cai los ntawm cov lus qhia. Ntxiv nrog rau teeb meem lub plab zom mov tseem ceeb, koj tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog, tsaug zog, qaug zog, lactic acidosis thiab lwm yam kab mob loj tuaj yeem tsim kho.

Tsis tas li, thaum noj Metformin, koj yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus. Nws tsis suav nrog cov khoom qab zib, pasta, qos yaj ywm, ntsuj plig. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum tsis tu ncua, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaib plab, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi zaub mov zoo yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2500 kcal ib hnub. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, koj yuav tsum haus ntau li ntau tau.

Txawm hais tias Metformin tshem tawm qhov kev xav tau los koom nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev, qhov no tsis txhais tau tias yuav zam tau ib yam kev tawm dag zog. Kev tawm dag zog thaum sawv ntxov, kev tawm dag zog sab nraud, kev tawm dag zog lub cev thaum tawm tsam nrog cov tshuaj yuav pab kom tshem tawm cov rog ntau dhau sai dua. Tsis txhob cia siab tias Metformin yuav ua txhua yam rau koj yam tsis muaj kev mob siab ntxiv rau koj ib feem!

Tsis txhob koom nrog hauv cov tshuaj thiab coj nws hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus "kom zoo dua": koj yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua cov tshuaj yog tias koj noj tshuaj Metformin (ntsiav tshuaj). Cov lus qhia rau kev siv muab cov lus qhia meej txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov khoom, yog tias tsis pom, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub cev. Ib qho ntxiv, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv tsis pub dhau peb lub hlis, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau mus so.

Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau cov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg uas noj cov tshuaj Metformin noj tshuaj. Kev txheeb xyuas muaj ntau yam sib txawv: ib tug neeg tau tshem ntawm cov rog ntau dhau sai sai thiab tau ntev, ib tus neeg tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cwj pwm tsis zoo lossis phiv. Tab sis feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias cov neeg uas Metformin tau pab coj nws txoj kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob, tom qab tshuaj xyuas tas, thaum tswj xyuas cov zaub mov kom tsim nyog thiab tsis saib xyuas lub cev.

Cov Kev Tsis Txaus Ntseeg rau Metformin

Ua ntej pib Metformin kev kho, tsis hais seb koj puas muaj ntshav qab zib lossis xav poob ceeb thawj, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov npe zoo tshaj plaws ntawm contraindications thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.

Cov kev txwv tsis pub muaj xws li mob raum, mob plawv, mob ntsws tsis ua haujlwm, muaj cov kab mob loj rau lub siab thiab mob plab, mob ntev ua rau lub ntsws ua pa. Cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem noj nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tom qab mob thiab tom qab ib ntus, zoo li tom qab myocardial infarction hauv lub sijhawm rov ua kom rov zoo. Txais tos "Metformin" yog qhov sib kis hauv cov txheej txheem sib kis thiab cov kab mob thiab ua kom hnyav ntxiv ntawm ib qho kab mob ntev ntev, cov mob hnyav heev.

Cov tshuaj tsis pub txwv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation. Thaum npaj kev cev xeeb tub lossis nws qhov tshwm sim thaum noj Metformin, cov tshuaj yuav tsum raug tso tseg thiab hloov mus rau txoj kev kho tshuaj insulin. Kev pub mis niam, yog tias xav tau kev kho mob nrog Metformin, yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj rau ntawm niam mis, tab sis txawm tias ib feem me me ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau nkag mus rau hauv cov mis nyuj yog qhov txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam, txij li hnub nyoog 18 xyoo yog ib qho ntawm cov contraindications xyoo laus. "Metformin" tsis raug samfwm rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.

Tsis tas li, "Metformin" tsis tuaj yeem nqa mus rau kev haus cawv thiab mob qaug dej qaug cawv. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum tsis kam lees haus cawv thiab cawv muaj tshuaj yog tias koj noj tshuaj Metformin. Qhov tseeb yog tias kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ethanol thiab metformin txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov koob tshuaj me me provokes qhov kev loj hlob sai ntawm lactocytosis, mus txog rau qhov ua kom cov neeg tuag taus.

Nws txaus ntshai heev yog noj "Metformin" nrog cov zaub mov tsis tshua zoo thiab "tshaib plab" kom yuag.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa mus rau tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog 60 xyoo yog tias lawv koom nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, kom tsis txhob muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov mob lactic acidosis.

Thaum kho, cov neeg mob yuav tsum saib xyuas lub raum kev ua haujlwm, saib xyuas qib ntshav plasma lactate, ntshiab si creatinine.

Sab sij huam tshuaj

"Metformin" ua rau ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim. Yog li, thaum kho, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm koj lub cev thiab yog tias koj muaj kev tsis txaus siab, sab laj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj noj tshuaj tsis raws li kev qhia thiab kws kho mob sau, tab sis ntawm koj tus kheej.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov tshuaj ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo los ntawm lub plab zom mov. Hauv qhov no, qhov tsis txaus siab tshwm sim xws li:

xeev siab
ntuav heev
raws plab heev
flatulence
tsis qab los noj mov
cov tsos hauv lub qhov ncauj ntawm cov xim hlau saj,
cov tsos ntawm kev mob plab.

Tus neeg mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem yws txog kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, tachycardia, tawm pob thiab tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv nqaij, feem ntau nrog khaus.

Qhov tsis tshua pom muaj tab sis muaj kev phiv tshuaj yog lactic acidosis. Nrog cov kab mob lactic acidosis, cov lactic acid nkag rau hauv cov ntshav, thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob yog qaug zog, tsaug zog, nce nkees, ua rau xeev siab thiab ntuav.

Nrog kev siv sijhawm ntev ntawm cov tshuaj, daim siab lub cev ua haujlwm tau.

Yog tias koj pom tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm cov kev qhia no, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob, qhia nws tias koj tab tom noj tshuaj Metformin. Qhov txiaj ntsig thiab kev phom sij rau lub cev hauv qhov no yuav tsis zoo ib yam, koj tsis tas yuav siv cov tshuaj no thiab koj yuav tsum nrhiav lwm txoj kev xaiv rau kev kho lossis poob phaus.

"Metformin" - cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau ntshav qab zib hom 2. "Metformin" kuj pab txo qhov hnyav, tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj no tsis yog panacea, nws yuav tsis hloov cov zaub mov qis thiab ua kom lub cev qoj ib ce. Kev Kho Mob "Metformin" yuav tsum nrog soj ntsuam cov qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav thiab tsis lees paub cov cwj pwm tsis zoo, suav nrog zaub mov. Yog tias koj xav kom poob phaus nrog nws, tsis txhob muab lub cev qoj, noj kom zoo thiab tsis txhob hnov qab tias nws yog thawj zaug ntawm kev siv tshuaj mob hnyav, nws yog tsim los tua ntshav qab zib, yog li koj yuav tsum noj nws kom zoo thiab tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.