Siv tau tshuaj zoo rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2

Ntau tus neeg yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj hypoglycemic rau hom mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, cov npe ntawm ib tiam tshiab tau raug hloov kho txhua xyoo nrog kev tsim kho tshiab. Yog thaum pib cov tsos mob ntawm "kab mob qab zib" thiab cov piam thaj tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, tom qab lub sijhawm cia lub cev muaj nyiaj ntau, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem ntawm nws tus kheej.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias muaj ob hom mob ntshav qab zib - insulin-cov tub rog thiab tsis-insulin-tiv thaiv. Hauv rooj plaub thib ob, nrog lub caij nyoog ntev ntawm pathology, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau pib siv cov tshuaj uas txo cov tshuaj insulin tsis kam.

Kev ua lag luam pharmacological nthuav tawm ntau ntau ntawm cov tshuaj qab zib-rau qis, tab sis txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj lub tshuab tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nqis tes ua, contraindications thiab muaj qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim. Xav txog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic.

Qhov tseem ceeb Hom 2 Ntshav Qab Zib Tshuaj

Kev txhim kho ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 feem ntau yog cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj mob autoimmune. Hauv qhov no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, vim qhov ntawd los ntawm cov kabmob hlwb ntawm lub islet apparatus yuav tsum tsis txhob tsim cov suab thaj txo qis - insulin. Tsis zoo li thawj zaug, uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones tsis nres. Qhov teeb meem yog cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag siab ntawm cov cell receptors uas paub txog cov kua dej.

Qhov thib ob hom pathology cuam tshuam 90% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Feem ntau cov neeg no yog cov neeg laus dua 40-45 leej twg nquag rog los yog muaj cov txheeb ze muaj ntshav qab zib (qhov muaj keeb).

Los ntawm 2017, ntau cov tshuaj uas txo cov piam thaj tau ua thiab txhim kho. Txog rau hnub no, hom kab mob hypoglycemic hauv qab no nyob ua ib ke.

Txhim kho cov insulin rhiab heev ntawm cov hlwb:

• thiazolidinediones (Pioglar thiab Diaglitazone),
• kho mob loj (metformin).

Cov tshuaj tshiab uas tau tsim pib hauv xyoo 2000:

1. DPP-4 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (Ongliza thiab Yanuviya),
2. alpha glucosidase inhibitors (Glucobai),
3. GLP-1 receptor agonists (Viktoza thiab Baeta).

Stimulants lawm:

• meglitinides (Starlix thiab Novonorm),
• sulfonylurea derivatives (Maninyl, Glurenorm thiab Diabeton).

Qhov thib peb hom tshuaj cuam tshuam loj heev rau pancreatic muaj nuj nqi thiab depletes nws. Thaum noj cov tshuaj no, yuav luag txhua lub caij nyoog ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 mus rau thawj zaug.

Cov tshuaj uas tau hais txog yav dhau los kho rau hom 2 ntshav qab zib yog suav tias yog cov tshuaj tshiab tshiab, cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog uas yuav hais tawm tom qab.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm muab tshuaj rau cov ntshav qab zib

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev xaiv yog muab rau cov tshuaj uas muaj qhov pheej hmoo tsawg kawg ntawm hypoglycemia: biguanides, gliptins, incretinsCov. Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj kev rog dhau los ntawm kev rog dhau thiab mob ntshav nce hlwb, ntau ntxiv yog qhov zoo dua - lawv tso cai rau koj kom txo qhov hnyav thiab tswj qhov siab.

Txheej txheem ntawm kev teem caij ntawm biguanides: thawj koob tshuaj metformin yog 500 mg 2-3 zaug ib hnub tom qab noj mov. Cov koob tshuaj ntxiv no ua tau kwv yees li 2 lub lis piam tom qab pib kho mob. Qhov ntau kawg txhua hnub noj cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 3000 mg. Kev nce ntxiv zuj zus yog txuam nrog kev phiv tsawg dua los ntawm txoj hnyuv huam.

Gliptins: tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib ntawm tiam neeg tom kawg, tau noj 1 ntsiav tshuaj (25 mg) ib hnub twg, tsis hais txog ntawm cov zaub mov noj.

Kev ua txhaum: tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg no tau hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev daws rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Lawv muab rau 1 lossis 2 zaug nyob rau ib hnub, nyob ntawm ntau tiam.

Yog tias monotherapy muab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo, cov tshuaj sib txuas hauv qab no ntawm cov kab mob ntshav qab zib tau siv:

1. Metformin + Gliptins.
2. Incretins + metformin.
3. Metformin + sulfonylurea kev npaj.
4. Glinides + metformin.

Thawj ob qhov sib xyaw ua ke muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia, qhov hnyav rau lawv tseem ruaj khov.

Tswv yim ntawm prescribing sulfonylurea npaj: nws nyob ntawm lub sijhawm tiam neej ntawm cov tshuaj. Feem ntau siv tshuaj yeeb 1 zaug nyob rau ib hnub thaum sawv ntxov. Nrog rau qhov ua kom ntau ntxiv, muab cov hau kev tuaj yeem muab faib rau thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj.

Clinid cov qauv tshuaj: Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj ntawm pawg neeg no tau faib tawm kom tau txais khoom noj thiab tau noj tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws. Feem ntau cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj 3 zaug ib hnub.

Alpha Glucosidase Cov Kws Tshuaj: qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj yog pom tsuas yog tias koj noj cov ntsiav tshuaj tam sim ntawd ua ntej noj mov. Thawj koob tshuaj 50 mg yog qaug cawv 3 zaug nyob rau ib hnub. Qhov nruab nrab cov tshuaj rau hauv txhua hnub yog 300 mg. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 200 mg 3 zaug ib hnub. Yog tias tsim nyog, nce cov koob tshuaj tom qab 4-8 lub lis piam.

Thiazolidinediones: Cov tshuaj yuav tau noj 1-2 zaug hauv ib hnub, nyob ntawm tiam. Lub sijhawm noj mov tsis cuam tshuam rau lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo. Yog tias tsim nyog, nce ntxiv rau qhov muab tshuaj, nws nce ntxiv tom qab 1-2 lub hlis.

Sau npe rau cov piam thaj txo cov tshuaj

Tus kws kho mob xaiv qee pawg ntawm cov tshuaj, suav txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg: cov kab mob sib xyaw nrog, muaj qhov hnyav dua, muaj teeb meem nrog CVS, kev noj haus, thiab lwm yam.

Ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj nyob hauv pab pawg no, methylbiguanide derivatives, metformin, tau txais koob meej tshaj plaws. Nws cov kev ua ntawm kev ua raws li qhov kev txo qis ntawm cov kua nplaum ua los ntawm lub siab thiab txo qis ntawm insulin tsis kam los ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab adipose cov nqaij.

Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ua ke yog metformin. Npaj raws nws:

• Merifatin,
• Formin ntev
• Glyformin
• Tsawv
• Glucophage,
• Siofor
• Diaformin.

• tsis cuam tshuam lossis txo qhov hnyav lub cev,
• tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm hypoglycemic tus neeg sawv cev,
• muaj cov kev pheej hmoo qog ntshav qab zib tsawg,
• tsis txhob nce lub tso pa tawm ntawm koj tus kheej cov insulin,
• txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qee yam kab mob plawv,
• Txo lossis tiv thaiv kev txhim kho mob ntshav qab zib hauv cov neeg tsis hnov ​​lus carbohydrate,
• nqi.

• feem ntau ua rau muaj kev phiv los ntawm txoj hnyuv hauv plab, yog li ntawd, nws yog tshuaj thawj zaug rau hauv koob tshuaj tsawg kawg,
• tej zaum yuav ua rau lactic acidosis.

• Kev ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg-tsawg calories (tsawg dua 1000 kcal tauj ib hnub).
• Kev tsis haum tshuaj rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv.
• Cov teeb meem mob siab, nrog rau kev quav dej quav cawv.
• Cov mob tsis zoo ntawm lub raum thiab lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm.
• Lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub.
• Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog txog 10 xyoo.

Sulfonylureas

Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yog txhawb kev ua kom zais ntawm ib tus kheej cov insulin. Qhov tseem ceeb tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 no yog:

1. GliclazideCov. Cov npe ua lag luam: Golda MV, Gliclad, Diabetalong, Glidiab. Liajntsum MV, Diabefarm, Diabinax.
2. Glimepiride: Instolit, Glaim, Diamerid, Amaril, Meglimid.
3. Glycidone: Yuglin, Glurenorm.
4. Glipizide: Glibenez rov qab los.
5. Glibenclamide: Statiglin, Maninil, Glibeks, Glimidstad.

Qee cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv ntev - xa mus rau MV (hloov kho tso tawm) lossis qeeb qeeb. Qhov no yuav ua kom txo tsawg cov ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub. Piv txwv li, Glidiab MV muaj 30 mg ntawm cov tshuaj thiab noj ib zaug ib hnub, txawm tias cov koob tshuaj tau nce ntxiv, thiab ib txwm Glidiab - 80 mg, kev txais tos tau faib rau thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj.

Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm cov pab pawg yog:

• cov nyhuv ceev
• txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm vascular cov teeb meem ntshav qab zib hom 2,
• nqi.

• kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia,
• lub cev tau txais sai sai rau lawv - kev txhim kho,
• tej zaum ib qho kev nce hauv lub cev hnyav,
• tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij rau teeb meem nrog cov hlab plawv.

• Yam 1 ntshav qab zib
• cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog
• cev xeeb tub thiab lactation
• kev fab tshuaj rau sulfonamides thiab sulfonylureas,
• lub plab hnyuv kab mob
• ketoacidosis, mob ntshav qab zib precoma thiab coma.

Qhov no yog lub npe tshwm sim rau cov tshuaj hormones uas txhawb kev tsim tawm hauv insulin. Cov no suav nrog glucagon-zoo li peptide-1 (GLP-1) thiab glucose-nyob insulinotropic polypeptide (HIP). Endogenous (muaj tswv) ntau ntxiv yog tsim tawm hauv cov hnyuv hauv cov lus teb rau cov khoom noj thiab ua kom nquag plias li ob peb feeb. Rau cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib, exogenous (los ntawm sab nraud) incretins tau tsim, uas muaj kev ua haujlwm ntev dua.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm glucagon-zoo li peptide - 1 receptor agonists:

• Cov kua nplaum-kev ua kom lub zog ntawm insulin.
• Tsawg cov glucagon tso pa tawm.
• Txo cov kua nplaum tawm ntau los ntawm nplooj siab.
• Cov zaub mov qog ua rau lub plab qeeb dua, uas ua rau kev noj zaub mov tsawg dua thiab ua rau poob phaus.

Cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj uas muaj xws li cov teebmeem ntawm GLP-1:

1. Sab nrauv: Byeta.
2. Liraglutide: Victoza, Saxenda.

• muaj cov tib yam li lawv tus kheej GLP-1,
• tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm daim ntawv thov, muaj qhov txo qis hauv lub cev,
• glycated hemoglobin txo qis.

• tsis muaj cov ntawv rau ntsiav tshuaj, cov tshuaj tau txhaj,
• kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm hypoglycemia,
• nquag muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hnyuv quav,
• nqi.

• Yam 1 ntshav qab zib
• cev xeeb tub thiab lactation
• tus kheej tsis kam rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv,
• cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog.

Kev kawm, lawv hu ua IDPP-4 lossis hom 4 dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors. Kuj zwm rau cov pab pawg ntawm incretins, tab sis lawv zoo dua. Lub tshuab ntawm kev txiav txim siab tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ua kom sai ntawm kev tsim nws tus kheej lub plab ua haujlwm, uas ua kom lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov txiav ua kab raws li cov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj. Lawv kuj muaj piam thaj ntau zuj zus vim cov piam thaj ntau zuj zus thiab cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv hauv lub siab.

Muaj ob peb yam tshuaj thiab lawv npaj:

1. Sitagliptin: Januvius, Yasitara, Xelevia.
2. Vildagliptin: Galvus.
3. Saxagliptin: Onglisa.
4. Linagliptin: Trazenta.
5. Alogliptin: Vipidia.

• tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia,
• tsis cuam tshuam rau lub cev qhov hnyav,
• txhawb cov kev tsim dua tshiab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, uas tso cai rau ntshav qab zib kom nce qeeb qeeb,
• muaj nyob hauv ntsiav tshuaj daim ntawv.

• tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev siv mus sij hawm ntev,
• nqi.

1. Lub sijhawm ntawm cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
2. Yam 1 ntshav qab zib.
3. Ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis.
4. Cov me nyuam lub hnub nyoog.

Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors

Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqis tes ua yog ua kom qhov nqus ntawm carbohydrates hauv txoj hnyuv. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw rov qab ua kom qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev tawg ntawm cov neeg tsis sib haum xeeb thiab oligosaccharides rau cov piam thaj thiab fructose hauv qhov lumen ntawm txoj hnyuv. Ntxiv rau, lawv tsis cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb pancreatic.

Pab pawg no suav nrog cov tshuaj acarbose, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj Glucobay.

Pluses ntawm cov tshuaj:

• tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov hnyav lawm,
• Tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia,
• txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv cov neeg uas tsis muaj qabzib tsis kam txais,
• txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov mob plawv.

• nquag muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hnyuv quav,
• qis dua kev ua tau zoo dua li lwm qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj,
• nquag nkag - 3 zaug ib hnub.

1. Lub sijhawm ntawm cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
2. Cov me nyuam lub hnub nyoog.
3. Kev tsis haum tshuaj rau qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj.
4. Mob plab hnyuv.
5. Mob raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Lub tshuab tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqis tes yog qhov ua kom muaj zog hauv insulin ntau lawm. Tsis zoo li lwm pab pawg pharmacological, lawv ua rau muaj kev nce siab ntxiv cov tshuaj insulin nyob hauv thawj 15 feeb tom qab noj mov, vim tias "cov peaks" hauv cov ntshav qabzib tau txo qis. Qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj hormones nws tus kheej rov qab rau nws cov nqi qub 3-4 teev tom qab kawg koob tshuaj.

Cov tshuaj thiab cov yeeb tshuaj tseem ceeb yog:

1. Cov Duab Tsim Tshuaj LiabCov. Cov npe ua lag luam: Iglinid, Diclinid, NovoNorm.
2. Kev Tshawb Fawb: Starlix.

• ceev ntawm kev txiav txim thaum pib ntawm txoj kev kho,
• siv tau los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev noj zaub mov tsis xwm yeem,
• kev tswj ntawm postprandial hyperglycemia - thaum cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav nce siab tom qab ib pluas noj rau 10 mmol / l lossis ntau dua.

• hnyav
• kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsis paub tseeb nrog kev siv lub sijhawm ntev,
• qhov ntau zaus ntawm kev siv yog sib npaug nrog cov xov tooj ntawm cov pluas noj,
• nqi.

• cov menyuam yaus thiab hnub nyoog laus
• lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis,
• Yam 1 ntshav qab zib
• mob plab ketoacidosis.

Thiazolidinediones

Lawv lwm lub npe yog glitazone. Lawv yog ib pab pawg ntawm cov neeg tsis paub yoog - lawv nce qhov yooj yim ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mus rau insulin, uas yog, txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv insulin. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev nqis tes ua yog txhawm rau txhawm rau siv cov piam thaj hauv siab. Tsis zoo li sulfonylurea derivatives, cov tshuaj no tsis txhawb qhov tsim tawm ntawm pancreatic beta hlwb los ntawm insulin.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshuaj thiab lawv cov kev npaj yog:

1. PioglitazoneCov. Cov npe kev lag luam: Pioglar, Diab-Norm, Amalvia, Diaglitazone, Astrozone, Pioglit.
2. Rosiglitazone: Avandia.

• txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob macrovascular,
• tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia,
• kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv beta hlwb ntawm cov txiav,
• txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv cov neeg kis rau nws,
• txo qis hauv cov roj triglycerides thiab nce siab hauv lipoproteins cov ntshav ntau hauv cov ntshav.

• hnyav
• o ntawm lub extremities feem ntau tshwm sim,
• nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov leeg pob txha hauv cov poj niam,
• cov nyhuv loj hlob qeeb
• nqi.

• daim siab mob
• Yam 1 ntshav qab zib
• mob ketoacidosis,
• lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis,
• lub plawv dhia tsis zoo
• cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog
• edema ntawm tej keeb kwm.

Hom insulin ntshav qab zib hom 2

Lawv sim tsis txhob sau tshuaj rau insulin npaj mus rau qhov kawg - thaum xub thawj lawv tswj hwm hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj daim ntawv. Tab sis qee zaum cov tshuaj insulin los ua qhov tsim nyog txawm tias tau pib kho.

1. Thawj qhov kuaj pom tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, thaum tus nqi ntawm glycated hemoglobin> 9% thiab qhia cov tsos mob ntawm decompensation.
2. Qhov tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig thaum sau tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj noj uas muaj suab thaj txo cov tshuaj.
3. Lub xub ntiag ntawm contraindications thiab tshaj tawm phiv los ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj.
4. Ketoacidosis.
5. Ib qho kev hloov mus ib ntus yog ua tau thaum phais yog tos tus neeg lossis exacerbations ntawm qee cov kab mob ntev tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas decompensation ntawm carbohydrate metabolism yog ua tau.
6. Cev xeeb tub (hauv ntau kis).

Cov tshuaj antihypertensive

Tawg ua ke nrog ntshav qab zib ua ib qho sib xyaw ua ke - qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres, hlab ntsha tawg, dig muag thiab lwm yam kev phom sij ntau ntxiv. Txhawm rau txo qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm lawv txoj kev txhim kho, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau raug yuam ua tib zoo saib xyuas lawv lub siab ntau dua li lwm tus.

Antihypertensive pawg:

1. Cov calcium calcium blockers.
2. ACE inhibitors.
3. Kev tshuaj ntsuab.
4. Beta blockers.
5. Angiotensin-II receptor blockers.

Feem ntau, muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, ACE inhibitors yog tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg.Pawg no suav nrog:

Lawv yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj uas pab txo qis lipoproteins thiab cov ntshav roj ua kom qis. Muaj ntau ntau tiam neeg ntawm statins:

1. Lovastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin.
2. Fluvastatin
3. Atorvastatin.
4. Pitavastatin, Rosuvastatin.

Tshuaj, cov tshuaj nquag ntawm uas yog atorvastatin:

Raws li rosuvastatin:

Qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm statins:

• Cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
• Txhim kho qhov mob ntawm lub puab sab hauv cov hlab ntshav.
• Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob ischemic muaj teeb meem, myocardial infarction, mob stroke thiab tuag vim lawv tau txo.

Alpha Lipoic (Thioctic) Acid

Nws yog cov neeg ua haujlwm metabolic thiab ib qho antioxidant endogenous. Nws siv los tswj cov lipid thiab carbohydrate metabolism, txhawb cov metabolism hauv roj. Cov tshuaj pab ua rau txo qis rau cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, nce glycogen hauv daim siab thiab kov yeej cov tshuaj insulin.

Tshuaj raws nws nws muaj cov kev xav zoo hauv qab no:

1. Hepatoprotective.
2. Kev Hypolipidemic.
3. Hypocholesterolemic.
4. Kev mob siab.
5. Puag ntawm neurons txhim kho.

Thioctic acid-based tshuaj muaj nyob hauv kev sib txawv thiab cov ntawv tso tawm. Qee cov npe lag luam:

Tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib noj cov tshuaj no rau polyneuropathy - poob ntawm qhov tsis hnov ​​mob vim yog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntaws, feem ntau hauv ob txhais ceg.

Neuroprotectors

Neuroprotectors yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau pawg ntawm cov tshuaj uas lawv lub hom phiaj yog tiv thaiv lub hlwb neurons los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, lawv tseem muaj peev xwm muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov metabolism, txhim kho lub zog muab ntawm cov hlab ntsha hlwb thiab tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev ua txhoj puab.

1. Kev Nootropics.
2. Antioxidants.
3. Adaptogens.
4. Cov khoom hloov ntawm cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm.

Cov tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg no yog siv los ntawm cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, uas yog leej twg muaj ntshav qab zib lossis hypoglycemic encephalopathy raug kuaj pom. Cov kab mob tshwm sim vim cov khoom noj hauv lub cev thiab cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo vim cov ntshav qab zib.

Ntshav Qab Zib Hom 2 yog dabtsi

Ntshav qab zib Hom 2 yog tus kab mob endocrine nyob rau hauv uas ua txhaum ntawm kev nkag siab mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm insulin tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Cov khoom lag luam siab ntawm pancreatic β-cov hlwb provoked los ntawm tus kab mob depletes cov peev txheej ntawm cov hlwb, kev tsim tawm insulin pib poob qis, uas ua rau qhov xav tau ntawm nws cov kev txhaj tshuaj. Tus kab mob feem ntau pib tom qab 40 xyoo. Qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob ntawm lub cev thiab tsis yog nyob ntawm kev mob caj ces. Cov neeg mob feem ntau muaj qhov ua kom lub cev nyhav ntau ntxiv.

Ntshav qab zib yog hais txog cov hom kabmob ntawm kev kho mob uas kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau ntawm qhov pib ntawm tus kabmob tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob, kev tsim nyog ua ntej yog kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm tus neeg mob txoj kev ua neej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog kev tsis lees txais cov cwj pwm tsis zoo. Kev noj ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj glycemic siab (muaj peev xwm nce cov ntshav qab zib) yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg. Txoj kev kho cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau rau cov txiv neej, poj niam, menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus yog kwv yees li qub.

Nws raug nquahu kom txo qib ntawm cov rog lub cev, cov tsiaj txhu carbohydrates yooj yim hauv koj cov zaub mov noj. Noj mov yuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab ntu me. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib lub tswv yim ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob thaum nruab hnub thiab, nyob ntawm qhov no, npaj cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm cov zaub mov. Nrog rau kev ua neej nyob rau sedentary, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ib lub tais ntawm cov kua zaub thiab cov lauj kaub ntawm cov qos yaj ywm nrog nqaij, ntxuav nrog tshuaj yej qab zib. Cov tshuaj kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob raug saib xyuas yog tias kho. Qhia kev qoj ib ce ua si dhia lossis da dej.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho

Kev kho mob pib nrog kev siv ntawm ib qho yeeb tshuaj thiab maj mam hloov mus rau ntau yam, thiab tom qab ntawd, yog tias tsim nyog, yuav insulin. Txoj kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog tsim los tsoo tus kabmob los ntawm ntau cov lus qhia:

1. Txoj kev kho yuav tsum txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin, ua rau muaj kev them nyiaj rau ntshav qab zib.
2. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom ua tiav ntawm poob hauv cov degree ntawm insulin tsis kam ntawm lub cev nqaij.
3. Txhawm rau kom qeeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov piam thaj thiab nws txoj kev nqus tawm ntawm txoj hnyuv mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
4. Txhawm rau coj mus rau qhov qub ib feem ntawm cov lipids hauv cov ntshav (dyslipidemia).

Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yam tsis tau siv tshuaj kho

Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tuam txhab tshuaj los txhawb nqa qhov kev pom tias cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj insulin thiab noj cov tshuaj qab zib rau lawv lub neej tag nrho. Tab sis cov insulin thiab "chemistry" muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim. Yog li, kev kho mob tsis siv tshuaj ntau zuj zus. Muaj ob peb txoj kev siv tshuaj uas tsis muaj tshuaj yeeb yog cov paub:

1. Hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov kom tsis tshua muaj carb thiab ua kom muaj zog ntau zaus ntawm kev noj mov.
2. Cov tshuaj ntsuab qhia siv tshuaj ntsuab, tsom mus rau nqa cov nroj tsuag thiab cov hauv paus hniav mus rau qhov ntau tau nyob hauv kev noj haus, uas txo cov ntshav qab zib.
3. Kev Siv Tshuaj Tua Tsiaj Kev tswj hwm kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin, txhim kho cov ntshav suav.
4. Kev tawm dag zog yuav pab hlawv cov ntshav qabzib.

Kev tawm dag zog lub cev

Kev siv ntau yam los ntawm lub cev (teeb, hluav taws xob, tshav kub, thiab lwm yam) tau ua pov thawj kho mob. Cov hau kev hauv qab no yog xyaum:

1. Electrophoresis Los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov tshuaj tau muab qhia rau hauv lub cev uas muaj cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo rau hauv lub cev. Cov ntshav qab zib tau muab cov tshuaj electrophoresis nrog magnesium.
2. Hlau nplaum kho. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, qhov chaw sib nqus tau thov rau lub caj pas txiav.
3. Oxygenation. Cov hau kev yog los txhaj pa oxygen hauv chav tshwj xeeb. Zoo rau hypoxia hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
4. Plasmapheresis Nws yog cov ntshav huv. Qhia rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib nrog lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, septic intoxication.
5. Kev Kho Mob Ozone Thaum kho, cov kab mob permeability ntawm cov qe rau cov piam thaj nce ntxiv, cov ntshav qab zib tsawg dua.

Kev tawm dag zog lub cev

Kev tawm dag zog lub cev tso cai rau koj hlawv cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, txo qhov hnyav hauv lub cev, nce ntshav mus rau cov leeg. Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, tus kws kho mob yuav qhia kom tawm dag zog:

1. Taug kev hauv qhov chaw: tsa koj lub hauv caug siab, taug kev hauv qhov chaw li 2-4 feeb.
2. Cov kauj ruam: sawv ntsug ncaj, caj npab hauv qab. Tom qab ntawd nqis rov qab nrog koj sab lauj taw, thaum tsa koj txhais tes thiab nqus tau tib lub sijhawm. Tom qab tshuab pa tawm, txo koj ob txhais tes, coj ib qho chaw sawv ntsug.
3. Inclination: sawv ntsug ncaj, tig thib kov koj cov ntiv taw.

Cov tshuaj kho neeg mob

Tus kab mob ntshav qab zib tau paub txij li lub sijhawm puag thaum ub thiab tshuaj ntsuab tau tsim ntau txoj hauv kev thiab zaub mov txawv los tiv thaiv tus kabmob. Cov kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2:

1. Nettle: ncuav freshly tos nplooj nrog dej npau thiab tawm rau 8 teev, lim thiab haus ib hlis twg khob, peb zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov.
2. Horsetail: los sau cov qia, ncuav dej npau npau thiab ua noj rau 5 feeb. Txheeb rau ob teev. Siv ib nrab ib khob ob zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov.
3. Dandelion hauv paus: brew ob dia ntawm cov hauv paus hniav qhuav nrog 0.5 liv ntawm cov dej npau thiab tawm mus rau 4 teev. Siv ib nrab ib khob ua ntej noj mov, ob zaug ib hnub. Kev kho mob ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus nrog pej xeem tshuaj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.

Kev kho mob ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus nrog tshuaj kho mob

Tus kws kho mob yuav pab koj nrhiav cov tshuaj muaj ntshav qab zib kom kho tau tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 raws li kev mob nyav thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob. Cov pab pawg nrov npe yog:

1. Kev npaj Sulfonylurea - Glimepiride, Chlorpropamide. Lawv txhawb lub tso pa tawm ntawm pancreatic hormone, txo qhov tsis kam ntawm peripheral cov ntaub so ntswg rau insulin.
2. Biguanides - Metformin, nce qhov rhiab heev ntawm daim siab thiab nqaij rau insulin, uas ua rau kom poob phaus, txhim kho kev rog rog.
3. Derivatives of thiazolidinedione - Troglitazone, Rosiglitazone. Lawv nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm insulin receptors, txo qis dua cov piam thaj.
4. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - Acarbose, Miglitol, cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nqus ntawm carbohydrates hauv txoj hnyuv plab, txo hyperglycemia.
5. Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors - Sitagliptin, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv ntawm cov neeg mob hlwb.

Ib qho tshuaj hypoglycemic qhov ncauj yog vipidia, uas txhim kho ntshav plasma metabolic tswj ntawm glycemia. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem siv hauv monotherapy lossis nrog lwm txoj kev, suav nrog insulin. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo rau kev siv Vipidia yog qhov pom kev txo qis rau alogliptin, ketoacidosis, mob siab thiab lub raum mob, cev xeeb tub, thiab kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo. Kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj yog 25 mg ib hnub ib zaug, tsis hais txog kev noj zaub mov.

Kev siv tshuaj ntxiv rau cov roj ntsha (BAA) siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 suav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob Diapil. Nws yog tshuaj txhawm rau txo cov ntshav qab zib, ua kom lub cev metabolism ntawm carbohydrates thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm ntshav qab zib. Cov tshuaj sib xyaw nrog kev noj haus muaj xws li ib qho kev tawm ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab andrographis, uas muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tonic ua hauj lwm. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob noj Diapil, cov tshuaj txo cov xav tau tshuaj insulin.

Kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau hom ntshav qab zib hom 2

Cov tshuaj noj rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 suav nrog cov tshuaj siv tshuaj zoo raws li cov tshuaj metformin:

1. Cov tshuaj Glucophage - lub tshuaj qub ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev, coj thaum hmo ntuj, siv tau tom qab 10 teev. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev ua kom tsawg yog qis dua cov piam thaj ntawm lub plab khoob thaum sawv ntxov.
2. Siofor - ib qho pheej yig ntawm Glucofage, tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib hom 2. Siv tshuaj metformin 1-2 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub ob zaug. Cov tshuaj siv tau zoo nyob hauv ib nrab ib teev. Ua kom nce lub koob tshuaj yog nqa tawm los zuj zus kom tus mob acidosis tsis txhim kho.

Tshiab Hauv Cov Ntshav Qab Zib Hom 2

Txog rau hnub no, kws tshawb fawb thiab kws kho mob tau tsim lossis tab tom tshawb fawb los nrhiav cov hauv kev tshiab los kho tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2:

1. Tsawg-carb khoom noj khoom haus ua ke nrog kev tawm dag zog feem ntau ua haujlwm zoo dua li cov ntsiav tshuaj.
2. Pawg tshuaj uas tshem cov piam thaj ntau dhau hauv lub raum.
3. Txhaj los ntawm qia hlwb tau txais los ntawm txoj hlab ntaws ntawm cov menyuam mos.

Txhawm rau tswj ntshav qab zib, koj yuav tsum ua raws qee yam khoom noj. Nws yog raws li qhov muab xam ntawm glycemic index (GI). Cov zaub mov uas muaj zaub mov qib qis tau txais hauv cov zaub mov uas yuav luag tsis muaj kev txwv, nrog siab - yog txwv tsis pub tshaj. Daim ntawv teev cov zaub mov raug txwv thiab cov khoom noj raug txwv:

Qij, dos, txiv lws suav, txhua yam zaub pob, dib, ntsuab taum, turnips

Qab zib kaus poom pob kws, beets, qos yaj ywm, taub dag

Apricots, txiv kab ntxwv qaub, plums, txiv apples,

Melon, Txiv Tsawb, Pineapples

Barley, taum mog, lentils, pob kws, bulgur, oatmeal, buckwheat

Semolina, granola, zaub txhuv sai

Fructose, tsaus chocolate,

Raisins, mis nyuj chocolate, tuav, qab zib, waffles

Cov nceb, mov nplej, qhob cij, spaghetti ntuj

Buns, biscuit, pasta, ncuav qab zib, qhob cij qhob cij, hmoov nplej, dumplings, cov kua txob, cov txuj lom

Cheese, mis nyuj skim, cov tsiaj rog

Cov roj ua rog liab, hnyuv ntxwm, rog ntsev qab ntsev, nqaij rog

Qab zib haus dej haus, npias, cawv, kvass

Cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau Diabetesics

Thaum cov zaub mov uas muaj cov carbohydrates yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, lawv tam sim ntawd hloov mus rau hauv qab zib. Nrog ntshav qab zib, qabzib yog tsim, uas yog qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub txiav. Yog tias cov carbohydrates ua si (fiber, hmoov txhuv nplej siab, pectins) siv, ces kev nqus tau qeeb, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kua nplaum, ib tug neeg nyob qis dua.

Kev noj haus fiber ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev noj haus ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib vim nws txo qis cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav. Thaum noj mov, koj yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai ntawm 25-40 g ntawm fiber ntau txhua hnub, qhov kev nqus yuav tsum maj mam kom lub cev thiaj li ua tiav cov zaub mov tiav thiab tsis tshaj cov hnyuv. Soluble fiber txo cov roj cholesterol, maj mam txo qis ntawm kev zom cov piam thaj, thiab ua haujlwm raws li lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob vascular pathologies. Hom insoluble muaj pes tsawg qhov calories, txo cov ntshav siab thiab cov ntsiab lus homocysteine.

Carbohydrates rau hom ntshav qab zib 2

Kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav tsum suav nrog carbohydrates, vim hais tias lub cev tau txais lub zog los ntawm lawv, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco qab tias lawv sib txawv. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj rau cov ntshav qab zib tau suav hais tias yog cov nyom - fiber, kev noj haus fiber ntau, thiab muaj kev phom sij - yooj yim, uas tam sim ntawd ua rau "dhia" hauv qabzib. Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum ua raws li cov zaub mov muaj protein tsawg, uas tsis ua rau kom muaj qab zib, txo qhov uas yuav muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus mob ntshav qab zib hom thib ob los ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob ntshav qab zib insulin, lossis tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tag nrho, cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qab no tau siv:

• coj kev txhim kho kev noj haus,
• lo rau cov zaub mov uas tsis muaj carbohydrate tsawg, haus cov vitamins,
• qoj ib ce
• kuaj ib xyoos ib zaug nrog ib tug predisposition rau tus kab mob,
• txiav kev haus luam yeeb, haus dej haus cawv,
• tswj lub cev hnyav, tiv thaiv kev rog.

Tshuaj uas txhim kho insulin ua tau yooj yim

Thiazolidinediones tau pib siv los ua cov neeg sawv cev uas txo qis hyperglycemia, ntau tsis ntev los no. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib no tsis cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb beta; tab sis qhov tsis tooj, lawv txhim kho qhov rhiab ntawm peripheral cov ntaub so ntswg rau insulin. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thiazolidinediones txo cov piam thaj thiab tseem muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lipid concentration.

Feem ntau, cov tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg no muaj peev xwm txo cov suab thaj kom txaus li 0.5-2%, yog li lawv feem ntau coj los ua ke nrog metformin, insulin txhaj tshuaj lossis sulfonylurea derivatives. Piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj uas yog rau chav kawm ntawm thiazolidinediones yog Pioglar, Actos thiab Diaglitazone. Qhov zoo ntawm lawv txoj kev siv yog qhov tsawg tsawg ntawm kev poob sai hauv cov piam thaj hauv qab no. Cov tshuaj kho ntshav qab zib no yog suav tias yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj insulin.

Biguanides yog sawv cev los ntawm tus sawv cev nkaus xwb - metformin, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm pawg neeg no. Kev xyaum khomob tau pib siv cov tshuaj tom qab xyoo 1994. Los ntawm 2017, nws yog biguanides uas tau dhau los ua npe nrov tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Metformin inhibits cov txheej txheem ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm lub siab thiab nws nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws txhim kho qhov rhiab ntawm peripheral cov ntaub so ntswg rau insulin. Kev ua lag luam pharmacological ntawm Russia muaj ntau cov ntsiav tshuaj rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 uas muaj cov tshuaj ua kom nquag plias - metformin hydrochloride. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrov yog Metformin, Siofor, Glucofage thiab lwm yam.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no, muaj qhov pheej hmoo qis ntawm lub xeev kev mob ntshav qab zib, kev tiv thaiv ntawm atherosclerosis, poob phaus thiab muaj peev xwm coj los ua ke nrog kev siv tshuaj insulin thiab lwm yam tshuaj muaj suab thaj.

Ntawm qhov tsis zoo sab ntawm kev siv metformin, peb yam tseem ceeb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv.

1. Kev mob plab zom mov thaum pib ntawm kev kho mob cuam tshuam nrog lub cev kev quav rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim yog xeev siab thiab ntuav, raws plab, tsis qab los noj mov, flatulence.
2. Qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm lactic acidosis.
3. Kev kho mob ntev ntev txo lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamin B 12 hauv lub cev.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj metformin rau cov kab mob ntawm lub siab, mob ua pa, lub raum lossis lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm.

Cov tshuaj tshiab

Txij xyoo 2006, hauv kev kho mob, lawv pib siv cov tshuaj tshiab hu ua "DPP-4 inhibitors." Lawv tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin los ntawm beta hlwb.Lawv qhov kev txiav txim siab txhawm rau tiv thaiv glucan-zoo li polypeptide ntawm thawj hom (GLP-1), kev tsim tawm ntawm cov uas tshwm sim hauv txoj hnyuv, los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm enzyme DPP-4. Lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj hauv pawg no los ntawm lub npe ntawm cov enzyme.

GLP-1 ua kom zoo dua rau tus txiav, nce ntxiv qhov uas cov tshuaj insulin pib tsim ua ntau dua. GLP-1 kuj tseem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm glucagon, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub suab thaj txo cov tshuaj hormones.

Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv DPP-4 inhibitors yog:

• Lub impossibility ntawm hypoglycemia raws li cov tshuaj xaus nws qhov kev txiav txim tom qab normalizing cov piam thaj.
• Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nce lub cev hnyav vim tias kev noj tshuaj yog kev cais tawm.
• Lawv tuaj yeem siv hauv cov khoom siv sib xyaws nrog yuav luag txhua txoj kev, ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj agonists ntawm GLP-1 receptors thiab insulin.

Ntawm cov kev coj tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem mob siab rau lub plab zom mov, uas feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob plab thiab xeev siab. Xws li cov tshuaj ntshav qab zib tsis pom zoo rau siv hauv kev ua txhaum daim siab lossis lub raum. Pawg tshuaj no tau muab faib ua: saxagliptin (Onglisa), vildagliptin (Galvus), sitagliptin (Onglisa).

GLP-1 receptor agonists yog cov tshuaj hormones uas tsim kho lub cev ua cov kua dej qab zib thiab kho cov islet puas lawm. Tsis tas li, cov tshuaj no txo ​​cov rog hauv cov neeg rog dhau. Cov tshuaj no tsis yog tsim hauv cov tshuaj, lawv tuaj yeem yuav tau tsuas yog hauv cov qauv ntawm ampoules rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Tus sawv cev ntawm pawg yog qhov tshuaj tshiab Viktoza, ntxiv rau Baeta.

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov piam thaj ntawm carbohydrates. Cov tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg no yog siv thaum tus neeg mob muaj qhov taub ntxiv tom qab noj mov. Cov peev nyiaj no tuaj yeem ua ke nrog txhua cov tshuaj txo suab thaj. Qhov tsuas rho tawm ntawm alpha-glucosidase inhibitors yog tias lawv txoj kev siv raug txwv tsis pub siv hauv plab hnyuv pathologies.

Feem ntau cov kev phiv tshuaj tom qab siv cov tshuaj yog teeb meem kev zom zaub mov - muaj roj ntau ntxiv hauv cov hnyuv thiab raws plab. Nrog metformin, cov tshuaj no zoo dua tsis siv, vim nws kuj cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub plab zom mov. Cov sawv cev ntawm pab pawg no yog Diastabol thiab Glucobay.

Cov tshuaj stimulants

Tib neeg tau paub txog sulfonylurea derivatives rau lub sijhawm ntev, tab sis siv nws tsuas yog kho cov mob sib kis. Lawv cov txiaj ntsig hypoglycemic tau tshwm sim tsis pom thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II.

Cov tshuaj ntshav qab zib no cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qe ntshav pom nyob rau hauv kev txiav, txiav cov tshuaj hormones. Sulfonylurea derivatives rov qab tsim cov tshuaj insulin thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv ntawm cov cell receptors rau insulin.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyiaj no ua rau cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis xws li:

• hypoglycemia xeev
• beta cell depletion,
• hnyav.

Kev tswj tsis tu ncua ntawm tus txiav ua rau qhov tseeb tias hom thib ob ntawm pathology kis mus rau hauv thawj. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txhawm rau tswj cov piam thaj tsis pub dhau ib qho kev txwv ib txwm muaj, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj hormone tsis tu ncua. Derivatives ntawm sulfonylureas tau muab faib ua ob peb chav kawm:

1. Glyclazide - Diabeton MV thiab Glidiab MV.
2. Glimepiride - Glemaz thiab Amaril.
3. Glycvidon - Glurenorm.
4. Glibenclamide (Maninyl).

Cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg meglitinide kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom qab zib-txo cov tshuaj hormones. Lawv raug pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib nyob rau hauv uas cov ntshav qab zib kom cov concentration nce ntxiv tom qab noj mov. Pab pawg no suav nrog ob chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj - nateglinide (Starlix) thiab repaglinide (Novonorm).

Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem suav tias lawv tsis cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav thiab kev coj ua tsis ua rau lub xeev ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsis zoo.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj hauv cov pab pawg no ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj los cuam tshuam nrog txoj hnyuv thiab cov hlab ntsha hlwb, o ntawm lub plab ua pa.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yog tus nqi siab heev, tsis yog lub zog tsis tseem ceeb thiab rov qab siv thaum nruab hnub.

Kev kho thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov kev tsis kam

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm ntshav qab zib yog nquag mus rau chav dej thiab nqhis dej tas li. Ob qhov cim tseem ceeb no yuav qhia tau qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm theem ntawm glycemia. Yog tias ib tus neeg ceeb toom cov tsos mob li no hauv nws tus kheej, nws yuav tsum ntsib tus kws kho kom zoo rau yav tom ntej.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov muaj kev tuag siab ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog txuam nrog kev mob kom sai thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Thaum lub sijhawm teem sijhawm nrog tus kws khomob tshwj xeeb, tus neeg mob yuav tsum qhia txhua yam txog txhua tus tsos mob uas ua rau nws txhawj xeeb. Tom qab kev sib tham, tus kws kho mob sau ntawv yuav kuaj ntshav qab zib.

Muaj ntau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas uas tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab txog qib qab zib, tab sis qhov yooj yim thiab ceev tshaj plaws yog kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov ntiv tes los yog ntawm cov leeg ntshav. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tau siab tshaj 5.5 mmol / L (ntshav capillary) thiab 6.1 mmol / L (mob ntshav), qhov no yuav qhia tias yog ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab hom mob, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau nqa tawm rau C-peptides thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm GAD tiv thaiv kab mob.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob tau kuaj pom tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, nws tab tom tsim kho cov txheej txheem kev kho mob tshwj xeeb uas muaj plaub feem loj:

• tsis tu ncua glycemic tswj,
• cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb
• tsiv neej
• noj tshuaj.

Tsuas yog ua raws li tag nrho cov cai no koj tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov piam thaj hauv ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hnyav. Tus cwj pwm tsis saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kev txhim kho ntawm:

1. Mob raum tsis ua haujlwm.
2. Mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy - qhov muag pom tsis zoo uas yog los ntawm cov leeg nqaij o.
3. Mob ntshav qab zib neuropathy yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub paj hlwb.
4. Qaug taw ntawm qhov qis hauv qab. Hauv qhov no, txhais ceg txiav yuav tsim nyog rau ntshav qab zib.
5. Glycemic coma.
6. Myocardial infarction lossis mob stroke.

Koj yuav tsum tau kho ntshav qab zib kom ncav sijhawm. Tus kabmob no tsis yog kab lus, ib tiam dhau los, ua tsaug rau kev siv thev naus laus zis tshiab, tib neeg nyob nrog nws muaj txhij.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog tsis pub tso tseg. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub tsis sawv tseem: txhua hnub, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom tsim kho cov tshuaj tshiab uas muaj tsawg dua qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab muaj cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.

Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum siv cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov tshuaj noj thiab cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov piam thaj yuav tswj tau nyob ntawm qhov qub. Daim vis dis aus hauv tsab xov xwm no hais txog kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.