Cov koog muaj ntau cov kabmob ntshav qab zib hom 2
Chav nyob qhob cij yog ntsuas ua kom pom tseeb tsim los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus. Nws yog siv los suav cov khoom noj cov khoom noj uas muaj carbohydrate. Xws li lub laij lej tau qhia txij thaum pib ntawm xyoo pua 20th los ntawm tus kws ntsuas zaub mov German Karl Noorden.
Ib chav ua mov ci yog sib npaug rau ib daim khob cij ib nti ntev, muab faib ua ib nrab. Qhov no yog 12 grams ntawm cov khoom noj zom tau yooj yim (los yog ib diav piam thaj). Thaum siv ib qho XE, qib ntawm glycemia hauv cov ntshav nce siab los ntawm ob mmol / L. Rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm 1 XE, 1 txog 4 units ntawm cov kua dej yog siv. Txhua yam nws yog nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab sijhawm ntawm ib hnub.
Chav nyob qhob cij yog kwv yees nyob rau hauv kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kev noj zaub mov carbohydrate. Kev noj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj insulin yog xaiv cov nyiaj noj rau hauv XE noj.
Nov yog chav ntsuas tseem ceeb uas tau siv los laij cov khoom noj uas muaj cov carbohydrates uas tus neeg mob noj txhua hnub. Nws feem ntau lees txais tias 1 chav ua mov ci (XE) sib raug rau 12 g ntawm carbohydrates.
Qee zaum, tsis txhob hais cov lus “chav nyob qhob cij”, cov kws kho mob siv lo lus “chav nyob ua noj”. Vim tias muaj ib lub rooj tshwj xeeb hauv qhov uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tseeb ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv ib qhov nyiaj ntawm txhua cov khoom, nws muaj peev xwm tsis yog los xam cov khoom noj tsim nyog, tab sis kuj tseem hloov qee yam khoom nrog lwm tus.
Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov khoom uas suav nrog hauv 1 pawg thaum hloov chaw.
Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov lej ntawm lub khob cij tuaj yeem ntsuas nrog siv txhais tau tias siv: rab diav, khob. Qee zaum cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem ntsuas hauv qhov tawg lossis ntau daim. Tab sis xws li kev xam tsis txaus. Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khob cij qhob cij hauv cov khoom lag luam. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov nyiaj ntawm XE yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov koob tshuaj insulin.
Nws tsis zoo siab rau cov neeg mob noj ntau dua 7 XE rau 1 pluas noj. Tab sis cov koob tshuaj insulin thiab cov khob ntawm cov khob cij xav tau ib hnub yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom.
Nws yuav teem sijhawm raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm koj lub cev. Nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab tias tsis yog txhua yam khoom xav tau kev suav zoo ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrates.
Pab pawg no suav nrog cov zaub feem ntau. Qhov tseeb no vim yog qhov tseeb tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom hauv cov khoom lag luam yog tsawg dua 5 g.
Chav tsev no hu ua mov ci vim nws ntsuas los ntawm qee qhov ntim ntawm lub ncuav. 1 XE muaj 10-12 g ntawm carbohydrates.
Nws yog 10-12 g ntawm carbohydrates muaj nyob hauv ib nrab ntawm ib daim khob cij txiav mus rau hauv qhov dav 1 cm los ntawm tus qauv loaf. Yog tias koj pib siv cov khob cij qhob cij, tom qab ntawd kuv qhia koj kom txiav txim siab cov khoom noj hauv carbohydrates: 10 lossis 12 grams.
Kuv coj 10 grams hauv 1 XE, nws zoo li rau kuv, nws yooj yim suav. Yog li, ib qho khoom lag luam muaj cov carbohydrates tuaj yeem ntsuas hauv cov khob cij.
Piv txwv li, 15 g ntawm ib cereal yog 1 XE, lossis 100 g ntawm kua kuj yog 1 XE.
100 g ntawm cov khoom - 51.9 g ntawm carbohydrates
X gr khoom - 10 g ntawm carbohydrates (i.e. 1 XE)
Nws hloov tawm tias (100 * 10) / 51.9 = 19.2, uas yog, 10,2 gram ntawm cov khob cij muaj nyob hauv 19,2 g. carbohydrates lossis 1 XE. Kuv twb tau siv coj txoj hauv kev no: Kuv faib 1000 los ntawm qhov ntau ntawm carbohydrates ntawm cov khoom no hauv 100 g, thiab nws hloov tawm ntau npaum li koj xav tau coj cov khoom kom nws muaj 1 XE.
Muaj twb tau npaj ntau lub rooj, uas qhia tus nqi ntawm cov zaub mov nyob hauv ib rab diav, tsom iav, tej daim, thiab lwm yam, muaj 1 tus XE. Tab sis cov nuj nqis no tsis muaj tseeb, qhia tau.
Yog li no, kuv suav pes tsawg lub khoom rau txhua yam khoom. Kuv yuav suav koj xav tau ntau npaum li cas koj thiaj nqa tau cov khoom, thiab nws hnyav rau ntawm kev ua zaub mov noj.
Kuv yuav tsum tau muab rau tus menyuam 0.5 XE txiv av txiv ntoo, piv txwv li, kuv ntsuas ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 50 g. Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov ntxhuav li ntawd, tab sis kuv nyiam qhov no, thiab kuv xav kom koj rub nws ntawm no.
Chav Nyob Khob Cij Suav Qhov Rooj (XE)
1 CHAV NYOB TEB CHAWS = 10-12 g ntawm carbohydrates
COV NTAUB NTAWV COJ
1 XE = tus nqi ntawm cov khoom hauv ml
1 khob
Mis
1 khob
Kefir
1 khob
Cov tshuaj nplaum
250
Yogurt ntuj
BAKERY cov khoom
1 XE = tus nqi ntawm cov khoom hauv grams
1 daim
Cov khob cij dawb
1 daim
Rye qhob cij
Crackers (ncuav qab zib qhuav)
15 Pcs.
Cov ntsev uas quav
Neeg tawg
1 tablespoon
Cov qhob cij
PASTA
1 XE = tus nqi ntawm cov khoom hauv grams
1-2 dia
Vermicelli, mij, horns, pasta *
* Raw. Hauv daim foos 1 XE = 2-4 tbsp. dia cov khoom (50 g) nyob ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom.
Krupy, pob kws, hmoov nplej
1 XE = tus nqi ntawm cov khoom hauv grams
1 tbsp. l
Pob tawb *
1/2 pob ntseg
Pob kws
3 tbsp. l
Pob kws (cov kaus poom.)
2 tbsp. l
Pob kws flakes
10 tbsp. l
Paj Kws
1 tbsp. l
Manna *
1 tbsp. l
Hmoov nplej (muaj)
1 tbsp. l
Oatmeal *
1 tbsp. l
Oatmeal *
1 tbsp. l
Barley *
1 tbsp. l
Zeb *
1 tbsp. l
* 1 tbsp. ib rab diav ntawm zaub mov nyoos. Hauv daim foos 1 XE = 2 tbsp. dia khoom (50 g).
QUB ZIB
1 XE = tus nqi ntawm cov khoom hauv grams
1 lub qe loj loj
Hau qos yaj ywm
2 diav
Mashed qos yaj ywm
2 diav
Kib qos
2 diav
Qos yaj ywm qhuav (tej daim)
Berries thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv kev noj haus
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv ntoo feem ntau muaj qee qhov ua kom muaj cov roj carbohydrates, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias lawv tsis tas yuav suav cov khoom noj lossis ntau hauv ntau. Ib lub khob cij ua kom haum rau 3-4 apricots lossis plums, ib daim ntawm cov txiv cev lossis txiv ntseej, ib nrab ntawm txiv tsawb lossis txiv kab ntxwv.
Kua, pear, txiv kab ntxwv, txiv duaj, persimmon - 1 daim ntawm txhua cov txiv ntoo ntawd muaj 1 chav tsev carbohydrate. Feem ntau cov XE yog pom hauv cov txiv hmab.
Ib lub khob cij sib npaug sib luag 5 lub txiv ntoo loj.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo tshaj plaws ntsuas tsis nyob hauv daim tab sis iav. Yog li rau 200 g ntawm cov khoom muaj 1 chav tsev qhob cij. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsis tsuas yog cov khoom tshiab, tab sis kuj txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav muaj cov khoom xyaw carbohydrate. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav ua noj, ntsuas lawv thiab suav tus nqi XE muaj.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj rau hauv ntau yam thiab nyob ntawm qhov no tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si qab zib thiab qaub. Tab sis los ntawm yuav ua li cas saj ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv, nws cov nqi carbohydrate tsis hloov.
Qaub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ntau dua carbohydrates, uas yog nqus tau qeeb.
Los ntawm ib cov txiv ntoo nyob hauv ib tus neeg cov ntshav qab zib yuav pib nce, nws tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm ntau zaus.
Qhov tseeb tias mob ntshav qab zib yog tus neeg mob cov zaub mov noj kom ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, ntau tus paub. Tseeb, kev tswj kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov carbohydrates nrog cov zaub mov ua tau zoo heev rau kev xaiv ntawm cov koob tshuaj insulin txoj cai.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyuaj heev los xam tus nqi uas yuav tsum tau ntawm qee yam khoom siv txhua hnub, rau ntau xyoo, thiab txhua yam uas nyuaj yog feem ntau tsis quav ntsej los ntawm tib neeg. Yog li no, lub tswvyim ntawm "chav ua mov ci" tau qhia, uas yooj yim rau kev muab xam ntawm khoom noj khoom haus rau ntau lab tus tib neeg kev txom nyem los ntawm ib daim ntawv lossis lwm cov ntshav qab zib.
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Chav ua khob cij (XE) yog ib qho kev ntsuas cov carbohydrates hauv zaub mov. Ib lub khob cij muaj sib npaug zos rau kaum ob grams qab zib, lossis nees nkaum tsib grams ntawm khob cij qhob cij. Ib qhov nqi ntawm cov tshuaj insulin raug siv rau kev faib ib qho khob cij, qhov nruab nrab sib npaug rau ob tog kev ua thaum sawv ntxov, ib qho thiab ib nrab nyob rau thaum nruab hnub, thiab ib chav nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntshav qab zib hom 2
Ib hom ntshav qab zib tshwj xeeb yog qhov ib txwm tshwm sim hauv qis (tsawg los yog ntau) ntawm cov kua dej los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov endocrine system. Tus kab mob ntawm hom ob yog tsis cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj hormones hauv lub cev, zoo li hauv thawj. Cov ntaub so ntswg hauv cov ntshav qab zib laus tau tawm tsam (insensitive) rau cov tshuaj insulin thaum lub sijhawm thiab vim ntau yam.
Qhov tseem ceeb ua rau cov tshuaj hormones tsim tawm los ntawm cov txiav ua haujlwm yog pab txhawm rau txhawm rau nqus cov kua nplaum los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg (nqaij, rog, rog). Ntawm hom 2 Ntshav Qab Zib, muaj insulin hauv lub cev, tab sis cov hlwb tsis pom nws lawm. Tsis siv piam thaj nyob hauv cov ntshav, hyperglycemia syndrome tshwm sim (ntshav qab zib cov ntshav siab dhau qib tau siv). Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj insulin tsis kam loj hlob qeeb hauv cov neeg mob hnub nyoog, los ntawm ntau lub lis piam mus rau lub hlis thiab txawm xyoo.
Feem ntau, tus kab mob yog kuaj tau nrog kev soj ntsuam ib txwm muaj. Tus kab mob ntshav qab zib tsis paub xyov yuav mus ntsib kws kho mob li cas txog:
- dheev nqaij tawm pob, khaus,
- kev tsis pom kev, cataracts,
- angiopathy (kab mob viav vias),
- neuropathies (kev nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj hlab leeg),
- raum tsis ua hauj lwm, impotence.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tee ntawm cov zis ziab sawv cev rau cov kua nplaum tov tawm ntawm qhov chaw dawb ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Kwv yees li 90% ntawm cov neeg mob, raws li txoj cai, muaj lub cev nyhav dhau ntawm tus qauv. Hauv kev rov tham txog, nws tuaj yeem tsim tau tias tus mob ntshav qab zib tau muaj kev txhim kho mob plab hnyuv tuaj hauv lub sijhawm yug menyuam. Kev noj zaub mov thaum ntxov nrog lub mis sib xyaw ua ke txhawb qhov tsis xws luag hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj endogenous (sab hauv) tus kheej. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo, yog tias ua tau, los muab niam mis rau menyuam noj.
Hauv cov xwm txheej niaj hnub, kev txhim kho hauv kev lag luam yog los ntawm kev nyiam rau txoj kev ua neej nyob sedentary. Kev kho cov noob keeb kwm txuas mus ntxiv mus rau lub zog, uas ua rau txoj kev txhim kho kev rog, rog thiab ntshav qab zib. Qhov pib ua haujlwm ntawm glycemia qhia tau hais tias los ntawm nws lub sijhawm twb 50% ntawm tshwj xeeb hlwb pancreatic tau ploj lawv cov haujlwm kev ua haujlwm.
Lub sijhawm ntawm asymptomatic theem ntawm ntshav qab zib tau txiav txim siab los ntawm endocrinologist yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Tus neeg twb mob lawm, tab sis tsis tau txais kev kho mob txaus. Muaj qhov siab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem plawv plawv. Ib qho kab mob uas tau kuaj pom thaum ntxov yuav kho tau yam tsis muaj tshuaj kho. Muaj qhov kev noj haus tshwj xeeb zoo, tawm dag zog thiab tshuaj ntsuab.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev noj zaub mov ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib siv XE
Ib tug neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas tau txais tshuaj insulin yuav tsum nkag siab txog “chav ua mov ci”. Cov neeg mob ntawm hom 2, feem ntau nrog lub cev nyhav dhau los, yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus. Yuav kom ua tiav qhov hnyav yog ua tau los ntawm kev txwv tus naj npawb ntawm cov qhob cij noj.
Hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv cov neeg mob laus dua, kev siv lub cev ua si ua lub luag haujlwm thib ob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj tau cov txiaj ntsig tau txais. Kev suav ntawm XE cov khoom lag luam tau yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua li cov calories ntau ntawm cov zaub mov.
Rau kev yooj yim, txhua yam khoom tau muab faib ua 3 pawg:
- cov uas tuaj yeem noj tau yam tsis muaj kev txwv (tsis pub ua dhau ntawm qhov txwv) thiab tsis suav nrog rau cov khob cij,
- cov khoom noj xav tau insulin txhawb,
- nws yog qhov tsis tsim nyog siv, tshwj tsis yog rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm hypoglycemia (ib qho kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav qab zib).
Thawj pawg muaj cov zaub, nqaij nqaij, butter. Lawv tsis nce ntxiv hlo li (lossis nce me ntsis) ntawm cov piam thaj nyob hauv ntshav. Ntawm cov zaub, kev txwv cuam tshuam txog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tais kub - mashed qos yaj ywm. Cov hauv paus zaub hau yog cov noj cov zaub uas zoo thiab muaj rog (roj, qaub qab zib). Cov txheej txheem tuab ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab cov roj ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov nqus tus nqi ntawm cov carbohydrates ceev - lawv qeeb nws.
Tus so ntawm cov zaub (tsis muaj kua txiv los ntawm lawv) rau 1 XE hloov tawm:
- beets, carrots - 200 g,
- zaub qhwv, lws suav, radish - 400 g,
- taub - 600 g
- cucumbers - 800 g.
Hauv pawg thib ob ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog cov “ceev” carbohydrates (cov khoom bakery, mis nyuj, kua txiv, cereals, nplej zom, txiv hmab txiv ntoo). Nyob rau hauv peb - qab zib, zib ntab, jam, khoom qab zib. Lawv tsuas yog siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, nrog cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav hauv lub cev (ntshav qog ntshav qab zib tsawg).
Lub tswv yim ntawm "chav ua mov ci" tau qhia rau kev ntsuas tus txheeb ze ntawm carbohydrates nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Cov txheej txheem yog yooj yim siv rau hauv kev ua noj thiab khoom noj khoom haus rau qhov sib hloov ntawm cov khoom muaj cov khoom noj carbohydrate. Cov kab yog tsim nyob hauv qhov thev naus laus zis endocrinological chaw ntawm RAMS.
Muaj ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev hloov cov khoom lag luam ua cov khob cij. Ua li no, siv lub rooj ntawm cov khob cij rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Feem ntau nws muaj ntau ntu:
- qab zib
- hmoov nplej thiab nqaij cov khoom lag luam, cereals,
- thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo
- zaub
- khoom noj siv mis
- dej qab zib.
Cov zaub mov hauv ib qho nyiaj ntawm 1 XE nce cov ntshav qab zib kwv yees li 1.8 mmol / L. Vim lub ntuj tsis ruaj khov theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob biochemical hauv lub cev thaum nruab hnub, metabolism hauv thawj ib nrab yog ntau dua. Thaum sawv ntxov, 1 XE yuav nce glycemia los ntawm 2.0 mmol / L, thaum nruab hnub - 1.5 mmol / L, yav tsaus ntuj - 1.0 mmol / L. Raws li, kev noj cov tshuaj insulin yog kho rau ntawm cov khob cij ua noj.
Cov khoom noj txom ncauj me me nrog cov kev ua si tseem ceeb txaus rau tus neeg mob muaj cai tsis tuaj yeem nrog cov tshuaj hormones los ntawm. 1 lossis 2 txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj insulin ntev ntev (ib hnub ua haujlwm ntev) ib hnub, glycemic keeb kwm ntawm lub cev tau khaws cia ruaj khov. Cov khoom noj txom ncauj ua ntej yuav mus pw (1-2 XE) yog ua los tiv thaiv hmo ntuj hypoglycemia. Nws yog qhov tsis tsim nyog noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum hmo ntuj. Cov carbohydrates ceev ceev tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tawm tsam.
Tag nrho cov zaub mov ntawm lub cev hnyav li cov ntshav qab zib ua cov haujlwm ib txwm muaj li 20 XE. Nrog lub cev ua haujlwm hnyav - 25 XE. Rau cov neeg uas xav kom poob phaus - 12-14 XE. Ib nrab ntawm tus neeg mob cov zaub mov yog sawv cev los ntawm carbohydrates (qhob cij, cereals, zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo). Qhov seem, hauv kwv yees li qhov sib npaug sib npaug, poob ntawm cov rog thiab cov nqaijrog (cov nqaij zoo, nqaij nyuj, cov khoom ntses, roj). Qhov txwv rau qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov zaub mov hauv ib zaug tau txiav txim siab - 7 XE.
Ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, raws li XE cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub rooj, tus neeg mob txiav txim siab seb nws yuav noj pes tsawg khob ib hnub twg. Piv txwv li, nws yuav noj 3-4 tbsp rau pluas tshais. l cereal - 1 XE, ib qho khoom siv txiav nruab nrab - 1 XE, ib qho yob ntawm butter - 1 XE, kua me me - 1 XE. Carbohydrates (hmoov nplej, mov ci) feem ntau siv nqaij cov khoom lag luam. Cov tshuaj yej tsis muaj qab hau tsis xav tau XE tus lej.
Muaj pov thawj qhia tias cov naj npawb ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 tsawg dua tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob ntawm hom 2 tshuaj insulin.
Cov kws kho mob muaj cov hom phiaj hauv qab no thaum sau tshuaj insulin rau tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2:
- tiv thaiv hyperglycemic coma thiab ketoacidosis (qhov pom ntawm acetone hauv qhov zis),
- tshem tawm cov tsos mob (nqhis dej nqhis dej, qhov ncauj qhuav, tso zis heev),
- rov qab poob lub cev hnyav,
- txhim kho kev zoo, lub neej zoo, muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm, muaj peev xwm ua lub cev qoj ib ce,
- txo qhov mob heev thiab zaus ntawm kis,
- tiv thaiv qhov mob txhab ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj thiab me me.
Nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov hom phiaj los ntawm kev yoo mov glycemia (nce txog 5.5 mmol / L), tom qab noj mov - 10.0 mmol / L. Tus lej tom qab yog qhov chaw renal pib. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, nws tuaj yeem nce ntxiv. Hauv cov neeg laus mob ntshav qab zib, lwm qhov ntsuas ntawm glycemia raug txiav txim siab: ntawm lub plab khoob - txog 11 mmol / l, tom qab noj mov - 16 mmol / l.
Nrog theem no cov piam thaj, cov qe ntshav dawb ua kom tsis zoo. Cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tau hais tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los sau tshuaj insulin thaum siv cov txheej txheem kev kho mob tsis ua rau muaj glycemic qib (HbA1c) tsawg dua 8%.
Kev kho qog noj ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 pab kho:
- Cov tshuaj insulin tsis txaus
- mob siab rau lub siab ntau ntau,
- kev siv cov carbohydrates hauv cov nqaij nruab nrog cev.
Cov lus qhia rau kev kho tshuaj insulin rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj hnub nyoog tau muab faib ua ob pawg: cov tsis raug (txiav cov suab thaj vim cev xeeb tub, phais mob, mob hnyav) thiab tus txheeb ze (tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov piam thaj tshuaj, lawv tsis tuaj yeem).
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm tus kab mob yog kho tau. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus thiab kev noj haus nruj. Hloov mus rau kev kho tshuaj insulin tej zaum yuav yog ib ntus lossis tas mus li. Qhov kev xaiv thawj yeej kav, raws li txoj cai, txog li 3 hlis. Tom qab ntawd tus kws kho mob tshem tawm txoj kev txhaj tshuaj.
Ntshav qab zib Hom 2 yog suav hais tias yog kev tshawb fawb tau zoo, tswj tau tus mob ntawm tus kab mob. Nws txoj kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob tsis nyuaj tshwj xeeb. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis kam lees txais yuav kho cov insulin pab ib ntus.Qhov txiav tawm nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tib lub sijhawm tau txais kev txhawb nqa uas tsim nyog.
Dab tsi yog qhov no
- Thaum tus kws kho mob yuav tsim ib qho khoom noj zoo rau koj, nws yuav txiav txim siab:
- Hom mob uas koj muaj yog thawj lossis thib ob,
- Qhov xwm ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob,
- Lub xub ntiag muaj cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob,
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij units - luv tus XE.
Qhov ntsuas no yog siv rau hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Lub tswv yim ntawm XE tau qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas tau txhaj tshuaj insulin. Cov kev cai ntawm cov tshuaj no yog xam raws li cov nyiaj uas tau txais nyiaj carbohydrates ib hnub.
Qhov no ua los txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov mob hnyav thiab mob txaus ntshai - hypo- thiab hyperglycemia, thaum muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg heev hauv cov ntshav, lossis, hloov pauv, ntau heev.
Yuav suav li cas
Cov laij lej xam muaj li nram qab no - 1 XE sib npaug 15 g. carbohydrates, 25 gr. mov ci thiab 12 gr. qab zib.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nqa tawm cov kev suav rau hauv kev txhawm rau ua cov ntawv qhia zaub mov kom raug.
Tus nqi hu ua "qhob cij", vim hais tias rau nws qhov kev txiav txim siab los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus tau coj los ua lub hauv paus yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab siv ntau tshaj plaws - cov mov ci. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj noj ib lub ncuav dawb ntawm cov ncuav dub, muaj lub npe hu ua “cib”, thiab txiav nws ua tej daim loj li 1 cm tuab, ces ib nrab nws yuav yog 1 XE (hnyav - 25 g.)
Cov carbohydrates ntau nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob ntshav qab zib no yuav noj, insulin ntau nws yuav tsum tau ua kom nws li qub. Cov neeg mob uas tau mob los ntawm thawj hom kab mob tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm chav ua haujlwm no, vim tias ntau yam no yog insulin-tiv thaiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias 1 XE nce qib qab zib ntawm 1.5 mmol txog 1.9 mmol.
Glycemic Performance index
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum xaiv cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb. Qhov ntsuas no qhia txog cov khoom noj cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav qab zib.
Glycemic Performance index, lossis GI, tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb tsawg dua piv rau chav nyob ntawm lub khob cij. Cov khoom noj uas ua rau qeeb qeeb yog cov zaub mov uas GI tsis tshua muaj, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ceev nrawm, nws yog cov lus sau siab. Thaum thawj pab pawg nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, qab zib nce ntau, thiab cov txiav ua qab pib tsim cov tshuaj insulin.
Lub rooj noj zaub mov GI siab yog li nram qab no:
- Npias
- Cov Hnub
- Cov khob cij dawb
- Ci,
- Fried thiab ci qos yaj ywm,
- Stewed los yog carrots carrots,
- Lub taub
- Ua Tsuag Ntau
Lawv muaj Gi ntawm ntau dua 70, yog li cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum txwv tsis pub siv ntau li ntau tau. Lossis, yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam thiab noj nrog qhov koj nyiam kho, them rau nws los ntawm kev txo tus nqi ntawm cov carbohydrates.
Txiv leej tub yog 49 lossis tsawg dua hauv cov zaub mov zoo li no:
- Txiv kab ntxwv lwj
- Cov nplej xim av
- Cwj Vuam Chiv
- Txiv quav cawv
- Pob Tsuas Yaj
- Nyiaj Pov Xyooj
- Txiv apples tshiab.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias "lub tsev khaws khoom" ntawm cov protein - qe, ntses lossis nqaij qaib - kev xyaum tsis muaj cov carbohydrates, qhov tseeb, lawv qhov GI yog 0.
Yuav siv ntau npaum li cas
Yog tias koj raug noj cov zaub mov muaj carb tsawg, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom tsis txhob noj ntau dua 2 - 2, 5 XE ib hnub. Kev noj zaub mov zoo raws kev ua kom yuag pub rau 10-20 units, tab sis qee cov kws kho mob tau sib cav tias txoj kev ua no muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv. Tej zaum, rau txhua tus neeg mob muaj qhov ntsuas pom.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb nws puas tuaj yeem noj cov khoom no lossis cov khoom lag luam no, XE lub rooj, tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, pab:
- Mov ci - nws yog qhov yuam kev kom ntseeg hais tias ib qho khob cij tig mus rau hauv lub khob tawg muaj cov khoom tsawg dua cov khob cij tshiab. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb kiag li. Cov concentration ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv khob cij yog siab heev,
- Cov khoom noj siv mis, mis - qhov chaw ntawm calcium thiab tsiaj cov protein, thiab ntxiv rau lub tsev khaws cov vitamins. Cov rog tsis muaj rog kefir, mis los yog tsev cheese yuav tsum yeej,
- Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem noj tau, tab sis hauv qee yam txwv,
- Cov dej haus kom nyab xeeb tshaj plaws yog kas fes, tshuaj yej thiab dej ntxhia. Citro, dej haus thiab ntau yam dej cawv yuav tsum tsis suav nrog,
- Khoom qab zib raug txwv. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau siv kom zoo zoo,
- Hauv cov qoob loo hauv paus, cov carbohydrates yog qhov tsis tuaj kiag li lossis me heev uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem suav nrog thaum suav nrog. Hauv qhov no, yuav tsum tau them rau Jerusalem artichoke, qos yaj ywm, beets, carrots thiab taub.
- 2 dia ntawm cov kua zaub ntsuab rhaub muaj 1 XE. Yog tias cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav nce siab txaus, cov porridge tuab yuav tsum tau muab rhaub.
Taum 1 XE - 7 diav.
Neeg hloov hluav taws xob
Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev nqus ntawm carbohydrates, nrog cov zaub mov tau txais hauv. Ib zaug hauv cov hnyuv, cov quav tau zom rau hauv cov suab thaj yooj yim, thiab tom qab ntawd ces nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Hauv cov kab mob ntshav qabzib, qabzib, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog, nqa los ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
Tom qab noj mov, cov piam thaj nce ntxiv - yog li, qhov xav tau rau insulin kuj nce siab. Yog tias tus tib neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv, nws lub cev ua haujlwm "lub luag haujlwm" rau lo lus nug no. Tus mob ntshav qab zib insulin yog siv tshuaj pleev, thiab cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab xam kom raug.
Yog tias koj pheej ua cov kev laij tawm ntawm cov tseem ceeb, txwv koj tus kheej hauv cov khoom noj carbohydrates thiab ua tib zoo nyeem cov ntawv cim ntawm cov khoom ua ntej yuav lawv - tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus kab mob hem koj.
Ntau ntxiv txog cov tswvyim ntawm XE
Lub chaw tswj hwm portal tsis hais qhov tshuaj rau tus kheej thiab, thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, qhia koj kom sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Peb lub portal muaj cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb zoo tshaj plaws, uas koj tuaj yeem teem caij online lossis hauv xov tooj. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv lub kws kho mob haum koj tus kheej lossis peb yuav xaiv nws rau koj kiag li pab dawbCov. Thiab tsuas yog thaum sau los ntawm peb, Tus nqi rau kev sab laj yuav raug qis dua nyob hauv tsev kho mob nws tus kheej. Nov yog peb qhov khoom plig me me rau peb cov neeg tuaj saib. Noj qab nyob zoo!
