Cov qhob cij ua ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi? Ntxhuav thiab muab xam
Chav tsev qhob cij (XE) yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. XE yog ib qho kev ntsuas siv los kwv yees cov nyiaj carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov. Piv txwv li, "100 gram chocolate bar muaj 5 XE", qhov twg 1 XE: 20 g ntawm chocolate. Lwm qhov piv txwv: 65 g ntawm dej khov rau hauv cov khob cij chav tsev yog 1 XE.
Ib lub khob cij yog 25 g ntawm khob cij lossis 12 g suab thaj. Hauv qee lub tebchaws, nws yog kev coj los txiav txim siab tsuas yog 15 g ntawm carbohydrates rau ntawm ib lub khob cij. Yog vim li cas koj thiaj li yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm kev tshawb fawb txog XE lub rooj hauv cov khoom lag luam, cov ntaub ntawv hauv lawv kuj txawv txav. Txog rau tam sim no, thaum tsim cov ntxhuav, tsuas yog carbohydrates zom tau los ntawm tib neeg tau coj mus rau hauv tus account, thaum kev noj haus fiber ntau, i.e. fiber ntau - raug tshem tawm.
Suav cov khob cij ua mov
Cov pa roj carbon ntau nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub khob cij yuav ua rau xav tau cov tshuaj insulin ntau dua, uas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj kom tua cov ntshav qab zib tom qab thiab txhua yam no yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab. Ib tus neeg muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj nws txoj kev noj haus rau pes tsawg chav ua mov ci hauv cov khoom. Qhov txhaj tag nrho cov tshuaj insulin ib hnub ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov no, thiab kev noj tshuaj ntawm "ultrashort" thiab "luv" insulin ua ntej noj su.
Lub khob cij yuav tsum txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv cov khoom uas tus neeg yuav haus, hais txog lub rooj rau cov ntshav qab zib. Thaum tus lej paub, koj yuav tsum xam qhov koob tshuaj "ultrashort" lossis "luv" insulin, uas yog pricked ua ntej noj.
Txog qhov tseeb tshaj ntawm lub khob cij suav, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntsuas hnyav cov khoom ua ntej noj mov. Tab sis sijhawm dhau mus, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib soj ntsuam cov khoom "los ntawm qhov muag". Xws li qhov kwv yees txaus rau xam cov koob tshuaj insulin. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tau txais ib chav ua noj me me yuav pab tau zoo.
Glycemic Index Khoom Noj
Muaj ntshav qab zib, tsis tsuas yog cov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis kuj tseem ceev rau lawv qhov nqus thiab nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov qeeb hauv lub cev metabolizes carbohydrates, tsawg dua lawv nce suab thaj. Yog li, qhov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tom qab noj mov yuav tsawg dua, uas txhais tau hais tias lub tshuab tawg rau cov hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha yuav tsis muaj zog npaum li ntawd.
Glycemic Food Index (GI) - Qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv tib neeg cov ntshav. Hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, qhov ntsuas no tseem ceeb npaum li qhov ntim ntawm cov khob cij. Dietitians pom zoo kom noj zaub mov ntau dua uas muaj glycemic index tsawg.
Cov khoom lag luam uas paub tias muaj glycemic siab siab. Lub ntsiab yog:
- Zib ntab
- Qab zib
- Si haus thiab tsis haus dej,
- Jam
- Glucose ntsiav tshuaj.
Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom qab zib yog ib qho tsis muaj roj. Ntawm cov mob ntshav qab zib, lawv tuaj yeem noj tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia. Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, cov khoom lag luam tau teev tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Kev noj cov qhob cij
Ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub pom zoo kom noj cov khoom noj carbohydrates, uas yog sib npaug rau 2 lossis 2.5 khob cij ib hnub. Ntau cov pluas noj "sib npaug" xav txog nws ib txwm noj 10-20 XE carbohydrates ib hnub, tab sis qhov no ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib.
Yog tias ib tus neeg xav txo qis nws cov piam thaj, lawv yuav txo qis lawv cov khoom noj kom rog. Nws hloov tawm hais tias hom no muaj txiaj ntsig tsis yog rau kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 xwb, tabsis tseem mob ntshav qab zib hom 1. Nws tsis yog yuav tsum ntseeg txhua lub tswv yim uas tau sau rau hauv cov lus hais txog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws yog txaus los yuav ib qho khoom noj qab zib kom raug, uas yuav qhia seb cov khoom noj puas haum rau kev siv.
Tam sim no qhov nce ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau sim ua kom muaj qhov ntim ntawm cov khob cij hauv cov zaub mov noj. Raws li hloov chaw, cov khoom lag luam nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov protein thiab cov rog zoo li qub tau siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zaub ntsuab muaj ntau dua.
Yog tias koj ua raws li cov zaub mov tsis muaj carb, tom qab ob peb hnub nws yuav pom tseeb ntau npaum li cas kev noj qab haus huv tau zoo dua tuaj thiab cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tau poob qis. Cov zaub mov zoo li no tshem tawm qhov kev xav tau los saib ntawm lub rooj ntawm chav ua khob cij. Yog hais tias rau txhua pluas noj koj haus tsuas yog 6-12 g ntawm carbohydrates, ces tus naj npawb ntawm cov khob cij yuav tsis ntau tshaj 1 XE.
Nrog txoj kev noj haus zoo "sib npaug", cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsis txaus, thiab cov zaub mov uas muaj ntshav qab zib kuj tseem siv. Ib tus neeg xav los laij seb cov insulin ntau npaum li cas rau 1 lub khob cij yuav tsum nqus tau. Hloov chaw, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev kuaj seb yuav siv tshuaj insulin ntau npaum li cas kom nqus tau 1 g ntawm carbohydrates, thiab tsis yog chav cij.
Yog li, cov carbohydrates tsawg noj, insulin tsawg dua qhov yuav tsum tau. Tom qab pib noj cov zaub mov carb tsawg, qhov kev xav tau rau cov insulin tsawg dua li 2-5 zaug. Tus neeg mob uas tau txo qis cov tshuaj noj lossis insulin tsawg dua yuav muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg.
Hmoov nplej thiab khoom noj ci
Tag nrho cov cereals, suav nrog tag nrho cov khoom ua nplej (barley, oats, nplej) muaj qhov ncaj ntawm cov carbohydrates hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lawv qhov kev muaj noj haus ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yog qhov tsim nyog!
Yog li cov cereals tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob lub luag haujlwm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj cov theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav hauv lub sijhawm, ob qho ua ntej thiab tom qab noj mov. Nws tsis tuaj yeem lees paub dhau qhov cai ntawm kev noj ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo li no hauv cov txheej txheem khoom noj. Ib lub rooj yuav pab laij cov khob cij.
| Khoom | Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ib 1 XE | |
|---|---|---|
| khob cij dawb, grey (tshwj tsis yog butter) | 1 daim 1 cm tuab | 20 g |
| qhob cij qhob cij | 1 daim 1 cm tuab | 25 g |
| cov mov ci | 1 daim 1.3 cm tuab | 30 g |
| Borodino qhob cij | 1 daim 0.6 cm tuab | 15 g |
| pob keej | puv tes | 15 g |
| crackers (ncuav qab zib qhuav) | — | 15 g |
| breadcrumbs | — | 15 g |
| butter dov | — | 20 g |
| damn (loj) | 1 pc | 30 g |
| khov dumplings nrog tsev cheese | 4 pc | 50 g |
| khov dumplings | 4 pc | 50 g |
| cheesecake | — | 50 g |
| waffles (me me) | 1.5 pcs | 17 g |
| hmoov | 1 tbsp. diav nrog tus swb | 15 g |
| qhiav qhiav | 0,5 pc | 40 g |
| fritters (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | 30 g |
| nplej zom (nyoos) | 1-2 tbsp. ua raws (nyob ntawm cov duab) | 15 g |
| nplej zom (hau) | 2 tbsp4 tbsp. rab diav (nyob ntawm seb cov duab) | 50 g |
| groats (ib qho, raw) | 1 tbsp. ib rab diav | 15 g |
| porridge (ib qho) | 2 tbsp. diav nrog tus swb | 50 g |
| pob kws (nruab nrab) | 0.5 pob ntseg | 100 g |
| pob kws (cov kaus poom) | 3 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 60 g |
| pob kws flakes | 4 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 15 g |
| paj kws | 10 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 15 g |
| oatmeal | 2 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 20 g |
| nplej pob kws | 12 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 50 g |
Mis thiab Mis los
Cov khoom noj siv mis thiab mis yog qhov ua kom muaj tsiaj protein thiab calcium, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua dhau thiab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab yog qhov tsim nyog. Hauv cov nruab nrab me, cov khoom lag luam muaj yuav luag txhua cov vitamins. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom noj siv mis muaj ntau cov vitamins A thiab B2.
Cov khoom noj muaj roj tsawg yuav tsum tau nyiam nyob hauv cov khoom noj xav tau. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los tso tag nrho cov mis. 200 ml ntawm mis tseem muaj yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm cov txheej txheem txhua hnub ntawm cov rog nyeem, yog li nws zoo dua tsis txhob siv cov khoom zoo li no. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus haus cov mis nyuj skim, lossis npaj ib pob dej cawv raws nws, uas koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis txiv ntoo ua ke, qhov no yog raws nraim li cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum yog.
| Khoom | Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ib 1 XE | |
|---|---|---|
| mis nyuj | 1 khob | 200 ml |
| ci mis | 1 khob | 200 ml |
| kefir | 1 khob | 250 ml |
| lee | 1 khob | 200 ml |
| kua mis nyeem qaub (ntuj) | 200 g | |
| fermented ci mis nyuj | 1 khob | 200 ml |
| mis nyuj khov (tsis muaj glaze thiab waffles) | — | 65 g |
| mis nyuj khov (hauv icing thiab waffles) | — | 50 g |
| cheesecake (nruab nrab, nrog piam thaj) | 1 daim | 75 g |
| curd loj (qab zib, yam tsis muaj iav thiab raisins) | — | 100 g |
| curd loj nrog raisins (qab zib) | — | 35-40 g |
Neeg rau, zaub, legumes
Cov txiv ntoo, taum thiab zaub yuav tsum yog cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib ib txwm noj. Cov zaub mov pab tswj cov ntshav qab zib los ntawm kev txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob plawv yog txo qis. Cov zaub, txhuv thiab zaub ntau ntau pub rau lub cev xws li cov khoom noj protein, fiber thiab potassium.
Raws li khoom noj txom ncauj, nws zoo dua rau siv cov zaub nyoos thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov zaub mov glycemic tsawg, lub rooj tsuas pab rau kev xyaum tsis suav nws. Tus kab mob ntshav qab zib tsis zoo rau lub cev ua rau muaj cov zaub mov muaj hmoov txhuv nplej siab, vim tias lawv muaj calorie ntau thiab muaj cov carbohydrates ntau. Tus nqi ntawm cov zaub zoo li no hauv cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau txwv, qhov muab xam ntawm cov chav ua mov ci tau qhia hauv lub rooj.
| Khoom | Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ib 1 XE | |
|---|---|---|
| qos thiab hau qos yaj ywm (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | 75 g |
| mashed qos yaj ywm | 2 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 90 g |
| kib qos | 2 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 35 g |
| tej daim | — | 25 g |
| carrots (nruab nrab) | 3 Pcs | 200 g |
| beets (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | 150 g |
| taum (qhuav) | 1 tbsp. ib rab diav | 20 g |
| taum (hau) | 3 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 50 g |
| peas (tshiab) | 7 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 100 g |
| taum (hau) | 3 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 50 g |
| txiv ntoo | — | 60-90 g (nyob ntawm seb hom) |
| taub dag | — | 200 g |
| Jerusalem artichoke | — | 70 g |
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv ntoo (nrog pob zeb thiab tev)
Nrog ntshav qab zib, nws tau tso cai kom haus feem ntau ntawm cov txiv ntoo uas twb muaj lawm. Tab sis muaj kev zam, cov no yog txiv hmab, dib liab, tsawb, melon, txiv nkhaus taw thiab txiv puv luj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li no nce qib hauv cov piam thaj hauv tib neeg cov ntshav, uas txhais tau tias lawv cov kev noj yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg thiab tsis noj txhua hnub.
Tab sis cov kab lis kev cai ib txwm muaj kev hloov pauv zoo rau cov khoom qab zib qab zib. Rau cov mob ntshav qab zib, txiv pos nphuab, gooseberries, txiv ntoo qab zib thiab cov dub currants zoo tshaj plaws - tus thawj coj tsis sib haum ntawm cov berries hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov vitamin C rau txhua hnub.
| Khoom | Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ib 1 XE | |
|---|---|---|
| apricots | 2-3 pcs. | 110 g |
| quince (loj) | 1 pc | 140 g |
| txiv puv luj (ntoo khaub lig) | 1 daim | 140 g |
| lub dib liab | 1 daim | 270 g |
| txiv kab ntxwv (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | 150 g |
| Txiv tsawb (nruab nrab) | 0,5 pc | 70 g |
| lingonberry | 7 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 140 g |
| txiv hmab (me me) | 12 pcs | 70 g |
| txiv aws | 15 Pcs. | 90 g |
| pomegranate (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | 170 g |
| txiv kab ntxwv qaub (loj) | 0,5 pc | 170 g |
| txiv moj coos (me me) | 1 pc | 90 g |
| lub dib pag | 1 daim | 100 g |
| blackberry | 8 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 140 g |
| figs | 1 pc | 80 g |
| kiwi (loj) | 1 pc | 110 g |
| txiv pos nphuab (nruab nrab cov txiv ntoo ib nrab) | 10 Pcs. | 160 g |
| gooseberry | 6 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 120 g |
| txiv qaub | 3 Pcs | 270 g |
| txiv pos nphuab | 8 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 160 g |
| txiv nkhaus taw (me me) | 1 pc | 110 g |
| tangerines (nruab nrab) | 2-3 pcs. | 150 g |
| nectarine (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | |
| txiv duaj (nruab nrab) | 1 pc | 120 g |
| plums (me me) | 3-4 pcs. | 90 g |
| currant | 7 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 120 g |
| persimmon (nruab nrab) | 0,5 pc | 70 g |
| qab zib cherry | 10 Pcs. | 100 g |
| blueberries | 7 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 90 g |
| kua (me me) | 1 pc | 90 g |
| Dried txiv ntoo | ||
| tsawb | 1 pc | 15 g |
| raisins | 10 Pcs. | 15 g |
| figs | 1 pc | 15 g |
| qhuav apricots | 3 Pcs | 15 g |
| hnub tim | 2 pcs | 15 g |
| prunes | 3 Pcs | 20 g |
| txiv apples | 2 tbsp. khoom siv diav | 20 g |
Thaum xaiv cov dej qab zib, zoo li lwm cov khoom lag luam, koj yuav tsum tshawb xyuas cov nyiaj ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv cov lus muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov dej qab zib tawm tswv yim yog contraindicated rau cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib, thiab tsis tas yuav noj lawv rau cov ntshav qab zib, tsis tas yuav muaj lub laij lej.
Ib tug neeg muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tswj nws txoj kev txaus siab los ntawm kev haus cov dej haus kom huv txaus.
Txhua tus haus yuav tsum haus los ntawm tus neeg muaj ntshav qab zib, muab lawv cov glycemic index. Cov dej qab zib uas tus neeg mob haus tau:
- Dej ntshiab haus
- Cov kua txiv
- Kua zaub ntsuab
- Tshuaj yej
- Mis
- Ntsuab tshuaj yej.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj yej ntsuab yog qhov loj heev. Cov dej no muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntshav siab, maj mam cuam tshuam rau lub cev. Ntxiv mus, tshuaj yej ntsuab txo qis cov roj cholesterol thiab rog hauv lub cev.
| Khoom | Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ib 1 XE | |
|---|---|---|
| zaub qhwv | 2,5 khob | 500 g |
| zaub ntug hauv av | 2/3 khob | 125 g |
| lub dib | 2,5 khob | 500 g |
| kab laum | 2/3 khob | 125 g |
| txiv lws suav | 1.5 khob | 300 g |
| txiv kab ntxwv | 0.5 khob | 110 g |
| txiv hmab | 0.3 khob | 70 g |
| txiv aws | 0.4 khob | 90 g |
| pear | 0.5 khob | 100 g |
| txiv kab ntxwv qaub | 1.4 khob | 140 g |
| redcurrant | 0.4 khob | 80 g |
| gooseberry | 0.5 khob | 100 g |
| txiv pos nphuab | 0.7 khob | 160 g |
| txiv pos nphuab | 0.75 khob | 170 g |
| plum | 0.35 khob | 80 g |
| kua | 0.5 khob | 100 g |
| kvass | 1 khob | 250 ml |
| sparkling dej (qab zib) | 0.5 khob | 100 ml |
Feem ntau yog cov khoom noj qab zib muaj sucrose hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov zaub mov qab zib tsis zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Tam sim no, cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov khoom muaj kev xaiv ntau ntawm cov khoom qab zib raws li cov khoom qab zib.
Feem ntau cov kws kho ntshav qab zib lees tias cov khoom zoo li no tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li, thiab lub laij lej ntawm no yuav tsis tas li pab. Qhov tseeb yog tias qee qhov hloov ua piam thaj tuaj yeem ua rau nce phaus, uas tsis txaus siab rau cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntshav qab zib hom II
Cov kab mob ntawm cov khoom noj tsis haum ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrates kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog T2DM, nrog ob qho tib si tshaj tawm insulin tsis kam (cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj insulin rau sab hauv lossis sab nraud ntawm cov nqaij mos) thiab kev tsim kho tsis zoo ntawm lawv tus kheej insulin nrog sib txawv ntawm kev sib txheeb ntawm lawv. Tus kab mob loj hlob, raws li txoj cai, maj mam, thiab hauv 85% ntawm cov neeg mob nws tau txais los ntawm niam txiv. Nrog rau cov xwm txheej hnyav, cov neeg laus dua 50 xyoo tau mob T2DM nrog yuav luag tsis muaj kev zam.
Kev Ua Neej ntawm T2DM pab txhawb rog dhau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub plab hom, nrog kev cia siab ntawm visceral (sab hauv) rog, thiab tsis rog rog.
Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob hom kev sib txuam roj hauv lub cev tuaj yeem tshawb pom los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kab mob hauv lub tsev hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb, lossis (muaj tsawg heev) kev ntsuas cov roj hauv tsev-rog nrog cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kwv yees kwv yees tus nqi ntawm visceral rog.
Hauv T2DM, kev ua rog rau tib neeg lub cev, thiaj li yuav kov yeej cov ntaub so ntswg insulin tsis kam, raug yuam kom muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov ntshav piv rau ib txwm, uas ua rau lub cev txo ntawm cov pancreatic reserves rau insulin ntau lawm. Insulin tsis kam ua rau muaj kev nce siab ntxiv ntawm cov rog lub cev thiab kev noj zaub mov kom muaj fiber ntau tsis txaus.
Thaum pib thawj zaug ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm T2DM, qhov txheej txheem yuav rov ua tau los ntawm kev kho cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab qhia kev ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm tsis pub dhau qhov ntxiv (mus rau theem ntawm cov metabolism hauv lub cev thiab cov tsev neeg ib txwm ua thiab kev tsim tawm) txhua hnub tau noj 200-250 kcal ntawm lub zog hauv aerobic ce hom, uas tau sib haum rau kwv yees li cov kev siv lub cev:
- taug kev 8 km
- Nordic taug kev 6 km
- 4 km khiav zos.
Ntau npaum li cas carbohydrate noj nrog cov ntshav qab zib hom II
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo hauv T2DM yog qhov kev txo qis ntawm cov zaub mov tsis txaus rau qhov kev cai, uas tus neeg mob xav tau qee qhov kev qhia tus kheej nrog kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej.
Nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov neeg mob, txhua hom metabolism pib txhim kho, tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub so ntswg pib nqus zoo dua cov piam thaj, thiab txawm tias (qee tus neeg mob) rov qab kho (rov ua dua tshiab) cov txheej txheem hauv cov txiav ua ke. Hauv lub caij nyoog ua ntej insulin, kev noj haus yog kev kho mob ntshav qab zib nkaus xwb, tab sis nws tus nqi tsis tau txo qis hauv peb lub sijhawm. Qhov xav tau los sau tshuaj rau cov ntshav qab zib kom tsawg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj rau tus neeg mob tshwm sim (lossis mob siab) tsuas yog tias cov piam thaj hauv siab tsis txo qis tom qab kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev ua kom lub cev hnyav dua. Yog tias cov tshuaj txo cov ntshav qab zib tsis pab, tus kws kho mob sau tawm kho cov tshuaj insulin.
Qee zaum cov neeg mob raug yaum kom tso tseg cov suab thaj yooj yim, tab sis kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tsis paub tseeb txog qhov kev hu no. Cov piam thaj hauv cov khoom noj ntawm cov zaub mov nce glycemia (piam thaj hauv cov ntshav) tsis siab dua qhov sib npaug ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv calories thiab qhov hnyav. Yog li, cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov ntxhuav tsis txaus ntseeg. glycemic Performance index (GI) cov khoom lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim qee tus neeg mob nrog T2DM tau ua tiav lossis tsis muaj qab zib ntawm cov khoom qab zib tsis tshua zoo.
Txij lub sijhawm, noj khaub noom lossis khoom qab zib tsis pub tus neeg mob xav tias lawv muaj kev tsis zoo (tshwj xeeb vim tias nws tsis nyob ntawd).Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li GI cov khoom yog lawv tus naj npawb tag nrho, cov khoom noj uas muaj nyob hauv lawv yam tsis tas yuav faib ua cov qauv yooj yim thiab cov nyom. Tab sis tus neeg mob yuav tsum paub tag nrho cov nyiaj uas tau txais cov nyiaj carbohydrates ib hnub, thiab tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj koom tuaj yeem kho tus neeg no qhov tseeb, raws li kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab kev soj ntsuam. Nrog rau cov ntshav qab zib, qhov feem ntawm cov carbohydrates hauv tus neeg mob lub cev kev noj haus tuaj yeem txo qis (nce txog 40% hauv calories tsis yog li 55%), tab sis tsis qis dua.
Tam sim no, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm daim ntawv thov rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes, uas tso cai, los ntawm kev siv yooj yim, kom paub cov khoom noj hauv carbohydrates hauv cov khoom noj uas tau npaj tseg, cov nyiaj no tuaj yeem tsim ncaj qha rau hauv grams, uas yuav xav tau ua ntej qhov kev hnyav ntawm cov khoom lag luam lossis tais, kawm daim ntawv lo (piv txwv, protein ntau), Kev pab ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm cov tuam txhab ua khoom noj, lossis kev paub txog qhov hnyav thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev muab zaub mov noj raws li kev paub.
Txoj kev ua neej zoo sib xws tam sim no, tom qab kuaj pom, yog koj tus qauv, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tau txais.
Chav tsev qhob cij - nws yog dab tsi
Keeb kwm, ua ntej lub caij ntawm iPhones, cov txheej txheem sib txawv rau kev xam cov zaub mov carbohydrates tau tsim - dhau los ntawm chav ua mov ci (XE), tseem hu ua carbohydrate cov chav nyobCov. Chav nyob qhob cij rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 1 tau qhia los pab txhawb qhov kev ntsuas ntawm cov tshuaj insulin uas yuav tsum tau ua rau kom ua kom tau cov carbohydrate. 1 XE yuav tsum muaj 2 chav tshuaj insulin rau kev yaug thaum sawv ntxov, 1.5 thaum noj su, thiab tsuas yog 1 thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Qhov nqus ntawm cov carbohydrates hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 1 XE nce glycemia los ntawm 1.5-1.9 mmol / L.
Tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus meej ntawm XE, peb muab ntau tus lej keeb kwm txhais cov ntsiab lus. Chav tsev qhob cij tau qhia los ntawm cov kws kho mob German, thiab txog xyoo 2010 nws tau txhais tias yog qhov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom muaj 12 g ntawm zom zom (thiab yog li nce glycemia) carbohydrates nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov suab thaj thiab qab zib. Tab sis nyob hauv Switzerland XE tau pom tias muaj 10 g ntawm carbohydrates, thiab hauv cov teb chaws Askiv hais lus nws yog 15 g.
Hauv Lavxias, nws tau ntseeg tias 1 XE sib raug rau 12 g ntawm carbohydrate zom, lossis 13 g ntawm carbohydrates, suav mus rau hauv tus account kev noj haus fiber ntau hauv cov khoom lag luam. Kev paub txog qhov feem pua no tso cai rau koj kom koj txhais tau yooj yim (ntxaws hauv koj lub siab, raws nraim ntawm lub laij lej ua rau hauv lub xov tooj txawb) XE mus rau hauv cov roj carbohydrates thiab hloov ua lwm yam.
Ua piv txwv, yog tias koj noj 190 g ntawm persimmon nrog cov paub carbohydrate cov ntsiab lus ntawm 15.9%, koj noj 15.9 x 190/100 = 30 g ntawm carbohydrates, lossis 30/12 = 2.5 XE. Yuav ua li cas thiaj xav txog XE, mus rau qhov ze feem kaum ntawm ib feem, los yog puag ncig rau cov zauv - koj txiav txim siab. Hauv ob qho xwm txheej, qhov nruab nrab "nruab nrab" hauv ib hnub yuav raug txo kom tsawg.
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Biliary-nyob biliary pancreatitis
Biliary pancreatitis Biliary pancreatitis yog suav tias yog kev mob txhab ntxiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm tus kab mob hlab ntsha hauv pathology ntawm daim siab thiab mob biliary (mob hlab hlwb). ... -
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