Diacarb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib
Cov tshuaj "Diacarb" muaj cov nyhuv diuretic me me, txo ntshav siab rau sab hauv pob txha taub hau, tshem tawm kev tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsej muag txhawm rau, thiab tiv thaiv kev qaug dab peg. Cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm nce cov ntshav qabzib ntau dua, yog li mob ntshav qab zib mellitus "Diacarb" tsis pom zoo. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov xav tau, cov khoom lag luam tsuas yog siv raws li tus kws kho mob qhia.
TSEEM CEEB YUAV TSUM! Txawm tias cov ntshav qab zib siab tshaj plaws tuaj yeem kho tau hauv tsev, tsis tas yuav phais lossis tsev kho mob. Tsuas nyeem dab tsi Marina Vladimirovna hais. nyeem cov lus pom zoo.
Kev Sib Sau thiab daim ntawv ntawm kev tso tawm
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog acetazolamide. Kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj yog ua raws li kev tsuj ntawm cov kev ua ntawm enzyme carbonoxidase hauv cov hlab ntsha hlaus, qhov muag thiab cov leeg nqaij. Ib zaug hauv lub cev, nws nqus tawm sai sai ntawm lub plab zom mov. Cov tshuaj muaj cov teeb meem hauv qab no:
Qab zib yog txo tam sim ntawd! Mob ntshav qab zib ntev mus ntev tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho cov kab mob, xws li teeb meem tsis pom kev, tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau, mob rau sab hauv, mob caj pas thiab mob qog nqaij hlav! Cov neeg qhia kev iab kev xav ua kom lawv cov suab thaj theem. nyeem rau.
- diuretic - txo qhov thim rov qab nqus ntawm sodium ions, nce cov kua tshem tawm, cov poov tshuaj, magnesium, calcium ions,
- antiglaucoma - txo cov hluavtaws ua kua hluavtaws hauv cov kabmob sab nraud ophthalmic chamber, txo qhov siab nyob hauv lub qhov muag,
- lowers siab sab hauv pob txha taub hau - inhibits cerebrospinal kua tsim thiab normalizes nws outflow,
- antiepileptic - thaiv kev cuam tshuam cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cerebral cortex.
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dawb biconvex ntsiav tshuaj rau lub qhov ncauj tswj hwm uas muaj 250 mg ntawm acetazolamide. Hauv cov tsev muag tshuaj, cov tshuaj muaj muag hauv pob ntawm 12, 24, 30 pcs. hauv lub hlwv. Cov tshuaj pab ntxiv yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, talc, hmoov txhuv nplej siab sodium glycolate lossis silicon oxide, povidone, microcrystalline cellulose, thiab magnesium stearate.
Thaum twg Diakarba tsim nyog?
Vim nws cov teebmeem ntau, Diakarb ntsiav tshuaj noj ob leeg nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj noj thiab ua rau nws tus kheej. Nws yog qhia rau siv nyob rau hauv kab mob hauv qab no pathological thiab kab mob:
Hauv kev kho mob ntev, "Diakarbom" yuav tsum tau kuaj ib zaug txhua 1-2 lub lis piam, soj ntsuam cov xaim electrolyte, platelet suav, thiab lub cev cov kua qaub-lub hauv paus kev tshuav nyiaj li cas.
Tsuas tshuaj thiab tswj hwm
Cov kev kho mob qhov ntau thiab ntau npaum li cas sib txawv raws li cov kab mob, hnub nyoog, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj, tsis hais lub sijhawm noj mov. Cov tshuaj no siv tau rau 12 teev. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj txo qis tom qab 3 hnub tom qab pib ua haujlwm, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob tom qab 3 hnub 1-2 hnub tau raug coj. Nws tsis pom zoo kom haus cov tshuaj rau ntau tshaj ib lub lim tiam vim qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev mob plab metabolic acidosis. Kev kwv yees kwv yees mus sib txawv rau cov kab sib txawv thiab cov xwm txheej muaj nyob hauv lub rooj.
Emphysema yog mob nyhav rau kev haus tshuaj. | Video (nyem mus ua si). |
Kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj tuaj yeem sib txawv - los ntawm kev tshem tawm mob taub hau mus rau kev quab yuam kom tswj hwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog sab hauv thiab lub cev. Tias yog vim li cas, txoj kev kho mob zoo yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab xav txog lub xeev dav ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau ib tus kab mob.
Txhua tus neeg uas kuaj pom tus mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum qhia rau lawv tus kws kho mob txog kev noj cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab muaj cov kab mob concomitant.
Cov tshuaj twg txwv tsis pub noj nrog kev loj hlob ntawm pathology?
Kev txo cov ntshav qab zib tsis zoo ib txwm siv nrog kev siv lwm yam tshuaj. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv qhov kev siv tsis raug cai tuaj yeem muaj kev sib tawm tsam hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev nce qib hauv qab zib. Ib qho ntxiv, ntse jumps hauv qab zib yog tshwm sim, uas tsis tuaj yeem ib txwm muaj txawm tias xaiv cov tshuaj kho kom raug thiab vim li ntawd, tus neeg mob pib ua xyem xyav txog nws tus kws kho mob uas koom nrog.
| Video (nyem mus ua si). |
Ntau zaus yog thaum mob ntshav qab zib mellitus provokes kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hlab plawv - tawg los yog lub plawv mob. Hauv kev kho kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob xws li tshuaj, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem raug kho, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kev txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin.Yog li, lub hlwb thiab cov nqaij ntawm cov ntshav qab zib nres kom teb rau cov txiav ua kab mob los ntawm insulin. Cov tshuaj no suav nrog cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- Xaiv thiab tsis xaiv-beta-blockers uas nquag txhawb chav kawm ntawm cov metabolism hauv kev ua kom rog. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov txiaj ntsig txuas ntxiv rau lipid metabolism thiab nce ntxiv hauv cov roj (cholesterol) phem. Cov sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm beta-blockers yog Anaprilin, Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol thiab Talinolol.
- Thiazide-hom diuretics, xws li Hypothiazide, Oxodoline lossis Chlortalidone.
- Calcium channel blockers nrog lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm tus mob (Verapamil thiab Nifedipine).
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov qhov kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj saum toj no nrog cov tshuaj uas tsis cuam tshuam txog qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav thiab cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj nruab nrab. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov sawv cev ntawm calcium channel blockers nrog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau cov tshuaj uas tsis tsuas yog txwv rau cov ntshav qab zib, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau nws qhov kev sim siab. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- qee hom kev tswj kom tsis txhob muaj menyuam (tshwj xeeb los ntawm pab pawg ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov ncauj) ꓼ
- glucocorticoids, uas yog cov tshuaj tua kabmob adrenal
- tricyclic antidepressantside
- qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kab mob TB (nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom thim tawm ntawm isoniazid) ꓼ
- pw tsaug zog tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm barbituratesꓼ
- tshuaj thiab cov vitamins complex nyob raws li nicotinic acidꓼ
- tshuaj tua kab mob xws li doxycyclineꓼ
- pancreatic cov tshuaj hormones ꓼ
- kev loj hlob hormoneꓼ
- tshuaj uas txhawb alpha thiab beta adrenergic receptorsꓼ
- cov tshuaj uas yog qee cov tshuaj qog ntshav (thyroxine thiab triiodothyronine) ꓼ
- qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob (diazoxide).
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj piam thaj, uas feem ntau ua rau mob ntshav qab zib. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav qabzib (thiab tsis suav nrog hauv cov tshuaj ntshav qog ntshav ntshav) yog:
- Antibacterial tshuaj los ntawm chav kawm ntawm sulfonamides.
- Ethyl haus cawv.
- Amphetamine (tshuaj muaj yees).
- Qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv anticholesterol (fibrates).
- Pentoxifylline, feem ntau siv los kho kab mob vascular.
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj cytostatic uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev txhim kho mob qog nqaij hlav lossis mob pob txha tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis cov kua nplaum.
Tau ntau xyoo, tsis tawm tsam kev tawm tsam kub siab?
Lub taub hau ntawm lub koom haum: “Koj yuav xav tsis thoob tias yooj yim npaum li cas kho kho ntshav siab los ntawm kev noj nws txhua hnub.
Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib yam kab mob tsis kaj siab uas ua rau tus neeg mob muaj kev tsis xis nyob. Hmoov tsis zoo, ntshav qab zib yog Qib 3 hauv kev tuag. Tsuas yog cov kab mob plawv thiab oncological "outstrip" nws. Tam sim no, cov kev kawm txog cov qauv kev kho mob niaj hnub tau muab tso rau tsoomfwv qib siab hauv cov thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb, vim tias mob ntshav qab zib yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev tiv thaiv kabmob raws sijhawm thiab kev tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ntau yam mob. Kev tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias kev tswj glycemic txo thiab zoo rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ob qho tib si micro- thiab macroangiopathy. Kev tswj cov glycemia thiab kev saib xyuas tas li ntawm cov ntshav siab thiaj li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov ischemic kab mob thiab cerebrovascular. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib yog kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev them nyiaj ntawm cov metabolism hauv plab tsis txaus.Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis tuaj yeem kho kom tus kab mob zoo li no, tab sis muaj lub sijhawm los tswj nws nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj tshiab rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 thiab ua rau lub neej muaj sia.
Peb cov nyeem tau ntse siv ReCardio los kho kev mob ntshav siab. Pom qhov nrov ntawm cov khoom no, peb tau txiav txim siab muab nws rau koj kom txaus siab.
Nyeem ntxiv no ...
Tshuaj tswj xyuas ntshav qab zib hom 2
Yog tias muaj suab thaj hauv cov ntshav thiab kev kuaj mob uas tsis txaus siab tau ua - ntshav qab zib, thawj qhov uas xav ua yog hloov pauv koj txoj kev ua neej. Nws yuav xav tau kev pab cuam kom txo qhov hnyav, ua kom lub cev. Tsuas yog txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev kho mob. Tab sis lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom txo qis qab zib hauv lub cev rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab tseem tsim nyog siv rau cov tshuaj. Ib txwm, tsis muaj ib qho kev pabcuam khomob dav dav; txhua tus neeg mob lub cev yog tus neeg.
Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias thawj qhov kev paub tshwj xeeb uas tau kuaj pom ntshav qab zib yuav tsum ua yog coj tshuaj Metformin rau tus neeg mob. Nov yog thawj theem ntawm kev kho tshuaj (Yog tias tsis muaj contraindications). Cov tshuaj yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov piam thaj, pab kom poob phaus, thiab tseem muaj cov npe me ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim (qhov tseem ceeb!) Thiab tus nqi qis.
Muaj ntau cov tshuaj rau hom ntshav qab zib hom 2. Lawv tau muab faib ua pab pawg:
- Kev Loj Loj.
- Sulfonylurea npaj.
- Thiazolidinediones (glitazones).
- Qhuas cov neeg tswj hwm (glinids).
- Α-glucosidase inhibitors.
- Incretinomimetics.
- Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor - IV.
Qee qhov tshuaj nyhav loj tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no, txawm hais tias lawv tau pib siv los tiv thaiv mob ntshav qab zib ntau dua li ib nrab xyoo dhau los. Tab sis qee qhov ntawm lawv tag kev cia siab thiab tsis raug coj los siv tam sim no. Yog li, Fenformin thiab Buformin tsis siv vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob tshwm sim - lactate acidosis. Tsuas yog cov tshuaj uas tau tuav nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau kev kho niaj hnub yog Metformin.
Metformin muaj ntau yam hais txog tib neeg lub cev, pab txo cov suab thaj:
- ua ke nrog insulin txo qhov tsim tawm ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm daim siab, ua kom rhiab ntawm hepatocytes. Raws li txoj kev, nws nce cov synthesis ntawm glycogen thiab txo cov glycogenolysis,
- txhim kho qhov kev ua ntawm insulin, nce tus naj npawb ntawm receptors,
- pab txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev tso tawm hauv qab ntawm lub cev,
- xyaum nullifying qhov kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv, smoothes tawm qhov exacerbation ntawm glycemia. Cov nyhuv no yog vim muaj tus nqi txo ntawm cov hnyuv ntxuav thiab lub plab nyhuv me me,
- txhim kho kev siv cov kua nplaum hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Yog li, qhov kev ua ntawm Metformin yog tswj tsis yog ntau rau kev tshem tawm qhov ua rau muaj mob ntshav qab zib kom zoo li thaiv kev nce ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj. Tsis tas li, ib qho tsis tuaj yeem nco ntsoov qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm kev txo qis pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis thiab nws ua tau siab zoo los ntawm cov neeg mob.
Kev noj tshuaj Metformin pib nrog kev txhaj tshuaj me (500 mg ib zaug lossis ob zaug ib hnub) nrog pluas noj. Yog tias nyob hauv ib lub lim tiam cov tshuaj no nqus tau los ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev kom zoo, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, ces qhov koob tshuaj tau kho ob npaug.
Tsom ntsoov ntawm Metformin, ib qho tsis tuaj yeem hais tias cov tshuaj tau muab rau, tau tawm ntawm nws tus kheej thiab tau ploj mus rau tom qab hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub. Nws yog thiab tseem muaj txoj sia, uas tau cawm ntau tus neeg txoj sia los ntawm ib tus kab mob insidious. Tab sis them rau tribute rau tiam tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog qhov tsim nyog.
Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog ua raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm insulin secretion (Daim Duab 1). Cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ntawm cov txiav, kaw cov ATP-nkag siab poov tshuaj raws ntawm lub cell daim nyias nyias thiab qhib cov calcium uas ua haujlwm (Ca2 +). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias cov tshuaj no tsuas cuam tshuam nrog kev lees txais pancreatic, kaw nws cov poov tshuaj raws.ATPK cov kab ntawv yog pom hauv lub plawv cov leeg, thiab hauv cov neurons, thiab hauv epithelium, thiab lawv cov kaw yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev.
Txoj kev kho mob feem ntau yog pib nrog kev noj tshuaj tsawg tshaj plaws, nce ib hlis ib zaug kom ua tiav cov ntshav qab zib uas xav tau.
Phiv los ntawm sulfonylurea pawg ntawm cov tshuaj:
- tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov nyob tus yeees ntawm cov ntshav,
- ntshav qab zib,
- hnyav
- kev plob tsis so tswj
- khaus thiab tawm pob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij,
- hepatotoxicity.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv pab pawg no:
- Glibenclamide,
- Euglucon,
- Glimepiride
- Glipizide,
- Glycvidon, thiab lwm yam.
Pab pawg no cov tshuaj cuam tshuam rau receptors thiab txwv kom muab cais raws li tiam tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic. Cov receptors uas cov tshuaj cuam tshuam nrog tsuas yog nyob ntawm cov xaim xov tooj ntawm adipose thiab cov leeg nqaij. Ib qho kev nce hauv insulin rhiab heev nyob rau hauv cov nqaij thiab lub siab yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv kev hais tawm ntawm cov neeg coob tus tseem hwv ntawm cov protein ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj ntsha thiab kua nplaum.
Hauv Lavxias Lavxias, 2 cov tshuaj los ntawm cov pawg saum toj no tau sau npe thiab pom zoo rau kev siv:
Cov tshuaj no tsis haum rau cov neeg mob hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, yog tias muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm ntawm qib 3-4 thiab muaj qhov nce ntawm hepatic transamisan los ntawm 3 lossis ntau zaus. Nws yog txwv tsis pub siv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab thaum lactation.
Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias thiazolidions (glitazones) muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Thaum kho nrog rosiglitazone txhua hnub (4 mg thaum thawj lub lis piam thiab 8 mg ntxiv yog tias tsis muaj kev mob tshwm sim), qib glycemia poob qis los ntawm 1-2 mmol / l thiab 2-3 mmol / l, ntsig txog.
Cov no yog cov yeeb yaj kiab luv luv uas txo cov ntshav qab zib vim muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm insulin ntau lawm. Qhuas cov neeg tswj hwm pub rau koj kom tswj tau qib ntawm glycemia tam sim ntawd tom qab noj mov.
Zoo li sulfonylureas, cov kev qhuab qhia pom txog kev cuam tshuam rau cov txiav txim siab los ntawm kaw qhov ATPK-nkag siab ntawm lub cell daim nyias nyias thiab qhib cov calcium calcium (Ca2 +). Cov calcium nkag mus β-cov hlwb tseem ua rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Qhov sib txawv yog tias cov pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj cuam tshuam rau ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm β-hlwb.
Cov tshuaj nram qab no ntawm cov pab pawg tau tso npe nyob hauv Russia:
Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov tshuaj uas muaj cov nyhuv hypoglycemic vim qhov hloov chaw ntawm cov carbohydrates uas muaj peev xwm ua los ntawm thaiv qhov chaw khi ntawm cov enzymes ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev nqus ntawm undesirable carbohydrates hauv ntshav qab zib.
Hauv tebchaws Russia, tsuas yog ib tus inhibitor raug lees paub - Acarbose. Hauv qab ntawm cov tshuaj no, qhov muaj cov carbohydrates tsis txo qis, tab sis lawv cov kev ua haujlwm qeeb qeeb, thiaj li tiv thaiv kev dhia ntse hauv qab zib.
Cov tshuaj muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txiav, ua ib feem ntawm nws cov haujlwm, yog li tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev qaug.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm Acarbose yog ib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tau ci ntsa iab tshaj plaws. Hauv cov pab pawg tsom tom qab nrog cov tsis hnov qab cov ntshav qab zib, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho tus kab mob tsawg dua li ib feem peb, los ntawm 37%!
Cov tshuaj ntau zuj zus (glucagon-zoo li polypeptide-1 receptor agonists)
Thawj cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no tau lees paub los ntawm cov zej zog kev kho mob hauv ntiaj teb yog Exenatide. Cov incretins yog cov tshuaj hormones ntawm lub plab zom zaub mov, nws yog nrog lawv txoj haujlwm uas qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib tau txuas nrog. Thaum noj mov, ntau cov tshuaj hormones yog tsim los ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov, ua haujlwm ntawm lub zais zis thiab kev nqus ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig. Ua nyob rau hauv qib qib hormonal, exenatide txhawb kev tsim tawm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin thiab maj mam nqis ntawm glucagon, thiaj li tswj tau cov ntshav qab zib kom ib txwm muaj.
Kev kho mob sab nrauv pib nrog 5 mcg 2 zaug hauv ib hnub rau ib teev. Tom qab ib hlis, cov koob tshuaj tuaj yeem muab ob npaug.Tom qab koj pib noj cov tshuaj rau tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 no, feem ntau, pom tias xeev siab, dhau tom qab ob rau peb lub lis piam.
Cov tshuaj tshiab tshaj plaws, uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov tshuaj khw tam sim no, hu ua sitagliptin. Cov nyhuv pharmacological zoo heev ntawm cov tshuaj zoo sib xws rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm exenatide, sib tham txog saum toj no nkaus xwb, raws li cov tshuaj hormones ntawm txoj hnyuv huam. Tab sis cov tshuaj nws tsis yog ib hom incretin mimetics! Muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuaj insulin teb ib txhij nrog txo qis hauv glucagon ntau lawm nrog kev nce ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj hauv cov neeg mob cov ntshav.
Sitagliptin raug soj ntsuam ntau zaus, thiab lub zej zog kev kho mob thoob ntiaj teb tuaj mus rau cov lus pom hauv qab no:
- Cov tshuaj pab cuam rau ib qho tseem ceeb txo qis hauv yoo ntshav ntshav qabzib.
- Txhawb txoj kev txo qis hauv plasma cov ntshav qab zib tom qab noj mov.
- Txo cov glycated hemoglobin mus rau theem li.
- Txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm β-hlwb.
Qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj kuj yog tias nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lub cev qhov hnyav, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv nyab xeeb txawm tias cov neeg mob rog rog. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj yog qhov ntev, qhov kev pom zoo zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm yog 1 zaug nyob rau ib hnub.
Kev lag luam kws kho mob niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam tshuaj ntawm qab zib-rau qis. Tab sis cov kws tshaj lij koom siab tshaj tawm hais tias yog kev noj zaub mov nruj thiab ntau kawg ntawm cov ntshav qab zib kom txo qis cov tshuaj tsis coj qhov tshwm sim tuaj thiab glycemia tsis thim rov qab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau pib kho cov tshuaj insulin. Ua ke nrog cov pab pawg tau hais los saum toj ntawm cov tshuaj tshiab no, insulins tso cai tswj tau txhua theem ntawm cov ntshav qab zib theem ntawm tus neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2. Tsis txhob ua yam tsis muaj kev kho tshuaj insulin yog tias, vim li cas los xij, kev phais mob yog qhia rau tus mob ntshav qab zib.
Niaj hnub insulins
Cov yeeb yam luv luv (6-8 teev):
- Insuman Sai Sai,
- Humulin Tsis tu ncua,
- Actrapid NM.
Cov tshuaj insulin ultrasonic (3-4 teev):
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntev (12-16 teev):
- Protafan NM,
- Humulin NPH,
- Insuman basal.
Cov insulins ntev-kev ua haujlwm (16-29 teev):
Insulins nkaus ua ke:
- Humulin MZ,
- Tsim Meej
- Mikstard NM,
- Insuman Comb.
Txoj kev kho kom tswj tau cov ntshav qab zib ib txwm xaiv tau rau txhua tus neeg mob, suav nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab lub cev xav txog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Thaum kuaj pom tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 sai, Metformin raug tshuaj. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav theem ntawm glycemia, cov tshuaj tshiab ntawm tib pawg los yog kev sib koom ua ke yuav tau xaiv.
Saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv zoo!
Dyslipidemia nyob hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qabzib (qab zib)
- Kev sib koom tes
- Zawv siab
- Varicose leeg
- Ntsia cov pwm
- Wrinkle sib ntaus sib tua
- Ntshav siab (tawg)
Ntsiav tshuaj dawb, puag ncig, biconvex.
Cov neeg siv: microcrystalline cellulose - 80.76 mg, povidone - 8.64 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 1.8 mg, croscarmellose sodium - 7 mg, magnesium stearate - 1.8 mg.
10 Pcs - hlwv (3) - pob khoom los ntawm cardboard.
Acetazolamide yog cov kab mob ua rau carbonic anhydrase inhibitor nrog cov kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog. Carbonic anhydrase (KA) yog ib qho enzyme koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom dej ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab ua kom lub cev qhuav dej ntawm carbonic acid. Kev txwv tsis pub carbonic anhydrase txo cov kev tsim ntawm bicarbonate ions, tom qab kev txo qis hauv sodium thauj mus rau hauv lub hlwb. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv tshuaj Diacarb yog vim lub txiaj ntsig ntawm kev thov ntawm lub lwg me: vascular plexuses ntawm lub paj hlwb, qhov sib thooj ntawm nephron, ciliary lub cev ntawm lub qhov muag, cov ntshav liab.
Acetazolamide yog siv los kho cov kab mob cerebrospinal kua dej tsis txaus thiab intracranial kub siab los ntawm kev txo cov dej cawv cerebrospinal ntau dhau nyob ntawm qib vascular plexuses ntawm lub paj hlwb.Qhov kev txwv tsis pub carbonic anhydrase nyob hauv ependymocytes ntawm lub vascular plexus txo qhov tshaj tawm tsis zoo hauv lub hlwb ependymal thiab txo qhov gradient pom ntawm ntshav mus rau hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm lub ventricles ntawm lub hlwb.
Acetazolamide yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob syematous vim muaj cov nyhuv diuretic tsis muaj zog. Raws li qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm carbonic anhydrase hauv thaj tsam ze ntawm nephron, muaj qhov txo qis ntawm kev tsim cov carbonic acid thiab txo qis hauv kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm bicarbonate thiab Na + los ntawm tubule epithelium, thiab yog li ntawd, tso dej nce ntxiv. Acetazolamide tsub kom muaj qhov zam ntxiv ntawm bicarbonates, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob metabolic acidosis. Acetazolamide ua rau lub raum tsis cuam tshuam phosphates, magnesium, calcium, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm metabolic. Tshaj li 3 hnub tom qab ntawm kev kho, Reabsorption ntawm Na + nyob rau hauv lub distal nephron yog compensatory qhib, txo cov nyhuv diuretic ntawm cov tshuaj Diacarb.
Tom qab 3 hnub txij li hnub pib siv, acetazolamide poob nws cov diuretic zog. Tom qab so kho mob rau ob peb hnub, cov tshuaj kho tshiab acetazolamide rov ua dua cov nyhuv diuretic vim qhov kev kho dua qub ntawm cov haujlwm qub ntawm carbonic anhydrase ntawm qhov tsis sib xws nephron.
Acetazolamide yog siv los kho kho mob qog ntshav. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim kev lom zem ntawm lub qhov muag, bicarbonate ions nquag thauj mus rau hauv chav sab nraud los ntawm cytoplasm ntawm cov hlwb tsis muaj xim los them rau qhov gradient ntawm ions zoo vim yog nquag thauj Na + ions. CA inhibitors thaiv kev tsim cov carbonic acid, yog li txo qis tsim HCO3 -. Thaum tsis muaj txaus ntawm HCO ions3 - qhov zoo ntawm ion gradient nce, uas ua rau muaj kev txo qis ntawm kev zais cia ntawm aqueous kev lom zem. Kev txwv tsis pub ntawm carbonic anhydrase ntawm ciliary lub cev txo qis kev zais ntawm aqueous kev lom zem ntawm chav siab ua ntej ntawm lub qhov muag, uas txo cov ntshav siab intraocular. Kev zam rau cov nyhuv no tsis loj hlob. Thaum noj tshuaj Acetazolamide, ophthalmotonus pib txo qis tom qab 40-60 feeb, qhov siab tshaj plaws tau pom tom qab 3-5 teev, kev tso siab ntawm intraocular tseem qis dua thawj theem pib rau 6-12 teev. Ntawm qhov nruab nrab, intraocular siab poob qis los ntawm 40-60% los ntawm theem pib.
Cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab yog siv los ua qhov txuas rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev mob vwm, vim tias kev txwv tsis pub ntawm carbonic anhydrase hauv hlwb lub paj hlwb inhibits pathological excitability.
Acetazolamide zoo nqus tau los ntawm cov hnyuv. Tom qab noj cov tshuaj hauv sab hauv 500 koob Cmax cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog 12-27 μg / ml thiab ua tiav tom qab 1-3 teev. Qhov tsawg kawg ntshav plasma concentration ntawm acetazolamide tswj tau 24 teev tom qab siv tshuaj.
Kev faib khoom thiab cov metabolism
Nws faib tshwj xeeb hauv cov qe ntshav liab, ntshav ntshav thiab hauv ob lub raum, kom muaj qis dua - hauv lub siab, cov leeg, pob muag thiab lub paj hlwb. Nkag tau los ntawm thaj chaw tso nyom, tso rau hauv qhov tsawg nrog kua mis.
Nws tsis nthuav tawm hauv cov nqaij thiab tsis sib txuas hauv lub cev.
Nws yog tawm los ntawm lub raum tsis hloov pauv. Li ntawm 90% ntawm cov koob tshuaj tau tawm hauv cov zis hauv 24 teev.
- edematous syndrome (mob sib khuav lossis mob hnyav, nrog rau alkalosis),
- daws ntawm kev mob hnyav ntawm lub ntsej muag, kev npaj ua ntej rau cov neeg mob, cov plaub hau ntev (los ntawm kev kho tus mob glaucoma) (hauv txoj kev kho nyuaj),
- nrog qaug dab peg ua kev kho mob ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas hlwb,
- mob "siab-qhov chaw siab" (cov tshuaj txo lub sijhawm ntawm acclimatization),
- liquorodynamic tsis meej, intracranial tawg (benign intracranial tawg, intracranial tawg tom qab ventricular bypass phais) nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho.
- mob raum tsis ua haujlwm,
- mob rau daim siab ua haujlwm (muaj kev pheej hmoo txhim kho encephalopathy),
- Kuv muaj menyuam hauv plab,
- menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos,
- Hypersensitivity rau cov tshuaj.
Nrog saib xyuas: edema ntawm hepatic thiab lub raum keeb kwm, kev coj ua ib txhij nrog acetylsalicylic acid (koob tshuaj ntau dua 300 mg / hnub), pulmonary embolism thiab emphysema (kev pheej hmoo ntawm acidosis), II thiab III trimesters ntawm cev xeeb tub.
Cov tshuaj yog noj ntawm qhov ncauj, nruj me ntsis raws li kws kho mob sau tseg.
Yog tias ploj ntawm cov tshuaj, koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub ntxiv.
Thaum pib kho, noj 250 mg thaum sawv ntxov. Yuav kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog noj Diacarb 1 zaug / hnub txhua lwm hnub lossis 2 hnub nyob rau hauv kab nrog ib-hnub so. Nce nce lub koob tshuaj tsis txhim kho cov nyhuv diuretic.
Diacarb yuav tsum tau ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho mob nyuaj.
Rau cov neeg laus ntawm qhib lub ntsej muag daj ntseg cov tshuaj yog sau ntawv hauv koob tshuaj 250 mg 1-4 zaug / hnub. Cov koob tshuaj ntau dhau 1000 mg tsis nce nce nyhuv kho mob. Ntawm glaucoma theem nrab cov tshuaj yog sau ntawv hauv koob tshuaj 250 mg txhua 4 teev nyob rau hnub. Hauv qee cov neeg mob, qhov kev kho mob nyhuv yog pom tshwm tom qab kev tswj xyuas lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm 250 mg 2 zaug / hnub. Ntawm tawm tsam mob txhaus hnyav - 250 mg 4 zaug / hnub.
Cov menyuam hnub nyoog dhau 3 xyoos ntawm glaucoma tawm tsam - 10-15 mg / kg lub cev hnyav / hnub hauv 3-4 koob.
Tom qab 5 hnub ntawm kev pub nkag, coj sijhawm so rau 2 hnub. Nrog rau kev kho mob ntev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sau cov tshuaj poov tshuaj npaj, cov poov tshuaj-sparing noj.
Ntawm npaj rau kev phais mob tsa 250-500 mg ib hnub ua ntej thiab thaum sawv ntxov hnub phais.
Koob tshuaj rau ntawm cov neeg laus: 250-500 mg / hnub hauv 1 koob rau 3 hnub, nyob rau hnub 4 so.
Nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj acetazolamide nrog lwm cov tshuaj anticonvulsants, 250 mg 1 zaug / hnub yog siv thaum pib kho, maj mam nce cov koob tshuaj yog tias tsim nyog.
Koob tshuaj rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog tshaj 3 xyoos: 8-30 mg / kg / hnub, muab faib ua 1-4 koob. Qhov siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub noj tshuaj yog 750 mg.
Mob “chaw siab tshaj” tus kab mob
Kev pom zoo ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib koob ntawm 500-1000 mg / hnub yog qhov pom zoo. Thaum muaj ascent ceev ceev - 1000 mg / hnub.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv 24-48 teev ua ntej nce toj. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob, kev kho mob tau txuas ntxiv mus rau 48 teev lossis ntev dua, yog tias tsim nyog.
Liquorodynamic tsis sib haum, kub siab intracranial
Kev siv cov tshuaj hauv ib koob ntawm 250 mg / hnub lossis 125-250 mg txhua 8-12 teev pom zoo. Qhov kev kho mob siab tshaj plaws tau ua tiav thaum kev txhaj tshuaj 750 mg / hnub noj. Txhawm rau kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob kom zoo, kev tswj hwm txhua hnub tsis siv sij hawm tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua.
Cov kev xav tau yam tsis raug xaiv tau muab cais raws li qhov muaj ntau zaus tshwm sim thiab raws li cov nruab nrog cev thiab kab ke. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no ntawm kev muaj ntau zaus ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xav tau raug lees paub: feem ntau (> 1/10), feem ntau (> 1/100, 1/1000, 1/10 000,
Cov tshuaj "Diacarb" muaj cov nyhuv diuretic me me, txo ntshav siab rau sab hauv pob txha taub hau, tshem tawm kev tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsej muag txhawm rau, thiab tiv thaiv kev qaug dab peg. Cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm nce cov ntshav qabzib ntau dua, yog li mob ntshav qab zib mellitus "Diacarb" tsis pom zoo. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov xav tau, cov khoom lag luam tsuas yog siv raws li tus kws kho mob qhia.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog acetazolamide. Kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj yog ua raws li kev tsuj ntawm cov kev ua ntawm enzyme carbonoxidase hauv cov hlab ntsha hlaus, qhov muag thiab cov leeg nqaij. Ib zaug hauv lub cev, nws nqus tawm sai sai ntawm lub plab zom mov. Cov tshuaj muaj cov teeb meem hauv qab no:
- diuretic - txo qhov thim rov qab nqus ntawm sodium ions, nce cov kua tshem tawm, cov poov tshuaj, magnesium, calcium ions,
- antiglaucoma - txo cov hluavtaws ua kua hluavtaws hauv cov kabmob sab nraud ophthalmic chamber, txo qhov siab nyob hauv lub qhov muag,
- lowers siab sab hauv pob txha taub hau - inhibits cerebrospinal kua tsim thiab normalizes nws outflow,
- antiepileptic - thaiv kev cuam tshuam cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cerebral cortex.
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dawb biconvex ntsiav tshuaj rau lub qhov ncauj tswj hwm uas muaj 250 mg ntawm acetazolamide. Hauv cov tsev muag tshuaj, cov tshuaj muaj muag hauv pob ntawm 12, 24, 30 pcs. hauv lub hlwv.Cov tshuaj pab ntxiv yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, talc, hmoov txhuv nplej siab sodium glycolate lossis silicon oxide, povidone, microcrystalline cellulose, thiab magnesium stearate.
Vim nws cov teebmeem ntau, Diakarb ntsiav tshuaj noj ob leeg nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj noj thiab ua rau nws tus kheej. Nws yog qhia rau siv nyob rau hauv kab mob hauv qab no pathological thiab kab mob:
Cov tshuaj no feem ntau kho rau kev o nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob.
- o tuaj
- glaucoma (txo qis hauv sab hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag thaum muaj mob hnyav lossis npaj rau kev phais mob),
- epilepsy (kev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb),
- kub siab hauv lub cranium,
- ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom ntawm endolymph ntawm lub pob ntseg sab hauv,
- kev ua kom nrawm ntawm kev hloov kho hauv roob mob,
- kev tso tawm ntawm uric acid ntsev rau hauv cov pob qij txha,
- kev pom tshwm sim ntawm tus mob premenstrual syndrome.
Hauv kev kho mob ntev, "Diakarbom" yuav tsum tau kuaj ib zaug txhua 1-2 lub lis piam, soj ntsuam cov xaim electrolyte, platelet suav, thiab lub cev cov kua qaub-lub hauv paus kev tshuav nyiaj li cas.
Cov kev kho mob qhov ntau thiab ntau npaum li cas sib txawv raws li cov kab mob, hnub nyoog, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj, tsis hais lub sijhawm noj mov. Cov tshuaj no siv tau rau 12 teev. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj txo qis tom qab 3 hnub tom qab pib ua haujlwm, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob tom qab 3 hnub 1-2 hnub tau raug coj. Nws tsis pom zoo kom haus cov tshuaj rau ntau tshaj ib lub lim tiam vim qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev mob plab metabolic acidosis. Kev kwv yees kwv yees mus sib txawv rau cov kab sib txawv thiab cov xwm txheej muaj nyob hauv lub rooj.
Ntsiav tshuaj dawb, puag ncig, biconvex.
Cov muaj tswv yim: microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, croscarmellose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate.
10 Pcs - blister packs (3) - pob ntawv ntawm cardboard.
Diuretic los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm carbonic anhydrase inhibitors nrog kev ua si tsis muaj zog. Lub tshuab kev ua ntawm kev coj ua cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tso tawm Na + thiab H + ions hauv carbonic acid molecule. Kev txwv tsis pub los ntawm cov kev ua ntawm carbonic anhydrase los ntawm Diacarb inhibits kev sib txuas ntawm cov carbonic acid nyob rau ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov nephron. Kev tsis muaj cov carbonic acid, uas yog lub hauv H + ions xav tau los hloov nrog Na + ions, ua rau kom muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm sodium thiab dej los ntawm lub raum. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tso tawm ntau ntawm sodium nyob rau hauv qhov tsis sib luag ntawm nephron, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm Diakarb, hloov ntawm Na + ions nrog K + ions nce, uas ua rau muaj kev poob ntau ntawm cov potassium thiab kev loj hlob ntawm hypokalemia. Diacarb tsub kom muaj qhov zam ntxiv ntawm bicarbonates, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm metabolic acidosis. Diacarb ua rau tso zis tawm ntawm phosphate, magnesium, calcium, uas tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom noj hauv lub cev tsis ua haujlwm.
Tom qab 3 hnub txij li hnub pib siv, Diakarb poob nws cov diuretic zog. Tom qab so kho mob rau ob peb hnub, tus kws kho mob tshiab tau txais Diacarb rov ua dua cov nyhuv diuretic vim qhov kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov haujlwm qub ntawm carbonic anhydrase.
Cov kev ua haujlwm thaum muaj xwm ceev ntawm diacarb yog siv los kho kho qog ntshav. Kev txwv tsis pub ntawm ciliary carbonic anhydrase txo cov kev zais cia ntawm aqueous lom zem ntawm chav siab ua ntej ntawm lub qhov muag, uas txo cov teeb meem siab.
Cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab yog siv los ua qhov txuas rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev puas hlwb. Kev txwv tsis pub carbonic anhydrase hauv cov leeg hlwb ntawm lub paj hlwb inhibits pathological excitability.
Diacarb yog siv los kho cov kab mob cerebrospinal kua dej tsis txaus ntseeg thiab mob ntshav txhaws. Cov tshuaj inhibits cov kev ua ntawm carbonic anhydrase hauv lub hlwb, tshwj xeeb, hauv plexuses ntawm lub ventricles nrog ib qho kev txo qis hauv cov kua hauv cerebrospinal.
Diacarb pauv cov kua qaub-lub xeev nyob rau hauv kev coj ua ntawm metabolic acidosis, uas yog siv los kho cov pa tsis haum, suav nrog pw tsaug zog apnea syndrome ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb.
Acetazolamide zoo nqus tau los ntawm cov hnyuv. Tom qab cov thawj coj ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm koob tshuaj 500 mg Cmax (12-27 mcg / ml) tau tiav tom qab 1-3 teev.Hauv qhov tsis tshua muaj ntau, nws tau khaws cia hauv cov ntshav li 24 teev los ntawm lub sijhawm saib xyuas.
Kev faib khoom thiab cov metabolism
Nws tsis nthuav tawm hauv cov nqaij thiab tsis sib txuas hauv lub cev.
Acetazolamide hla lub cev placental. Ib qho me me yog tawm hauv niam cov kua mis.
Nws yog tawm los ntawm lub raum tsis hloov pauv. Tom qab noj tau, kwv yees li 90% ntawm cov koob tshuaj uas tau tso tawm hauv cov zis hauv 24 teev.
- o nrog lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm lossis tshuaj noj
- lub ntsej muag mob lub ntsej muag txhawm chim, lub ntsej muag txhaws qhov muag, lub qhov muag tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag (kom txo qis ntawm qhov mob siab nrog kev kho mob lub sijhawm luv thiab ua ntej cov txheej txheem ophthalmic uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav ntawm lub kaum-kaw qhov muag tsis pom kev)
- epilepsy (ua ke nrog lwm cov anticonvulsants) - rau qaug dab peg me me (foob me me) hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab qaug dab peg loj (grand mal) hauv cov neeg laus, nrog cov ntawv sib xyaw,
- mob qhov siab tshaj qhov mob (cov tshuaj txo lub sijhawm ntawm acclimatization, tab sis nws cov nyhuv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob nws tus kheej yog negligible),
- nce intracranial siab (benign intracranial tawg, intracranial tawg tom qab ventricular bypass phais).
Cov tshuaj tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj. Yog tias ploj ntawm cov tshuaj, tsis txhob nce lub koob tshuaj rau ntawm lub koob tshuaj tom ntej.
Qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ib tus zuj zus raws li tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj intraocular.
- 250 mg (1 tab.) 1-4 zaug / hnub.
Cov koob tshuaj saum toj no 1 g (4 ntsiav tshuaj) tsis txhim kho cov nyhuv kho.
- 250 mg (1 tab.) Txhua 4 teev twg
Hauv qee tus neeg mob, cov nyhuv kho mob tshwm sim tom qab txhaj tshuaj 250 mg (1 tab.) 2 zaug / hnub (nrog kev kho lub sijhawm luv luv).
Ntawm mob lub kaum ntse ntse-kaw lub ntsej muag daj ntseg qhov pib koob tshuaj yog 500 mg (2 ntsiav tshuaj), tom qab ntawd qhov koob tshuaj txo mus rau 125 mg (1/2 ntsiav tshuaj) lossis 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) 4 zaug / hnub.
Rau cov neeg laus sau ntawv nyob rau hauv ib koob ntawm 250-500 mg / hnub nyob rau hauv ib koob rau 3 hnub, rau hnub 4 - ib hnub so.
Nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj acetazolamide nrog lwm cov tshuaj anticonvulsants, 250 mg (1 tab.) 1 zaug / hnub siv thaum pib kho, maj mam nce cov koob tshuaj yog tias tsim nyog.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 4-12 hlis tau muab tshuaj rau hauv koob tshuaj 50 mg / hnub hauv 1-2 koob tshuaj, thaum hnub nyoog 2-3 xyoos - 50-125 mg / hnub hauv 1-2 koob, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 4-18 xyoo - 125-250 mg 1 lub sijhawm / hnub thaum sawv ntxov.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj ntau tshaj 750 mg / hnub.
Edema nrog rau kev mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm
Thawj qhov tshuaj thawj zaug yog 250-375 mg (1-1.5 tab.) 1 zaug / hnub thaum sawv ntxov.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws diuretic nyhuv yog tiav thaum noj cov tshuaj txhua lwm hnub lossis 2 hnub nyob rau hauv kab nrog ib-hnub so.
Hauv kev kho mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, Diakarb tau tawm tsam tom qab ntawm kev kho mob ua ke (piv txwv li, kev teem sij hawm ntawm kev mob plawv glycosides, cov tshuaj potassium npaj, cov pluas noj nrog cov dej qab ntsev tsawg).
O o tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj
250-375 mg (1-1.5 tab.) Nws pom zoo 1 zaug / hnub lossis 2 hnub nyob rau hauv kab nrog ib-hnub so.
Mob Siab Dub Mob Lub Siab
Kev siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib koob ntawm 500-1000 mg (2-4 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub nyob rau hauv cov koob tshuaj sib npaug yog pom zoo.
Thaum muaj ascent ceev - 1 g (4 ntsiav tshuaj) hauv ib hnub nyob rau hauv kev muab vaj huam sib luag.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv 24-48 teev ua ntej nce toj. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob, kev kho mob tau txuas ntxiv mus rau 48 teev lossis ntev dua, yog tias tsim nyog.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv Diakarb ntawm koob tshuaj 250 mg (1 tab.) Ib hnub lossis 125-250 mg (1 / 2-1 tab.) Txhua 8-12 teev.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws kho tau qhov ua tau yog thaum noj nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj 750 mg (3 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub nyob rau hauv cov sib npaug.
Nrog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov rov hais dua ntawm lumbar punctures nws muaj peev xwm siv cov tshuaj rau hauv ib koob li 500 mg 3 zaug / hnub.
Kev Kho Mob nrog Diacarb ua ke nrog kev txwv ntsev thiab dej muaj txiaj ntsig.
Los ntawm lub paj hlwb:
- paresthesia, hnov lus tsis zoo los yog ua haujlwm me me, poob tsaug zog thiab tsis meej, flaws tuag tes tuag taw, photophobia, ntshav tuag tes tuag taw.
Los ntawm lub plab zom mov:
- tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab, saj tsis nyiam, raws plab thiab polyuria, kab mob siab hepatic.
Los ntawm sab ntawm cov metabolism:
- metabolic acidosis thiab electrolyte tsis txaus, glucosuria.
Los ntawm sab ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub zeem muag:
- urticaria, anaphylaxis, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson mob, Lyell mob.
Los ntawm cov kab mob urinary:
- hlaus mob raum, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis, hematuria.
Los ntawm cov kab ke hemopoietic:
- agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia thiab mob ntshav tsis txaus, tsis muaj hlwb pob txha muaj nuj nqi, pancytopenia.
- nce kub, hnov rhiab heev rau lub teeb.
Kasatkina E.P. Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv cov menyuam yaus: monograph. , Tshuaj - M., 2011 .-- 272 p.
Betty, Nplooj Ntawv Ntshav Qab Zib Brackenridge 101: Cov Lus Qhia Yooj Yim thiab Muaj Nqis Rau Cov Neeg Uas Siv Insulin: Ib qho Monograph. / Betty Page Brackenridge, Richard O. Dolinar. - M.: Polina, 1996 .-- 192 p.
Endocrinology. Encyclopedia Kho Mob Loj, Eksmo - M., 2011. - 608 c.
Cia kuv qhia kuv tus kheej. Kuv lub npe yog Elena. Kuv tau ua haujlwm li endocrinologist rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo. Kuv ntseeg hais tias tam sim no kuv yog tus kws tshaj lij hauv kuv daim teb thiab kuv xav pab txhua tus neeg tuaj xyuas lub vev xaib kom daws qhov nyuaj thiab tsis yog li cov haujlwm. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv rau lub xaib tau sau thiab ua tib zoo ua kom tiav thiaj li xa ntau li ntau tau cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Ua ntej thov cov ntaub ntawv uas tau piav qhia hauv lub vev xaib, yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Kev Sau thiab tso cov foos
Tam sim no, Diacarb muaj nyob hauv ib daim ntawv tsuas tshuaj ntau npaum - qhov ncauj ntsiav tshuajCov. Cov ntsiav tshuaj pleev xim rau xim dawb, muaj puag ncig, biconvex duab thiab xa mus rau lub khw muag tshuaj hauv pob ntawm 10, 24 thiab 30 daim.
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ua cov khoom xyaw nquag muaj xws li acetazolamide nyob rau hauv ib qhov tshuaj ntawm 250 mg. Ntawd yog, txhua lub ntsiav tshuaj ntawm Diakarb muaj 250 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag. Raws li cov khoom siv pabcuam, cov tshuaj hauv qab no feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Diakarb ntsiav tshuaj:
- Silica colloidal
- Croscarmellose sodium,
- Microcrystalline cellulose,
- Povidone
- Magnesium stearate.
Qee zaum, hauv Diacarb ntsiav tshuaj, tsis yog cov tshuaj teev saum toj no tau siv los ua cov khoom sib txuas, tab sis cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, talc thiab sodium starch glycolate.
Ob leeg teeb tsa ntawm kev tshem tawm hauv Diacarb ntsiav tshuaj yog kev pom zoo thiab nyab xeeb. Tsuas yog thaum tsis muaj tej yam khoom siv, cov chaw tsim khoom txiav txim siab coj txawv teeb tsa ntawm kev zam. Cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog ob qho kev faib tawm ntawm lub cev tsis txawv ntawm txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev kho mob kom zoo, yog li ib qho kev xaiv twg tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob.
Tib qho yog vim li cas koj thiaj li yuav tsum paub txog cov khoom siv sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv yog qhov muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj lossis txoj kev nyiam ntawm cov tib neeg. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xaiv Diacarb nrog cov kev xaiv ntawm lub koomhaum pabcuam, tsis muaj ib tus neeg muaj qhov tsis haum. Yog tias ib tus neeg xub tau siv cov Diakarb, thiab nws tau tsim kev fab tshuaj, ces nws yuav tsum sim siv cov tshuaj nrog rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv. Yog tias muaj qhov ua xua tshwm sim ntawm koj, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj kom zoo ib yam thiab nco ntsoov rau koj tus kheej tias muaj kev fab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj acetazolamide (cov tshuaj ua kom nquag muaj).
Kho nyhuv (los ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj Diacarb)
Diacarb muaj cov kev kho mob hauv qab no:
- Diuretic kev txiav txim
- Antiepileptic siv tau
- Antiglaucoma kev txiav txim
- Txo cov siab intracranial.
Diuretic kev txiav txim Diakarba txheeb ze rau lwm cov tshuaj diuretics yog tsis muaj zog, tab sis kuj pom tseeb. Lub tshuab ntawm cov txheej txheem diuretic ntawm Diakarb yog xws li ntawd, nrog kev tso zis ntau ntxiv, cov pa roj ntau ntau yog tawm ntawm lub cev ib txhij nrog cov kua. Yog vim li cas, tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev siv Diakarb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov tshuaj potassium ntxiv (piv txwv li Asparkam, Panangin, Aspangin, thiab lwm yam) txhawm rau kom rov ua dua qhov qub ntawm cov microelement no hauv cov ntshav thiab cov hlwb, thiab tiv thaiv hypokalemia (potassium concentration hauv cov ntshav qis dua qauv).
Tsis tas li, Diacarb nce tso zis ntau ntxiv ntawm phosphates, magnesium thiab calcium, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj tsawg dua cov poov tshuaj.Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev siv ntev ntawm Diacarb (ntev dua 2 lub lim tiam sib law liag), nws tseem yuav tsum tau khaws qhov no hauv siab thiab coj cov calcium ntxiv, magnesium thiab phosphorus npaj mus tiv thaiv kev txhim kho kev zom zaub mov.
Lub tshuab ntawm kev ua ntawm Diakarb yog xws li tias tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev siv, nws poob nws cov nyhuv diuretic. Yog li, kev noj cov tshuaj kom txhawm rau tshem cov kua dej ntawm lub cev rau ntau dua peb hnub sib law liag tsuas yog siv tsis tau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tom qab 2 rau 3 hnub ntawm kev noj Diakarb, so lub sijhawm ntev li 1 mus rau 3 hnub, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj dua pib muaj cov nyhuv diuretic. Tias yog vim li cas Diacarb yuav tsum tsis txhob noj txuas ntxiv, tab sis nrog kev so luv, kom cov tshuaj tsis poob nws cov nyhuv diuretic.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov nyhuv diuretic, Diakarb kuj muaj antiglaucoma kev txiav txim, ntawd yog, txo qhov tso siab. Cov tshuaj yuav txo cov dej noo nyob rau hauv chav ua ntej ntawm lub qhov muag thiab, yog li, txo cov ntshav siab intraocular.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Diakarb txo cov dej noo tsim nyob rau hauv lub ventricles ntawm lub hlwb thiab cerebrospinal kua, uas pab ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntawm cerebrospinal kua thiab txo qis intracranial siabCov. Yog li, cov tshuaj feem ntau siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam mob cuam tshuam nrog kev mob siab ntxiv ntawm intracranial.
Antiepileptic siv tau Diakarba yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj nres foci ntawm pathological excitability hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb.
Ntxiv rau cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb qhia, hauv kev soj ntsuam kev siv, kev phiv los ntawm cov tshuaj no yog siv - lub peev xwm los ua kom cov metabolic acidosis. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov metabolic acidosis tshem tawm txoj kev ua pa nyuaj, suav nrog kev ua pa tsaug zog.
Cov kev cai dav dav ntawm kev siv
Cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj, tsis hais txog zaub mov, nqos lawv tag nrho, tsis muaj yoov, ntxo lossis tsoo lwm qhov, tab sis nrog dej kom ntau (ib nrab khob yog txaus).
Yog tias koj ua yuam kev rov qab noj dua li ntawm Diakarb, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ob npaug rau hnub tom qab, sim ua kom rov nce cov tshuaj hauv lub cev. Qhov tseeb yog tias kev noj cov tshuaj Diakarb ntau ntau dhau ntawm cov koob tshuaj pom zoo tsis txhim kho cov nyhuv diuretic, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua rau nws tsis muaj zog. Yog li, kev noj cov tshuaj Diakarb ntau ntau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, tab sis nws yuav tsis muaj diuretic nyhuv txhua.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau noj cov tshuaj thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tav su, txhawm rau kom nws nyob twj ywm rau hauv chav dej thiab tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev nquag tsim thaum hmo ntuj vim kev tso zis.
Diacarb regimen
Txij li thaum siv Diakarb rau ntau tshaj peb hnub sib law liag ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tag nrho ntawm cov diuretic nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj, cov tswvyim ntawm nws siv yog ib txwm sib quas ntus. Kev so hauv kev noj Diakarb yog qhov tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub cev kom so thiab rov zoo, thiab cov tshuaj dua tau pib muaj cov nyhuv diuretic ntau li ntau tau.
Tam sim no, Cov kab mob Diakarb hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv:
1. Noj tshuaj ntau npaum ntawm Diacarb ntsiav tshuaj txhua lwm hnub,
2. Siv tshuaj ntsiav rau hauv cov koob tshuaj uas xav tau rau ob hnub sib law liag, tom qab ntawd so ib hnub rau ib hnub. Tom qab so, haus cov tshuaj ntxiv rau ob hnub uake, tom qab ntawd so ib hnub rau ib hnub, thiab lwm yam,
3. Siv cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv cov koob tshuaj uas xav tau rau peb hnub sib law liag, tom qab siv sijhawm li 1 rau 2 hnub. Tom qab so, noj tshuaj ntxiv rau peb hnub, tom qab ntawd ces nres ib pliag hauv kev txais tos, thiab lwm yam.
Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm txoj kev kho tau tsuas yog suav hnub uas tau noj cov ntsiav tshuaj. Piv txwv li, yog tias nws tau qhia tias Diacarb yuav tsum noj nyob hauv 10 hnub, qhov no txhais tau hais tias tsis yog tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho tus mob yuav tsum yog 10 hnub, thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum haus cawv kom tag nrho 10 hnub, tsis txhob coj mus rau hauv qhov chaw so.Yog tias tus kws kho mob qhia txog lub sijhawm kho, kho mus rau hauv lub sijhawm so, tom qab ntawd nws qhia qhov sib cais no, tsom mus rau tus neeg ntawm cov ncauj lus tseem ceeb no.
Cov cim ntsig txog kev siv rau Diacarb yog siv rau ntau yam kabmob. Ntxiv mus, yog tias cov tshuaj noj lossis cov txheej txheem tshuaj rau qee qhov laj thawj tsis haum rau tus neeg, tom qab ntawd tsis hais tus kabmob twg siv rau Diakarb, nws tuaj yeem xaiv ib ntawm peb txoj hauv kev xaiv rau kev siv tshuaj.
Diacarb Nquag Muab Tshuaj
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm Diakarb thiab cov txheej txheem rau nws siv yog txawv rau cov kabmob sib txawv thiab tej yam kev mob. Xav txog kev noj tshuaj thiab kev cai ntawm cov tshuaj rau ntau yam kabmob sib cais, kom tsis muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
Diacarb hauv edematous syndrome. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj thaum pib kev kho mob ntawm 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug txhua hnub. Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem noj 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib hnub ob hnub sib law liag, tom qab ntawd so ib hnub rau ib hnub, thiab lwm yam. Yog li, txoj kev ua no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog rau ib hnub so ntawm ob hnub tom qab ob hnub ntawm kev noj tshuaj Diakarb, lossis tsuas yog noj cov tshuaj txhua lwm hnub.
7 - 10 hnub tom qab pib siv Diakarb, yog tias tsim nyog, ntau npaum li cas ntxiv tau ntxiv rau 375 mg (1.5 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub. Qhov tshuaj no tseem yuav tsum tau ntsuas ib zaug ib zaug ib hnub. Qhov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm Diakarb hauv ib qho tshuaj 375 mg ib hnub ib zaug yog tib yam li rau 250 mg, uas yog, ntsiav tshuaj tau noj txhua hnub lossis ob hnub, ib hnub so, thiab lwm yam.
Diacarb rau Glaucoma yuav tsum siv raws li kev kho txoj hauv kev. Nrog rau lub ntsej muag qhib lub qhov muag daj, cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau noj 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) 1 txog 4 zaug ib hnub.
Hauv ob lub ntsej muag pa luam yeeb, cov neeg laus yuav tsum noj Diacarb ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho mob, 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) txhua 4 teev nyob rau ib hnub. Ntawd yog, thaum ib tus neeg tsaug zog, nws yuav tsum noj ib ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj txhua 4 teev twg. Koj yuav tsum tau pw kom ntau npaum li ib txwm ua, tsis txo los yog ncua sijhawm ntxiv ib hmos vim kev noj tshuaj. Yog tias qhov kev kho mob ntawm Diakarb tshwm sim sai sai, tom qab ntawd nrog kev tso zis ntawm lub ntsej muag, cov neeg laus tuaj yeem noj 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) tsuas yog 2 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Hauv kev mob hnyav ntawm lub kaum sab xis txhaws ntsej muag, cov laus yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) 4 zaug hauv ib hnub, lossis 500 mg (2 ntsiav tshuaj) 2 zaug hauv ib hnub, rau 2 txog 4 hnub. Tom qab ntawd lawv so ib-hnub so, tom qab ntawd lawv noj 125 mg (1/2 ntsiav tshuaj) 4 zaug hauv ib hnub rau lwm 2 rau 4 hnub. Tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj ntawm thaj tsam li ntawm sib nrug.
Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau nce qhov ntau ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj rau ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab tshaj 1000 mg (4 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub, vim qhov no tsis nce qhov hnyav ntawm kev kho mob nyhuv thiab, yog li ntawd, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev kho.
Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog laus dua li peb xyoos nrog kev mob qog nqaij npuas, kev noj zaub mov ntawm Diakarb yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus, ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10-15 mg rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav hauv ib hnub. Kev suav tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tau muab faib ua 3-4 koob tshuaj. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus me nyuam qhov hnyav yog 10 kg, ces kev noj tshuaj Diakarb rau nws txhua hnub yog 10 mg * 10 kg = 100 mg, lossis 15 mg * 10 kg = 150 mg, uas yog, 100 - 150 mg. Qhov tshuaj no tau muab faib ua 3 txog 4 koob tshuaj. Yog tias nws tau txiav txim siab muab rau 100 mg ntawm Diacarb ib hnub, nws yooj yim dua los faib cov tshuaj no rau 4 koob tshuaj ib hnub: 100 mg / 4 = 25 mg. Yog tias nws tau txiav txim siab muab tshuaj rau 150 mg rau cov tshuaj rau ib hnub, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj ntxiv tau yooj yim faib ua 3 koob tshuaj: 150 mg / 3 = 50 mg. Ntawd yog, cov menyuam yaus uas lub cev hnyav ntawm 10 mg yuav tsum tau muab Diakarb 25 mg (1/10 ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj) 4 zaug hauv ib hnub lossis 50 mg (1/5 ntu ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj) 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Cov tshuaj rau noj Diakarba rau ntau yam mob glaucoma zoo ib yam rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus: cov ntsiav tshuaj tau qaug cawv hauv qhov xav tau tshuaj rau tsib hnub, tom qab ntawd so ob hnub so. Tom qab lub sijhawm so, dua tsib hnub kawm ntawm kev noj Diakarb, qhov kawg ntawm qhov uas ob hnub so, thiab lwm yam.
Ntau Ntxiv Txog Cov Mob Hlwb Pob Ntseg
Diacarb rau qaug dab peg. Cov neeg laus raug pom zoo kom noj 250 - 500 mg (1 - 2 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug rau peb hnub, so rau plaub. Tom qab ntawd lawv rov qab haus cov tshuaj rau peb hnub, ntxiv rau zaum plaub, thiab lwm yam.Ntawd yog, kev tswj hwm ntawm kev noj Diakarba 3 - 1 (3 hnub haus, 1 hnub so). Yog tias Diakarb tau npaj los siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj anticonvulsant, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum pib noj cov tshuaj nrog ntau npaum li ntawm 250 mg ib hnub ib zaug, nce ntau dua koob tshuaj yog tias tsim nyog.
Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tshaj li 3 xyoos, nws raug nquahu kom noj Diacarb rau kev mob plab vwm hauv ib tus neeg cov tshuaj noj tau suav raws li ntawm qhov feem ntawm 8-30 mg rau 1 kg ib hnub. Kev suav tshuaj txhua hnub tau muab faib ua 1 rau 4 koob tshuaj thiab muab rau tus menyuam ib yam li cov neeg laus, uas yog, 3 rau 1 (peb hnub noj tshuaj, ib hnub so, thiab lwm yam). Qhov nyiaj tau ntau tshaj plaws niaj hnub noj ntawm Diakarb rau cov me nyuam laus dua 3 xyoos yog 750 mg (3 ntsiav tshuaj). Ua kom ntau dua cov tshuaj saum toj no 750 mg yuav tsis txhim kho txoj kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj, tab sis yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob tshwm sim.
Ntau Txog Ntshav Tes Mob Hlav
Diacarb hauv roob mob. Thaum nce mus rau qhov siab, Diakarb yuav tsum tau noj ntawm 500-1000 mg (2-4 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub, faib cov tshuaj rau 2-4 koob tshuaj ib hnub. Yog tias nce toj nrawm heev, ces Diacarb pom zoo kom noj 1 ntsiav tshuaj 4 zaug hauv ib hnub (ntawd yog, 1000 mg ib hnub).
Lawv pib noj Diakarba 24 txog 48 teev ua ntej txoj kev npaj nce thiab mus ntxiv ob hnub nce mus saum roob. Kev siv cov Diakarb mus tas li ntawm 500-100 mg rau ib hnub rau tsib hnub thaum nce mus rau ntau qhov siab.
Diacarb nrog intracranial siab. Cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm noj tau ib qho 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug, lossis 125 - 250 mg (0.5 - 1 ntsiav tshuaj) ob zaug ib hnub. Thaum siv Diakarb ib hnub ob zaug, kev ncua sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm koob tshuaj 8 txog 12 teev yuav tsum tswj xyuas. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tau hais tawm txog kev kho mob ntawm Diakarb nrog kev mob siab intracranial tau tiav thaum noj cov tshuaj hauv ib hnub noj tshuaj ntawm 250 mg (3 ntsiav tshuaj).
Nrog kom muaj qhov siab ntawm intracranial, Diacarb tuaj yeem coj raws li cov qauv txheej txheem (1 - 1, 2 - 1 lossis 3 - 1), xaiv qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau koj tus kheej. Ntawd yog, cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm raug coj nyob rau hauv qhov qhia ntau npaum li cas txhua txhua lwm hnub (Scheme 1 - 1), lossis rau ob hnub nrog kev so tom qab nyob rau hauv ib hnub (Scheme 2 - 1), lossis rau peb hnub nrog kev so txuas ntxiv nyob hauv ib hnub (3 - 1) )
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb
Siv cov tshuaj nrog qhov yuav tsum tau mus so ib hnub ib zaug 1, 2, 3, 4 lossis 5 hnub ntawm noj Diacarb. Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv Diacarb tsis tu ncua rau ntau dua tsib hnub, txij li qhov no qhov teeb meem metabolic acidosis yuav loj hlob tuaj.
Yog hais tias Diacarb raug noj rau lub hom phiaj ntawm diuretic nyhuv (piv txwv li, nrog edema lossis kua dej tau tuav hauv lub cev), tom qab ntawd cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum haus dej tsis tu ncua kom ntau peb hnub, tom qab uas ib hnub so yuav tsum. Ntawd yog, kom tau txais cov nyhuv diuretic, cov tshuaj tau tshwm sim, noj ib hnub ib zaug txhua 1 rau 3 hnub ntawm kev siv tas mus li. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua no yog vim qhov tseeb hais tias tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev nkag mus vim kev quav tshuaj yeeb, diuretic nyhuv ntawm Diakarba tsis muaj zog, qee zaum mus rau qhov kev qhaj tag. Thiab tom qab ib-hnub so, cov tshuaj dua muaj cov nyhuv diuretic.
Yog hais tias Diacarb raug coj los txo qis cov dej hauv lub qhov muag chav (nrog lub ntsej muag ntsej muag) lossis hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb (nrog lub siab intracranial, migraines, thiab lwm yam), tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj no tshwm sim, noj ib hnub so txhua 4 rau 5 hnub. Xws li so ntawm feem ntau txhua 5 hnub yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov metabolic acidosis.
Kev siv ntawm Diakarba yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev txwv kev haus dej thiab ntsev, nrog rau kev siv cov tshuaj uas muaj cov poov tshuaj (Asparkam, Panangin, thiab lwm yam) thiab kev siv cov zaub mov muaj ntau nyob rau hauv potassium (piv txwv li, apricots qhuav, txiv tsawb, thiab lwm yam).
Hauv cov neeg laus (tshaj 65 xyoos), Diacarb tau siv rau hauv kev siv li niaj zaus thiab raws li cov qauv sau tseg. Tsis tas yuav hloov kho qhov tshuaj lossis qhov kev hloov tshuaj ntxiv.
Diacarb tuaj yeem ua rau mob acidosis (acidification ntawm thaj chaw sab hauv ntawm lub cev), yog li nws yuav tsum siv kom zoo rau cov neeg muaj kev txom nyem los ntawm mob ntsws embolism, emphysema, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo rau lub raum, edema ntawm lub raum lossis cov keeb kwm mob hepatic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj hauv cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib, vim tias Diacarb tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab ntau (hyperglycemia).
Cov tshuaj ua kom dej zom cov zis, yog li nws cov pH dhau los ua ntau dua 8.0. Ntev npaum li noj Diakarb txuas ntxiv, zoo ib yam li lub cev tso zis tso zis tso tawm yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab cov cai.
Thoob plaws txhua lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob, txhua 1 txog 2 lub limtiam, cov duab ntshav (kuaj ntshav dav nrog leukoformula), ntshav txhaws ntshav thiab xeb electrolyte (potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium) hauv cov ntshav yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Yog tias hloov tau tshwm sim hauv daim duab ntshav, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis ua ntxiv mus.
Diakarb yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj ntau dua li kev pom zoo, vim tias qhov no qhov loj ntawm cov nyhuv kho tsis nce, tab sis poob siab thiab hnov lub suab tsis zoo (hnov ntawm khiav "goosebumps", thiab lwm yam) nce thiab, ntxiv rau, cov diuretic ploj.
Nrog rau ib tug neeg rhiab heev rau Diakarb, thaum noj nws, ib tus neeg tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij thiab lub neej txaus ntshai, xws li Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell syndrome, lub siab tsis txaus necrosis, hemorrhagic diathesis, anemia los yog agranulocytosis. Yog li, yog tias ib tus neeg muaj cov cim ntawm ib qho ntawm cov mob no, feem ntau hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ces koj yuav tsum tso tseg kev noj tshuaj thiab tam sim ntawd nrog kws kho mob.
Noj ntau dhau
Kev noj tshuaj ntau tshaj ntawm Diakarb yog qhov ua tau thev naus laus zis, txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev coj ua, qhov no tsis tau sau cia rau lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev siv tshuaj. Yog li, qhov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau tsis qhia thiab tsis paub meej. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li txoj kev xav, cov tsos mob ntawm kev siv ntau tshaj yog nce phiv.
Yog tias muaj kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm Diacarb, yog tias ua tau, hemodialysis yuav tsum ua, vim qhov txheej txheem no tshem tawm cov tshuaj tawm ntawm cov ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, uas yog coj los tswj lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab cov kab ke. Thaum kho, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tswj cov tshuaj electrolytes hauv cov ntshav (potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, chlorine) thiab hno cov kev daws teeb meem uas muaj cov tshuaj uas nws qib qis dua ib txwm muaj. Yog tias metabolic acidosis tau txhim kho, tom qab ntawd sodium bicarbonate yog muab rau tus neeg. Kev kho mob rau kev noj tshuaj rau qhov noj ntau dua yog ua tiav txawm hais tias hemodialysis tau ua tiav dab tsi.
Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj
Diacarb txhim kho kev kho mob ntxiv ntawm Ephedrine, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj (xws li, Warfarin, Thrombostop, thiab lwm yam), cov kab mob hypoglycemic (xws li, Glibenclamide, Glyclazide, Repaglinide, Metformin, Ciglitazone, thiab lwm yam), thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob folic acid (e.g., Methotre, Methotre). Pemetrexed, thiab lwm yam). Diacarb tsub kom cov concentration ntawm phenytoin, carbamazepine thiab cov leeg ua kom ntshav ntau hauv cov ntshav.
Diacarb txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm osteomalacia, npau taws los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas hlwb (piv txwv li, Konvuleks, Lamotrigine, thiab lwm yam).
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau kho cov tshuaj ntawm Diakarb thaum nws ua ke nrog mob glycosides (piv txwv li, Strofantin, Korglikon, thiab lwm yam) thiab cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj ntshav siab ntxiv (piv txwv, Caffeine, Cordiamin, Bellataminal, Noradrenaline, thiab lwm yam).
Txais tos ntawm Diakarba nrog rau cov tshuaj amphetamine, atropine lossis quinidine ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv ntawm cov tom kawg. Yog hais tias Diacarb siv nrog plauv nres glycosides, Ephedrine, Carbamazepine thiab cov tsis ua kom cov leeg ua kom mob plab, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj lom cov tshuaj no ntau ntxiv.
Cov nyhuv diuretic ntawm Diakarb yog kho kom zoo dua thaum siv tib lub sijhawm nrog Aminophylline, Theophylline, thiab lwm yam tshuaj diuretics (Furosemide, Spironolactone, thiab lwm yam), thiab nws tsis muaj zog txaus ua ke nrog ammonium chloride.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo qis hauv siab yog txhim kho nrog kev siv Diacarb sib xyaw nrog anticholinergics (Atropine, Scopolamine, Cyclodolum, Diphenhydramine thiab lwm tus) thiab beta-blockers (Propranolol, Bisoprolol, Timolol, Atenolol, Nebivolol, thiab lwm yam).
Diacarb nrawm ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lithium los ntawm lub cev.
Nrog rau kev siv Diacarb nrog tib neeg acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), kev ceev faj yuav tsum siv, vim tias qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev mob tsis nco qab, mob tachypnea, mob nkees lossis tsis nco qab nrog kev tuag tom qab. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kev mob no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum noj cov tshuaj aspirin hauv kev siv tshuaj ntau.
Diacarb thiab Asparkam
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Asparkam thiab Diacarb tau siv rau hauv ib txwm, pom zoo kev noj tshuaj zoo. Cov koob tshuaj ntawm Diakarb nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg thiab tus kab mob rau cov tshuaj uas siv, thiab Asparkama - tsuas yog nyob rau hnub nyoog.
Yog li, nws raug nquahu kom noj Asparkam nrog Diacarb hauv kev noj tshuaj hauv qab no, nyob ntawm hnub nyoog:
- Cov me nyuam qis dua ib xyoos - 1/4 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub ib zaug,
- Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 1 txog 3 xyoos - 1/2 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub,
- Cov menyuam muaj 3 txog 6 xyoo - 1/2 ntsiav tshuaj 2 zaug hauv ib hnub,
- Cov menyuam yaus 7 txog 10 xyoo - 1/2 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub 3 zaug,
- Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 11 txog 12 xyoos - 1 ntsiav tshuaj 1 txog 2 zaug ib hnub,
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog dhau 13 xyoos thiab laus - 1 ntsiav tshuaj 2 zaug ib hnub.
Diacarb rau menyuam yaus
Hauv kev xyaum rau menyuam yaus, kev siv cov tshuaj Diakarb rau kev kho mob ntawm kev mob vwm thiab lub ntsej muag txhaws menyuam yaus raug pom zoo. Cov kab mob no yog kev qhia tseeb rau kev siv Diacarb hauv menyuam yaus.
Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau muab rau tus menyuam, tsis hais txog pluas noj, sim ua kom lawv nqos tau sai thiab tag nrho, thiab cia nws haus dej ntau me ntsis. Yog tias tus menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau muab rau tsis yog tag nrho cov ntsiav tshuaj, tab sis ib feem ntawm nws, ces nws raug nquahu kom faib lawv nrog rab riam ua ntej hauv ib nrab, tom qab ntawd ib nrab ntawm ib nrab, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau muab tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam thaum sawv ntxov.
Nrog qaug dab peg Koob tshuaj Diacarb rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 4 txog 12 hlis - muab 50 mg ntawm diacarb (kwv yees li ntawm 1/5 - 1/4 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug,
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 2 txog 3 xyoos - muab 50 - 125 mg (1/4 - 1/2 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug. Koj tuaj yeem faib cov koob tshuaj muaj qhia ua ob zaug ib hnub,
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 4 txog 18 xyoo - muab 125 - 250 mg (1/2 - 1 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug, thaum sawv ntxov.
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov ntsuas qhov nruab nrab, rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tshaj li 3 xyoos, nws muaj peev xwm los suav cov tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm Diakarb ib tus zuj zus, raws li lub cev qhov hnyav, raws li qhov sib piv ntawm 8 - 30 mg rau 1 kg. Qhov muab tshuaj rau txhua hnub raws li txoj kev no tau muab faib ua 1-3 koob tshuaj thiab muab rau tus menyuam thaum nruab hnub nyob ntawm kev ncua sij hawm sib luag. Qhov nyiaj tau ntau tshaj plaws niaj hnub noj ntawm Diakarb rau cov me nyuam laus dua 3 xyoos yog 750 mg (3 ntsiav tshuaj). Ua kom ntau dua cov tshuaj saum toj no 750 mg yuav tsis txhim kho txoj kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj, tab sis yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob tshwm sim.
Diakarba tus qauv rau mob vwm rau cov menyuam yaus yog zoo ib yam li cov neeg laus - 3 - 1. Qhov ntawd yog, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau muab rau menyuam yaus ntsiav tshuaj hauv qhov qhia tshuaj, noj ib hnub ib zaug txhua peb hnub.
Nrog glaucoma rau cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog tshaj li peb xyoos, noj ntau npaum li cas ntawm Diakarb suav tsuas yog suav ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev, raws li qhov piv ntawm 10-15 mg rau 1 kg ntawm qhov hnyav ib hnub. Kev suav tshuaj txhua hnub tau muab faib ua 2 rau 4 koob tshuaj ib hnub thiab muab rau tus menyuam nyob ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub sijhawm nruab hnub (txog thaum nws pw).
Xav txog qhov muab xam ntawm qhov ntau npaum ntawm Diakarb rau tus menyuam uas lub cev hnyav txog 10 kg siv piv txwv. Yog li, qhov tshuaj rau txhua hnub rau nws yog 10 mg * 10 kg = 100 mg, lossis 15 mg * 10 kg = 150 mg, uas yog, 100 - 150 mg. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas (tsawg kawg nkaus, siab kawg lossis nruab nrab) yuav muab rau tus menyuam, thiab tom qab ntawd faib nws rau 3 lossis 4 koob tshuaj, nyob ntawm qhov yooj yim ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Yog tias nws tau txiav txim siab muab rau 100 mg ntawm Diacarb ib hnub, nws yooj yim dua los faib cov tshuaj no rau 2 koob tshuaj ib hnub: 100 mg / 2 = 50 mg. Hauv qhov no, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muab 1/4 ntsiav tshuaj 2 zaug ib hnub.Yog tias nws tau txiav txim siab muab tshuaj rau 150 mg rau cov tshuaj rau ib hnub, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj ntxiv tau yooj yim faib ua 3 koob tshuaj: 150 mg / 3 = 50 mg. Hauv qhov no, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj 50 mg (1/4 ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj) 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Diakarba kev noj tshuaj rau lub ntsej muag txhawm rau menyuam yaus yog tib yam li rau cov neeg laus: 5 - 2. Qhov ntawd yog, txhua tsib hnub tom qab noj tshuaj, koj yuav tsum so ob-hnub so.
Ntxiv rau cov kev ntsuas no, cov kws kho mob hlwb feem ntau muab tshuaj Diacarb rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hnub nyoog txawv, suav nrog cov menyuam mos, txhawm rau kho tus mob hlwb tsis meejxws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob sab nrauv (PEP), mob caj dab hydrocephalic, cov hlwv hauv lub hlwb, lub plab ua pa ntawm lub hlwb, thiab lwm yam. Cov xwm txheej no, raws li kws kho mob hlwb, feem ntau yog vim muaj dej ntau dhau hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb thiab nce siab intracranial. Yog li, Diakarb, uas txo cov khoom tsim cov kua hauv cov qauv hauv lub hlwb thiab tshem nws los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, pab ua kom lub cev tsis zoo thiab txo qis intracranial siab, vim tias tus menyuam tau hla ntau yam kev mob ntshav siab los ntawm cov xwm txheej no, xws li quaj heev, tshee tshee hauv kev pw tsaug zog, kub siab thiab lwm yam.
Txog kev kho mob ntawm cov leeg mob hlwb, Diakarb raug muab rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 1/4 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub ib zaug, thiab rau cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 1 txog 3 xyoos - 1/2 ntsiav tshuaj. Cov phiaj xwm 2 - 1 thiab 1 - 1 yog suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov ntawd yog, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau muab cov tshuaj ib hnub ib zaug, lossis txhua ob hnub los noj ib hnub so. Lub sijhawm kho yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab feem ntau yog los ntawm 10 mus rau 30 hnub nyob rau hauv tag nrho, suav txog ib hnub so so.
Sab sij huam
Diacarb tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no (thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim siab dua, qhov ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj tau noj) nyob rau ib feem ntawm ntau cov plab hnyuv siab raum thiab cov tshuab:
1.Mob leeg:
- Paresthesia (kev xav ntawm khiav "goosebumps", thiab lwm yam),
- Tinnitus
- Hnov hnov lus tsis zoo
- Nkees
- Kiv taub hau
- Ataxia (lub cev tsis sib haum ua haujlwm),
- Kev nkees nkees
- Kev Tsis Txaus Siab
- Cramps
- Photophobia
- Tsis zoo kov (muaj peev xwm hnov tau kov)
- Hepatic encephalopathy (muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm).
- Xeev siab
- Ntuav
- Zawv plab
- Tsis qab los noj mov mus txog rau qhov tsis nco qab,
- Saj tsis cuam tshuam
- Hepatic colic,
- Fulminant mob siab necrosis.
- Nquag tso zis ntau zaus
- Kev tso zis ntau dhau,
- Kev tsim cov raum pob zeb (tsuas yog nrog lub caij nyoog siv ntawm Diakarb).
- Aplastic anemia,
- Leukopenia (tag nrho cov qe ntshav dawb hauv qab cov qub),
- Thrombocytopenia (tag nrho cov ntshav txhaws ntshav hauv qis dua qhov qub),
- Agranulocytosis (tsis muaj neutrophils, basophils thiab eosinophils hauv cov ntshav),
- Pancytopenia (tag nrho cov lej ntawm cov qe ntshav - cov ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb thiab ntshav hauv qab)
- Kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov hlwb pob txha hematopoiesis,
- Hemorrhagic diathesis.
- Erythema multiforme ua pob tawv nqaij,
- Urticaria,
- Stevens-Johnson Mob
- Lyell Cov Mob
- Anaphylactic kev poob siab,
- Daim tawv nqaij liab
- Cov tawv nqaij khaus.
- Hematuria (ntshav hauv cov zis),
- Glucosuria (qab zib hauv zis),
- Hyperglycemia (ntshav qab zib siab dua li ib txwm),
- Mob Hypokalemia (qib ntshav hauv ntshav qis dua qhov qub),
- Hyponatremia (qib qis hauv ntshav cov ntshav)
- Metabolic acidosis (kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov kua qaub-puag thiab dej-electrolyte tshuav).
- Nqaij tsis muaj zog
- Ua npaws
- Myopia.
Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kev mob tshwm sim loj (erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell syndrome, crystalluria, raum pob zeb, thrombocytopenic purpura, hemolytic anemia, pob txha hlwb kev nyuaj siab, leukopenia, agranulocytosis thiab pancytopenia) yog nce rau hauv cov neeg muaj kev mob siab rau sulfonamides.Yog li no, cov neeg no yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum siv Diakarb.
Diacarb - analogues
Txog 2/3 ntawm cov kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kev siv Diakarba los ntawm cov neeg laus yog qhov zoo. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov tshuaj yog kws kho mob los txo qis ntawm intracranial siab. Cov kev txheeb xyuas tau qhia tias Diacarb nrawm txo qis intracranial siab, vim tias mob taub hau, qhov muag plooj, kiv taub hau, kiv taub hau thiab lwm yam ploj mus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Diakarb tshem tawm sai sai ntawm kev npau taws los ntawm ntau yam laj thawj, vim hais tias, ua lub diuretic, nws tshem tawm cov kua dej hauv lub cev. Yog li, cov tshuaj feem ntau tau kho rau cov neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm edema tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob ntev (mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm, mob plawv nres, thiab lwm yam). Hauv kev txheeb xyuas txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm yeeb tshuaj, nws tau qhia tias nws muab cov nyhuv xav tau sai thiab maj mam ua.
Tsis tshua muaj ntau yam, diacarb raug kho nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev mob vwm los yog txo qis intraocular siab hauv glaucoma. Kev tshuaj xyuas txog kev siv tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kev mob no txawv - muaj ob qho tib si zoo thiab tsis zoo, vim tias qhov kev kho mob hauv qee kis tau pom meej meej, thiab lwm tus nws yog kev siv tsis pom.
Yuav luag txhua qhov kev txheeb xyuas tau qhia tias Diacarb yuav tsum tau noj nrog Asparkam, txij li tom kawg ua kom rov qab ntau dua cov poov tshuaj hauv lub cev, uas tau tawm los ntawm cov diuretic Diacarb.
Cov kev xav tsis zoo txog Diakarba feem ntau yog vim kev txhim kho kev ua xua lossis qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj tsis haum rau tus neeg no. Kev tshawb xyuas tsis zoo vim tias tsis muaj qhov cia siab cov nyhuv kho muaj tsawg dua.
Tso tawm daim ntawv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg
Diacarb muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv foos rau kev siv lub qhov ncauj. Cov ntsiav tshuaj yog dawb, puag ncig, convex ntawm ob sab. Lub ntsiab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog acetazolamide, txhua ntsiav tshuaj muaj 250 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag.
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv hlwv ntawm 10 daim, 3 hlwv hauv cardboard lub thawv nrog cov lus qhia txuas nrog.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Diacarb nrog edematous syndrome thaum pib kho yog kho nyob rau hauv ib koob ntawm 250-375 mg (1-1.5 ntsiav tshuaj) 1 zaug hauv ib hnub thaum sawv ntxov. Qhov siab tshaj plaws diuretic nyhuv yog tiav thaum noj cov tshuaj txhua lwm hnub lossis 2 hnub hauv ib kab, thiab tom qab ntawd so ib hnub so.
Thaum siv Diakarb, kev kho mob rau lub plawv ua kom tsis ua haujlwm, suav nrog kev mob plawv glycosides, yuav tsum txuas mus ntxiv, kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg nyob rau hauv kev noj ntsev thiab ntxiv nrog cov tsis muaj poov tshuaj.
Rau cov neeg laus uas muaj lub ntsej muag qhib lub ntsej muag, cov tshuaj tau sau hauv ib koob ntawm 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) 1-4 zaug hauv ib hnub. Kev noj tshuaj ntau dua li ntawm 1 g tsis nce qhov txiaj ntsig kho mob.
Hauv ob lub ntsej muag txhawm siab, cov tshuaj tau sau hauv ib koob ntawm 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) txhua 4 teev. Hauv qee cov neeg mob, cov kev kho mob tshwm sim tom qab lub sijhawm luv tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj 250 mg 2 zaug ib hnub.
Hauv kev mob hnyav ntawm lub ntsej muag glaucoma, cov tshuaj tau sau tseg 250 mg 4 zaug hauv ib hnub. Rau cov menyuam yaus muaj mob txha caj qaum, Diacarb tau raug txhaj ntawm 10-15 mg / kg lub cev qhov hnyav ib hnub rau 3-4 koob.
Nrog qaug dab peg, cov neeg laus tau txhaj tshuaj 250-500 mg ib hnub rau hauv ib koob rau 3 hnub, nyob rau hnub 4 - so ib zaug.
- Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 4 txog 12 hlis - 50 mg ib hnub twg hauv 1-2 koob.
- Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 2-3 xyoos - 50-125 mg ib hnub twg hauv 1-2 koob.
- Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 4 txog 18 xyoo - 125-250 mg 1 zaug toj ib hnub thaum sawv ntxov.
Nrog rau kev siv Diakarba nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thaum pib kho, 250 mg (1 ntsiav tshuaj) siv 1 zaug hauv ib hnub, yog tias tsim nyog, maj mam nce cov koob tshuaj. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, koob tshuaj ntau dua 750 mg ib hnub twg yuav tsum tsis txhob siv.
Hauv kev mob nkeeg ntawm roob, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj ntawm 500-1000 mg (2-4 ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub. Thaum muaj ascent ceev - 1000 mg ib hnub twg. Qhov koob tshuaj txhua hnub tau muab faib ua ob peb koob tshuaj hauv vaj huam sib luag.Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv 24-48 teev ua ntej nce toj, thiab yog tias muaj tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob, tseem yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv 48 teev lossis ntev dua, yog tias tsim nyog.
Nyeem kuj cov kab lus no: Cortexin kev txhaj tshuaj: cov lus qhia, nqe, analogues thiab tshuaj xyuas
Yog tias koj hla kev noj cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nce qhov ntxiv rau ntawm qhov koob tshuaj ntxiv.
Sab sij huam
Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo thaum noj cov tshuaj yuav yog cov hauv qab no:
- paresthesia, anorexia,
- hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij,
- metabolic acidosis
- leeg tsis muaj zog
- myopia
- khaus, urticaria,
- tinnitus
- hypokalemia, convulsions.
Nrog rau kev kho mob ntev, nephrolithiasis, glucosuria, leukopenia, tsis meej pem, tsaug zog, ntuav, ua xua, hematuria, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis, tsis hnov mob, xeev siab, raws plab yuav tshwm sim.
Yog tias muaj kev mob tshwm sim thaum noj cov tshuaj no, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob sai.
Cov menyuam yaus, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation
Diacarb yog contraindicated rau hauv kev xeeb tub thiab lactation. Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos, cov tshuaj siv tau raws li kev qhia thiab hauv kev noj tshuaj hloov raws hnub nyoog.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hydrocephalus lossis mob ntshav siab-hydrocephalic syndrome, Diacarb rau cov menyuam yaus yog feem ntau kho mob. Nws tswj hwm tus nqi ntawm cerebrospinal kua. Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem raug kho rau glaucoma lossis epilepsy.
Nws yog cov ntawv sau yuav tshuaj, txij li kev siv cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv nws nyob hauv tsev kho mob, thaum saib xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus menyuam tuaj yeem nqa ntawm qhov ua tau zoo.
Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no muaj ntau zaus thaum, nrog mob me ntsis, tus kws kho mob hlwb tuaj yeem sau tshuaj noj nyob hauv tsev.
Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj nws tus kheej tom qab tshuaj xyuas tus menyuam thiab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas. Raws li cov lus qhia, qhov tshuaj tsawg kawg nkaus yog 50 mg rau ib hnub. Qhov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yog muab rau tus menyuam hauv 1-2 zaug.
Cov menyuam yaus txog li ib xyoo tej zaum yuav tau txais cov tshuaj no rau mob vwm. Ib qho ntxiv, Diacarb rau cov menyuam yug tshiab yog siv rau ntau dhau los ua kom loj lossis divergence ntawm pob txha taub hau sutures. Nws pab txo cov kua dej ua kom haum.
Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam
Hauv qab ntawm cov tshuaj no, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntxiv thaum noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog rau cov tshuaj no.
Cov tshuaj Diacarb tsis pom zoo kom ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tsis-tshuaj steroidal, vim tias qhov no tus neeg mob yuav pib txhim kho metabolic acidosis thiab tshuaj lom ua rau lub hauv nruab nrog hlab ntsha tsis zoo.
Yog tias tus neeg mob twb tau txais cov mob glycosides los yog tshuaj uas ua rau muaj ntshav nce siab ntxiv, yuav tsum tau kho cov tshuaj Diakarb txhua hnub.
Mob ntshav qab zib thiab Diacarb
Diacarb muaj peev xwm hloov pauv qib hauv qabzib hauv cov ntshav. Tias yog vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau ua nrog ceev faj heev hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cov tshuaj yuav tsum noj tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Raws li txoj cai, hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho lub koob tshuaj insulin lossis tshuaj qog ntshav hauv qhov ncauj.
Diacarb yuav cuam tshuam cov teeb meem alkaline ib puag ncig ntawm cov zis. Qhov zoo tshaj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account los ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav siab.
Kev Sau ua ke, daim foos tso tawm
Qhov tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv tshuaj (ntsiav tshuaj). Coj lawv mus sab hauv. Ntsiav tshuaj yog tus cwj pwm xim dawb, ib puag ncig lub cev (biconvex). Ntim tuaj yeem ntim tshuaj sib txawv:
- 10 Pcs
- 24 Pcs.
- 30 pcs
Cov tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj yog acetazolamide. Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov khoom no yog ib yam (250 mg). Ntawm ntu ntu hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv:
- povidone
- croscarmellose sodium,
- silicon dioxide (colloidal),
- magnesium stearate,
- cellulose (microcrystalline).
Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev siv excipients siv tsis yog cov khoom siv sab saud, tab sis cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, sodium starch glycolate, talc. Thiab ib qho thiab lwm txheej teeb tsa ua tsis pom zoo yog kev nyab xeeb, kev pom zoo rau kev siv. Qhov mob hnyav loj npaum li cas rau kev kho tsis ua raws li cov khoom siv ntxiv uas tau siv.
Cov neeg zam yuav tsum paub vim hais tias ntawm tus neeg mob kev fab tshuaj rau ib qho ntawm lawv. Thaum muaj tej qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, kws kho mob sau ntawv muab tshuaj rau thawj pab lossis thawj pab pawg ntxiv.
Pharmacological kev txiav txim, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics
Diakarb ntsiav tshuaj muaj cov kev kho mob hauv qab no:
- tiv thaiv qog ntshav,
- tshuaj kho mob
- txo qis hauv kev sib zog intracranial,
- tshuaj thaiv pawg.
Cov diuretic nyhuv yog qis dua lwm cov diuretics. Kev tso zis tso zis yog nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm ntau cov poov tshuaj hauv lub cev. Yog li, cov kws kho mob pom zoo ntxiv cov kev kho mob nrog "Diakarb" nrog cov tshuaj ("Panangin", "Asparkam", "Aspangin"). Txoj kev ua no yuav ua kom muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov keeb kwm uas teev hauv cov ntshav, ntshav, tiv thaiv hypokalemia.
Nrog zis, fofsafts, calcium, thiab magnesium tseem tau tawm hauv lub cev. Yog tias koj siv "Diacarb" ntau dua li ob lub lim tiam, koj yuav tsum xav tau ib qho tshuaj ntxiv ntawm cov khoom no los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem hauv metabolic.
Cov kws tshaj lij sau tseg tias tom qab siv Diakarba rau peb hnub, nws cov diuretic nyhuv poob qis. Txhawm rau rov ua nws, koj yuav tsum so hauv 1-3 hnub. Yog li, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj nrog rau kev so luv. Qhov no yuav muab cov nyhuv diuretic ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj.
"Diacarb" muaj peev xwm txo qis qis ntawm cov ntshav siab ntawm intraocular. Nws txo cov dej noo tsim nyob rau hauv chav ua ntej ntawm lub qhov muag.
Cov tshuaj muab tshuaj ("Diacarb") kuj tseem tau tshaj tawm nrog kev mob siab ntxiv ntawm intracranial. Vim tias qhov txo qis ntawm cov dej noo hauv cov cerebrospinal kua, lub ventricles ntawm lub hlwb, hloov puab ntawm cerebrospinal kua yog li qub. Yog li, intracranial siab txo.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm txwv foci ntawm pathological excitability nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb. Qhov no ua rau cov nyhuv antiepileptic ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug.
Vim tias muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim dhau los ntawm cov tshuaj yog kev sib tw ntawm cov metabolic acidosis, Diacarb yog siv rau kev kho mob thaum tsaus ntuj apnea thiab ua pa tsis zoo.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev ua kom nquag plias hauv cov ntshav tau tsau tom qab 2 teev tom qab noj cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm qhov ncauj hauv qhov ntau npaum li 500 mg. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj yog muab los ntawm qib siab ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj nrog cov protein plasma. Lub ntsiab tivthaiv yog qhov kawg nrog kev muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau qhov chaw hauv chaw. Cov tshuaj no tawm dhau los ntawm lub raum (hloov pauv) ib hnub.
Sab sij huam
Txais tos "Diakarba" tuaj yeem ua rau kom rov ua kom tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no:
- kev tsis nco qab
- cramps
- myopia
- tinnitus
- hemorrhagic diathesis,
- photophobia
- hypokalemia
- metabolic acidosis
- leeg tsis muaj zog
- hnov lus tsis zoo
- hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij,
- tsim ntawm raum pob zeb,
- npaws
- paresthesia
- urticaria.
Kev siv cov diuretic dhau lub sijhawm ntev tuaj yeem tsim qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no:
- xeev siab
- ua xua
- tsaug zog
- zawv plab
- leukopenia
- nephrolithiasis,
- ua txhaum ntawm kov
- agranulocytosis,
- hematuria
- kev tsis zoo
- ntuav
- hemolytic anemia,
- glucosuria.
Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig saum toj no tau tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj
Yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj diuretic tib lub sijhawm nrog cov tshuaj antiepileptic, osteomalacia (ua kom cov pob txha mos vim tsis muaj pob txha ntau ntawm cov pob txha nqaij) yuav ntau ntxiv.
Nrog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm "Diakarba" nrog "Theophylline", diuretics, kev nce ntxiv hauv diuretic tshwm sim. Kev siv cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke txiav txim siab ib cov tshuaj nrog cov kua qaub-ua rau diuretics txo cov diuretic nyhuv.
Nrog tib lub sij hawm siv nrog "Diakarb" tuaj yeem nce cov tshuaj lom cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj zoo li no:
- Ephedrine
- salicylates,
- npaj digitalis
- tsis-depolarizing nqaij relaxants,
- "Carbamazepine."
Cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj rau hauv txoj kev no:
- txhim kho cov diuretic nyhuv ntawm diuretics,
- txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hypoglycemic, folic acid antagonists, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj,
- txhim kho cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj zoo li no (quinidine, atropine, amphetamine),
- tsub kom qhov nqus ntawm primidone, phenytoin,
- lowers ntshav qabzib (yog li ntawd, hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib)
- nce cov roj ntsha lithium tawm tswv yim, txo nws cov nyhuv,
- nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm carbamazepine hauv cov ntshav.
Kwv yees tus nqi nyob rau hauv Russia
Tus nqi ntawm lub diuretic rau hauv nqe lus nug yog qhov zoo heev, muab nws ua haujlwm. Lawv muag cov tshuaj no nyob hauv cov tsev muag tshuaj feem ntau nrog cov tshuaj. Kwv yees tus nqi ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj 215 - 254 rubles (rau 30 daim).
Koj puas nyiam tsab xov xwm?
Cawm nws!
Tseem muaj lus nug? Nug lawv hauv cov lus!
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Ntshav qab zib ntsuas ntsuas nrog glucometer norm lub rooj
Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib hauv tsev Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, nws txoj kev kho lub sijhawm kom tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hnyav. ... -
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