Cov tshuaj ntawm Rosucard ntsiav tshuaj


Analogues ntawm cov tshuaj rosucard, hloov pauv tau rau cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev, kev npaj muaj ib lossis ntau yam zoo tib yam tshuaj ua ke tau raug nthuav tawm. Thaum xaiv cov lus txhais, xav txog tsis yog lawv cov nqi nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub teb chaws ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab lub koob npe ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom.
  1. Qhia txog ntawm cov tshuaj
  2. Sau cov analogues thiab cov nqi
  3. Xyuas
  4. Cov lus qhia raug rau siv

Qhia txog ntawm cov tshuaj

Rosucard - Ib qho tshuaj hypolipidemic los ntawm pab pawg ntawm statins. Xaiv kev sib tw inhibitor ntawm HMG-CoA reductase, ib qho enzyme uas hloov HMG-CoA rau mevalonate, ib qho ua ntej ntawm cov roj (Ch).

Nce tus naj npawb ntawm LDL receptors nyob rau saum npoo ntawm hepatocytes, uas ua rau kom muaj kev nce siab thiab catabolism ntawm LDL, inhibition of VLDL synthesis, txo tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm LDL thiab VLDL. Txo cov kua roj LDL-C, HDL roj-lipoproteins tsis-lipoproteins (HDL-tsis-HDL), HDL-V, cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho, TG, TG-VLDL, apolipoprotein B (ApoV), txo qhov feem ntawm LDL-C / LDL-C, tag nrho HDL-C, Chs-tsis yog HDL-C / HDL-C, ApoB / apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), ua rau muaj zog ntau ntawm HDL-C thiab ApoA-1.

Kev lipid-txo cov nyhuv yog ncaj qha ncaj qha rau cov koob tshuaj uas tau xaj tshuaj. Kev kho mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1 lub lis piam tom qab pib kho, tom qab 2 lub lis piam nce mus txog 90% ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws, nce mus txog qhov siab kawg los ntawm 4 lub lis piam thiab tom qab ntawd mus tas li.

Cov lus 1. Txaus siab-qhov cuam tshuam cov neeg mob hauv cov neeg mob thawj hom hypercholesterolemia (hom IIa thiab IIb raws li kev faib tawm ntawm Fredrickson) (qhov ntsuas nruab nrab tau hloov pauv feem ntau piv rau tus nqi pib)

Koob tshuajTus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mobHS-LDLTag nrho ChsHS-HDL
Tso cov tshuaj13-7-53
10 mg17-52-3614
20 mg17-55-408
40 mg18-63-4610
Koob tshuajTus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mobTGXc-
tsis-HDL
Apo vApo AI
Tso cov tshuaj13-3-7-30
10 mg17-10-48-424
20 mg17-23-51-465
40 mg18-28-60-540

Cov lus 2. Qhia txog kev noj tshuaj ntau ntxiv rau cov neeg mob hypertriglyceridemia (hom IIb thiab IV raws li Fredrickson kev faib tawm) (qhov feem pua ​​hloov pauv piv rau tus nqi thaum pib)
Koob tshuajTus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mobTGHS-LDLTag nrho Chs
Tso cov tshuaj26151
10 mg23-37-45-40
20 mg27-37-31-34
40 mg25-43-43-40
Koob tshuajTus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mobHS-HDLXc-
tsis-HDL
Xc-
VLDL
TG-
VLDL
Tso cov tshuaj26-3226
10 mg238-49-48-39
20 mg2722-43-49-40
40 mg2517-51-56-48

Cov chaw kho mob ua tau

Ua tau zoo rau cov neeg mob cov neeg laus uas muaj hypercholesterolemia nrog lossis tsis muaj hypertriglyceridemia, tsis hais haiv neeg twg, poj niam lossis txiv neej, incl. hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia. Hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj hom IIa thiab IIb hypercholesterolemia (raws li Fredrickson kev faib tawm) nrog qhov pib nruab nrab ntawm LDL-C txog 4.8 mmol / L, thaum noj cov tshuaj ntawm 10 mg, qhov siab ntawm LDL-C nce mus txog tsawg dua 3 mmol / L.

Hauv cov neeg mob mob heterozygous tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia tau txais rosuvastatin ntawm ib koob ntawm 20-80 mg / hnub, qhov pom qhov zoo ntawm daim lipid profile tau pom. Tom qab ua ntawv xaj rau ib koob tshuaj 40 mg txhua hnub (12 lub lim tiam ntawm txoj kev kho), qhov txo qis hauv kev mloog zoo ntawm LDL-C los ntawm 53% tau sau tseg. Hauv 33% ntawm cov neeg mob, ib qho LDL-C concentration ntawm tsawg dua 3 mmol / L tau tiav.

Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj homozygous tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia tau txais cov tshuaj rosuvastatin ntawm ib koob ntawm 20 mg thiab 40 mg, qhov nruab nrab txo hauv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm LDL-C yog 22%.

Hauv cov neeg mob hypertriglyceridemia nrog kev pib ntawm TG los ntawm 273 mg / dL rau 817 mg / dL, tau txais rosuvastatin hauv koob tshuaj 5 mg txog 40 mg 1 zaug / hnub rau 6 lub lis piam, qhov siab ntawm TG hauv cov ntshav ntshav tau txo qis (saib cov lus 2 )

Ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntxiv tau pom nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw nrog fenofibrate hauv kev sib piv nrog cov concentration ntawm TG thiab nrog nicotinic acid nyob rau hauv lipid txo cov koob tshuaj (ntau dua 1 g / hnub) hauv kev sib piv rau qhov kev nkag siab ntawm HDL-C.

Hauv txoj kev tshawb nrhiav METEOR, rosuvastatin txoj kev kho mob ua rau qeeb tus nqi zuj zus ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws tuab ntawm intima-media complex (TCIM) rau 12 ntu ntawm cov carotid artery piv nrog cov placebo. Piv nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb hauv pawg rosuvastatin, qhov txo qis ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws TCIM los ntawm 0.0014 hli / xyoo tau muab piv nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov ntsuas no los ntawm 0.0131 hli / xyoo hauv pawg placebo. Txog hnub, txoj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev txo qis hauv TCIM thiab qhov kev txo qis hauv qhov pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab plawv tshwm sim tsis tau pom.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm JUPITER tau qhia tias rosuvastatin txo qis txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho cov hlab plawv mob nrog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm txheeb ze ntawm 44%. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob tau sau tseg tom qab thawj 6 lub hlis ntawm kev siv tshuaj. Muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb txo qis ntawm 48% hauv cov qauv ua ke, suav nrog kev tuag los ntawm kev mob plawv, mob ntshav hlab ntsha thiab myocardial infarction, muaj 54% tsawg dua ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tuag lossis tsis mob ntshav myocardial infarction, thiab 48% txo qis dua qhov tuag taus lossis tsis tuag. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm ploj tuag txog 20% ​​nyob rau hauv pab pawg rosuvastatin. Cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb hauv cov neeg mob noj 20 mg rosuvastatin feem ntau zoo ib yam li daim ntawv muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv cov pab pawg placebo.

Cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 529 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Biocom (Russia)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • Ntsiav tshuaj 10 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe ntawm 110 rubles
  • Ntsiav tshuaj 20 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 186 rubles
Atorvastatin cov nqi hauv cov khw muag tshuaj online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Atorvastatin yog ib ntsiav tshuaj tsim tawm los npaj rau kev kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob plawv. Contraindicated thaum cev xeeb tub, lactation thiab hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 161 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Tus Kws Tshuaj (Russia)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • Ntsiav tshuaj 10 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 478 rubles
  • Ntsiav tshuaj 20 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 790 rubles
Acorta cov nqi hauv cov khw muag tshuaj online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Akorta yog tshuaj Lavxias ua uas muaj nyob hauv cov qauv tshuaj thiab tau npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Contraindicated nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub thiab lactation. Muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim.

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 176 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: AstraZeneca (UK)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • Ntsiav tshuaj 10 mg, 7 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 463 rubles
  • Ntsiav tshuaj 20 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 790 rubles
Cov nqi rau Crestor hauv cov khw hauv online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Krestor yog yeeb tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Raws li cov tshuaj nquag, rosuvastatin hauv ib qhov nyiaj ntawm 5 mg yog siv. rau 1 ntsiav tshuaj. Muaj cov contraindications thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim.

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 180 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Kide-oo Richter (Hungary)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • 5 mg ntsiav tshuaj, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 459 rubles
  • Ntsiav tshuaj 20 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 790 rubles
Mertenil tus nqi hauv cov khw muag tshuaj online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Mertenil yog neeg Hungarian lipid-txo cov tshuaj raws li rosuvastatin. Muag hauv thawv 30 pob. Cov cim tseem ceeb rau kev teem sijhawm: hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia (hom IV raws li Fredrickson), nrog rau kev tiv thaiv thawj ntawm cov kev mob plawv tseem ceeb (mob hlab ntsha tawg, mob plawv nres, hlab plawv tawm tsam).

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 223 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Krka (Slovenia)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • Tab. p / obol. 5 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe txij li 416 rubles
  • Ntsiav tshuaj 20 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 790 rubles
Tus nqi Roxer hauv khw muag tshuaj online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Roxera yog lipid-txo qis tshuaj ntawm Slovenian ntau lawm. Muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj rosuvastatin hauv ib daim li 5 txog 20 mg. Siv los normalize cov ntshav siab.

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 371 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Belupo (Croatia)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • Ntsiav tshuaj 10 mg 14 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 268 rubles
  • Ntsiav tshuaj 20 mg, 30 pcs., Nqe los ntawm 790 rubles
Rosistark cov nqi hauv cov khw muag tshuaj online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Rosistark yog hypolipidemic tshuaj ntawm statins pawg. Suav nrog rosuvastatin lwg me me. Lowers cov rog thiab nws cov feem ua haujlwm, tshem tawm qhov ua rau endothelial tsis ua haujlwm. Nws muaj antiproliferative thiab antioxidant zog. Nws yog tshuaj rau hypercholesterolemia, nce triglycerides hauv cov ntshav, txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov muaj mob ntawm atherosclerosis thiab txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm vascular xwm txheej. Txhua yam khoom uas muaj cov rosuvastatin siv tau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm nruab hnub, tsis hais txog ntawm cov khoom noj. Tsis pom zoo contraindications rau kev siv yog cov kab mob hnyav ntawm lub raum thiab mob siab, mob myopathy, cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, cov feem ntau yog cem quav, mob taub hau, thiab mob nqaij.

Cov pev txig yog cov pheej yig dua los ntawm 305 rubles.

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Aegis (Hungary)
Cov Ntawv Tso Tawm:

  • Tab. p / obol. 5 mg, 28 pcs., Nqe txij li 334 rubles
  • Tab. p / obol. 10 mg, 28 pcs., Nqe txij li 450 rubles
Rosulip nqi hauv khw muag tshuaj online
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Rosulip yog lwm rosuvastatin ntawm chav kawm statin. Nws yog tsim tawm, zoo li Rosart, zoo li txhua yam rosuvastatins uas twb muaj lawm, hauv cov qauv hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj. Thaum noj, nws txo qis cov roj (cholesterol) kom tsawg, cov roj lipoproteins tsawg (ntau thiab tsawg) ntawm cov lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL), triglycerides, thiab nce lipoproteins ntau ntom, uas tiv thaiv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm kev mob plawv thiab lub hlwb. Txhim kho cov roj ntsha ua haujlwm, txwv tsis pub tsim cov atherosclerotic plaques. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv, ntau npaum thiab kev coj noj coj ua, contraindications thiab phiv yog zoo tib yam rau Rosart thiab Rosistark, vim tias tag nrho cov tshuaj no muaj rosuvastatin.

Tshuaj muaj yees

Txhawm rau xaiv cov analogues ntawm Rosucard, koj yuav tsum tau xam seb nws muaj cov yam ntxwv. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 10 mg ntsiav tshuaj. Cov tshuaj txo cov tshuaj lipoproteins tsawg kawg, lossis "roj" tsis zoo, thiab qhov nyiaj lipoproteins ntau ntau. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ua ke yog rosuvastatin.

Nws yog siv rau atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia. Nws tuaj yeem raug siv ua prophylactic tiv thaiv cov kab mob plawv.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sib xyaw ua ke noj cov tshuaj nrog cov roj lipid, uas yog, khoom noj khoom haus, nyob rau hauv uas cov rog rog txo.

Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj yuav tsum kav ib hlis. Cov koob tshuaj yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob ib leeg zuj zus. Txoj kev kho yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm tus neeg mob cov roj (cholesterol) thiab ntshav qabzib ntau, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem.

Koj tsis tuaj yeem coj cov neeg uas muaj cov kab mob zoo li no:

  • mob siab thiab mob raum,
  • mob hlwb
  • hypothyroidism.

Tsis tas li, cov tshuaj tsis pom zoo thaum cev xeeb tub, lactation, menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo, nrog kev lactose tsis haum.

Kev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem siv nrog kev haus dej caw thiab Cyclosporin immunosuppressant. Kev ceev faj yuav tsum tau muab rau cov neeg mob uas muaj 65 xyoos rov hauv thiab cov neeg ntawm haiv neeg ntawm haiv neeg Moob.

Lub sijhawm kho mob, cov kev mob tshwm sim tom qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim:

  • kiv taub hau
  • mob taub hau
  • xeev siab
  • cem quav
  • asthenia
  • kev fab tshuaj tiv thaiv
  • lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Tus nqi ntawm ib cov tshuaj uas muaj 30 ntsiav tshuaj yog 870 rubles.

Analogues ntawm cov tshuaj

Akorta yog hom ntawm Rosucard, lossis kev sib npaug ntawm Lavxias. Nws muaj tib cov tshuaj qub. Muaj nyob hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 10 thiab 20 mg. Cov ntsuas, contraindications thiab phiv yog tib yam li Rosucard. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog pheej yig dua - 653 rubles.

Cov Atomax Cov tshuaj no yog tsim ua ke los ntawm Russia thiab Is Nrias teb. Lub hauv paus ua haujlwm tseem ceeb yog atorvastatin calcium trihydrate. Muaj nyob hauv ntsiav tshuaj daim ntawv.

Nws yog siv rau cov roj (cholesterol) siab. Contraindicated nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, cev xeeb tub thiab lactating poj niam. Ceev faj yuav tsum tau ua rau kev ua txhaum nyob rau hauv daim siab, ntshav siab, ntshav qis, cov kab mob endocrine, kev haus dej cawv ntev, mob vwm.

Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev mob tshwm sim:

  • asthenia
  • insomnia
  • mob taub hau
  • coov hauv pob ntseg
  • hws
  • npaws.

Lub sij hawm ntawm kev kho mob yog 2-4 lub lis piam. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog 323 rubles.

Lipitor - tshuaj uas txo cov roj cholesterol, khoom lag luam German. Cov tshuaj muaj nqis yog atorvastatin. Tus nqi yog 630 rubles.

Pravastatin yog ib qho analogue ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Russia thiab Slovenia. Cov tshuaj phiv tshuaj yog pravastatin sodium. Nrog rau cov roj (cholesterol) siab, cov tshuaj muaj qhov ua kom zoo rau nws. Kuj tseem txo cov nyiaj triglycerins, qis lipoproteins.

Nws yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv kev rov ua mob plawv hauv lub plawv, mob plawv, mob ntshav tawm tsam, angina pectoris Siv los ua qhov txuas rau lipid-txo cov zaub mov noj kom tsawg.

Cov tshuaj yog contraindicated rau daim siab mob siab, cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, haus dej cawv.

Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yog los ntawm 7 txog 28 hnub. Nws yog nqa nrog kev soj ntsuam tas li ntawm qib lipid.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog 650 rubles rau 10 ntsiav tshuaj.

Koj tuaj yeem hloov Rosucard nrog cov ntsiav tshuaj Romanian-ua - Simvastol. Cov tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm ntawm tshuaj yog simvastatin. Nws txo qis cov roj cholesterol. Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yog 1-1.5 lub hlis.

Nws yog qhia txog kev mob ntshav siab thiab mob plawv.

Kev kho nrog cov tshuaj yog contraindicated hauv cov kab mob zoo li no:

  • qaug dab peg
  • daim siab mob
  • hypotension
  • tsis ntev los no cov raug mob thiab cov haujlwm.

Tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv:

  • flatulence
  • xeev siab
  • kiv taub hau
  • anemia
  • ESR nce ntxiv
  • tsawg potency.

Cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum quag cawv thaum tsaus ntuj, haus dej zoo nrog. Nws tsis pom zoo kom los sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj zoo li no:

  • antifungal tus neeg sawv cev
  • nicotinic acid
  • cytostatics
  • tshuaj thaiv tsev.

Nws tseem yuav tsum tau yug nyob rau hauv lub siab tias kev siv kua txiv kab ntxwv qaub ua kom zoo dua cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog 211 rubles.

Ariescor yog Lavxias tus neeg ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li:

  • simvastatin
  • ascorbic acid
  • citric acid
  • lactose.

Tus nqi ntawm Lavxias analogue yog 430 rubles.

Zokor - cov tshuaj raws simvastatin. Nws yog siv rau cov roj (cholesterol) siab. Lub teb chaws uas tsim cov khoom muag yog Netherlands. Kev taw qhia thiab contraindications yog tib yam. Tus nqi yog 572 rubles.

Ua ntej hloov cov ntsiav tshuaj uas txo cov roj cholesterol, koj yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob tas li.

Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws hloov rau Rosucard

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 529 rubles.

Atorvastatin yog tshuaj hypocholesterolemic, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog lwm HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor: atorvastatin. Cov no yog 10, 15 thiab 20 mg tsiav tshuaj. Nws yog qhia rau hypercholesterolemia ntawm keeb kwm twg, cov kab mob muaj keeb - dysbetalipoproteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, qee hom hyperlipidemia, kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Qhov ntau npaum li cas tsis yog nyob ntawm kev sib tw thiab thaj tsam li 10 txog 80 mg ntawm cov tshuaj ib hnub. Contraindicated nyob rau hauv daim siab tsis ua hauj lwm, tus neeg tsis kam txais rau cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, thiab muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo. Tsis sib xws nrog ntau yam tshuaj.

Rosistark (ntsiav tshuaj) Ntsuas: 40 Sab saum toj

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 371 rubles.

Rosistark yog ib qho tshuaj ntxiv ntawm Rosucard, muaj nyob hauv ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 10, 20 thiab 40 mg. Nws yog tshuaj rau tib yam kabmob raws li lwm cov tshuaj, cov tshuaj phiv uas yog rosuvastatin, hauv nws cov kev qhia thiab contraindications tseem tsis txawv ntawm lawv. Nws tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb kev xav, vim li ntawd nws tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov tsav tsheb thiab cov neeg uas tswj lwm cov khoom siv.

Cov pev txig yog cov pheej yig dua los ntawm 305 rubles.

Rosulip muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj. Cov khoom siv nquag: rosuvastatin. Muab koob tshuaj: 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg. Ua lub zog tiv thaiv HMG-CoA reductase, rosuvastatin txo cov roj ntshav cov roj thiab triglycerides thiab raug tshuaj rau atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia tshwm sim los ntawm kev muaj keeb thiab muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog, hypertriglyceridemia. Lub bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj no yog siab dua hauv cov neeg ntawm haiv neeg Mongoloid, yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj raws li nws tau sau tseg nrog ceev faj. Kev siv tshuaj txhua hnub, nyob ntawm tus kab mob thiab nws qhov mob hnyav, yog los ntawm 10 txog 40 mg.

Cov analogue yog pheej yig dua los ntawm 223 rubles.

Roxera kiag li coincides raws li kev taw qhia nrog lwm yam Rosucard hloov uas muaj rosuvastatin, los ua cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog qhov tshuaj ntau npaum li 5, 10, 15 lossis 20 mg. Daim ntawv teev cov khoom cuav ntawm cov lus sib kis thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem pom saum toj no, nrog rau kev taw qhia rau kev siv. Nws tsis yog siv nrog rau cyclosporine thiab lwm yam tshuaj.

Cov chaw muag tshuaj

Lub ntsiab lus nquag hauv cov tshuaj Rosucard rosuvastatin, muaj cov yam ntxwv los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm reductase, thiab txo cov synthesis ntawm mevalonate lwg me me, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov synthesis ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov thawj kauj ruam hauv kev mob hlwb.

Cov tshuaj no muaj qhov qhia tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lipoproteins, txo lawv cov synthesis los ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm, uas txo qis cov lipoproteins molecular hnyav hauv cov ntshav thiab ua rau kom cov concentration ntawm lipoproteins siab molecular.

Pharmacokinetics ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard:

  • Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom nquag plias hauv cov ntshav plasma muaj pes tsawg leeg, tom qab noj cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshwm sim tom qab 5 teev,
  • Lub bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj yog 20.0%,
  • Rosucard raug rau hauv qhov system nyob ntawm kev ua kom ntau ntxiv,
  • 90.0% ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard khi rau cov ntshav plasma protein, feem ntau, nws yog proteinin,
  • Cov roj metabolism hauv cov tshuaj hauv lub siab ua rau theem pib yog li 10.0%,
  • Rau cytochrome isoenzyme No. P450, cov tshuaj ua kom nquag plias rosuvastatin yog cov khoom siv tshuaj,
  • Cov tshuaj tawm los ntawm 90.0% nrog quav, thiab lub plab hnyuv muaj lub luag haujlwm rau nws,
  • 10.0 yog tawm siv lub raum hlwb nrog zis,
  • Cov tshuaj pharmacokinetics ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard tsis yog nyob ntawm seb muaj hnub nyoog li cas ntawm cov neeg mob, nrog rau cov tub los ntxhais. Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm zoo ib yam nkaus, ob qho tib si hauv lub cev ntawm tus neeg hluas thiab hauv lub cev laus, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog laus yuav tsum tsuas yog cov koob tshuaj tsawg kawg nkaus rau kev kho mob ntawm cov roj cholesterol siab hauv cov ntshav.

Kev pib kho qhov mob ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm Rosacard pawg statins tuaj yeem hnov ​​tom qab noj cov tshuaj rau 7 hnub. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob tuaj yeem pom tom qab noj cov ntsiav tshuaj rau 14 hnub.

Qhov mob tseem ceeb rau kev noj tshuaj yog kom kawm meej cov lej thiab ua raws txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo, tom qab ntawd cov nyhuv kho yuav ntau.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard nyob ntawm qhov chaw tsim tshuaj, lub teb chaws uas cov tshuaj ua. Cov tshuaj Lavxias analogues ntawm cov tshuaj yog pheej yig dua, tab sis cov nyhuv tshuaj tsis cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov lus sib piv Lavxias ntawm Rosucard, raws li txo cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov roj ntshav, ntxiv rau cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard hauv Lavxias Federation:

  • Tus nqi ntawm rosucard 10.0 mg (30 ntsiav tshuaj) 550.00 rubles,
  • Cov Tshuaj Noj Rosucard 10.0 mg (90 pcs.) 1540.00 rubles,
  • Cov tshuaj qub Rosucard 20.0 mg. (30 tab.) 860.00 rubles.

Lub txee lub neej thiab siv cov ntsiav tshuaj Rosucard yog ib xyoos txij li hnub lawv tso. Tom qab hnub tas sij hawm, qhov tshuaj zoo dua tsis siv.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

Ua ntej thov kev siv tshuaj kho kom txo qis qhov ntsuas siab hauv cov ntshav cov roj cholesterol, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov kev siv tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov synthesis ntawm lipoproteins hauv lub cev:

  • Kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab kev ua si,
  • Kev tshem tawm ntawm txhua qhov kev xav hauv lub cev (cawv thiab quav cawv),
  • Noj cov zaub mov tiv thaiv kev rog txhawm rau txo cov ntshav lipids thiab hlawv cov phaus ntxiv.

Yog tias tag nrho cov tshuaj tsis raws roj cov tshuaj tswj tsis tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig, ces tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab txog kev teem caij noj tshuaj ntawm pawg statin.

Raws li ntau tus kws kho mob, statins yuav tsum tau noj nrog kev noj zaub mov roj, uas yuav pab tau kom muaj txiaj ntsig cov roj (cholesterol) ntau dua nyob rau lub sijhawm luv.

Heev feem ntau, hauv kev kho lub ntsiab ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav, Kuv siv cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj rosuvastatin nquag.

Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv, uas yog muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj, kev siv tshuaj Rosucard yog tshuaj rau cov kab mob zoo li no ntawm lub cev:

  • Heterozygous hypercholesterolemia,
  • Hom sib xyaw hypercholesterolemia,
  • Thawj pathology ntawm hypercholesterolemia,
  • Hypertriglycerinemia,
  • Pathology ntawm cov hlab ntshav atherosclerosis.

Kev siv cov tshuaj Rosucard hauv kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas ntawm cov kab mob zoo li no:

  • Kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau lub plawv nres
  • Nrog lub predisposition ntawm lub cev mus rau kev txhim kho angina pectoris,
  • Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cerebral ischemia mob stroke,
  • Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho vascular pathology ntawm atherosclerosis,
  • Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntshav siab Performance index hauv kub siab,
  • Tom qab phais tas ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntshav.

Heev feem ntau, hauv kev kho lub ntsiab ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav, Kuv siv cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj rosuvastatin nquag.

Cov Yuav Tsum Tau Ua

Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv los txo cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab pathologies ntawm lub cev:

  • Muaj lub siab lub cev ntawm lub cev mus rau cov tshuaj uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard,
  • Lub siab ua mob npuas siab
  • Mob siab thiab raum tsis ua haujlwm
  • Nyob rau hauv kev mob raum tsis zoo,
  • Nrog nce transaminase Performance index,
  • Nrog pathology, myopathy,
  • Thaum cev xeeb tub hauv poj niam,
  • Thaum lub sijhawm pub mis rau menyuam noj.

Tsis tas li, Rosucard tsis tau raug muab rau cov poj niam ntawm kev yug menyuam uas tsis siv tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Muaj cov tshuaj contraindications rau qhov teem caij rau cov tshuaj Rosucard, nrog ntau qhov ntau kawg hauv ib ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm rosuvastatin ntawm 40.0 milligrams:

  • Nrog rau cov dej cawv ntev, cov tshuaj Rosucard tsis tau sau tseg,
  • Kev ua tsis taus ntawm cov kev mob nyhav ib nrab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum hloov raum,
  • Nrog rau cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim pathology, myopathy,
  • Pathology hypothyroidism, hauv cov ntawv hais,
  • Kev kho mob ntawm cov rog hauv siab nrog cov tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg fibrate,
  • Sepsis hauv cov ntshav
  • Cov neeg mob siab siab
  • Tom qab phais lub cev,
  • Kev tsim tawm ntawm qaug dab peg hauv lub cev thiab pathologies ntawm cov leeg nqaij,
  • Pathology ntawm tus mob vwm,
  • Kev ua txhaum nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem hauv lub cev hauv lub cev, uas tshwm sim hauv ib daim ntawv loj.

Tsis txhob noj tshuaj rau cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub

Yuav ua li cas noj rosucard?

Cov tshuaj Rosucard yuav tsum tau noj qhov ncauj nrog qhov dej txaus. Kev ntxo me me hauv ntsiav tshuaj yog qhov txwv tsis pub, vim tias nws tau lo nrog daim nyias nyias uas yaj hauv txoj hnyuv.

Ua ntej pib txoj kev kho mob nrog kev siv tshuaj Rosucard, tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus anticholesterol, thiab kev noj haus yuav tsum nrog rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho nrog statins, raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rosuvastatin.

Tus kws kho mob ib qho zuj zus xaiv cov tshuaj rau txhua tus neeg mob, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim ntsuas, nrog rau kev cia siab rau tus neeg mob lub cev.

Tsuas yog kws kho mob, yog tias tsim nyog, paub yuav hloov cov ntsiav tshuaj Rosucard. Koob tshuaj hloov kho thiab hloov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj tshwm sim tsis pub dhau ob lub lim tiam txij li lub sijhawm muab tshuaj.

Kev muab tshuaj rau Rosucard noj tshuaj thawj zaug yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 10.0 milligrams (ib ntsiav tshuaj) ib hnub ib zaug.

Maj mam, hauv chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob, yog tias tsim nyog, tsis pub dhau 30 hnub, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab nce qhov ntau ntxiv.

Txhawm rau txhawm rau nce cov tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard, cov laj thawj hauv qab no xav tau:

  • Daim foos hnyav ntawm hypercholesterolemia, uas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 40.0 milligrams,
  • Yog tias thaum noj tshuaj ntau txog 10.0 milligrams, lipogram pom tias yuav txo qis cov cholesterol. Tus kws kho mob ntxiv qhov ntau npaum ntawm 20.0 milligrams, lossis tam sim ntawd qhov siab tshaj plaws,
  • Nrog rau cov kev mob nyhav heev ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm,
  • Nrog kev ua tiav qib ntawm pathology, atherosclerosis.

Qee tus neeg mob, ua ntej nce ntxiv rau ntau npaum, xav tau cov kev mob tshwj xeeb:

  • Yog tias lub siab ua rau lub siab ua rau tus menyuam yaus-Pugh tau qhab nia ntawm 7.0, tom qab ntawd nce qib tshuaj ntawm Rosucard tsis pom zoo,
  • Yog tias lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, koj tuaj yeem pib siv tshuaj nrog 0.5 ntsiav tshuaj hauv ib hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem maj mam nce cov tshuaj ntau dua rau 20.0 milligrams, lossis txawm tias ntau npaum li cas,
  • Hauv kev mob raum tsis ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj statins tsis raug tso cai,
  • Qhov mob nyhav rau lub raum hloov khoom nruab nrog. Qhov ntau kawg ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard tsis yog kws kho los ntawm kws kho mob,
  • Yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pathology, myopathy kuj tseem xav pib nrog 0.5 ntsiav tshuaj thiab koob 40.0 milligrams txwv.

Koob tshuaj hloov kho thaum kho

Noj ntau dhau

Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm Rosucard tsis cuam tshuam rau pharmacokinetics ntawm cov tshuaj. Kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev noj ntau dhau tsis tshwm sim. Tsis muaj cov kev paub tshwj xeeb tau tsim los tshem tawm kev siv ntau tshaj ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho cov tsos mob ntawm kev haus ntau dhau ntawm statins. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam tas li los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub siab ua haujlwm thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, ntsuas.

Kev siv ntawm hemodialysis, nrog kev tshaj tawm ntawm statin, tsis muaj lub zog zoo ntawm lub cev.

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Hauv ntau lub teb chaws, kev muag tshuaj yog coj los ntawm kws kho mob nkaus xwb, peb muaj ntau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev ncig dawb, uas txhawb ntau tus neeg mob sim lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab noj tshuaj raws li kev coj tus kheej.

Qhov no yog fraught nrog txoj kev rau txim rau lub cev, vim tias cov neeg mob tsis coj mus rau hauv txhua qhov kev nyuaj ntawm kev phiv los ntawm cov tshuaj hauv lub cev. Tsis tas li, tsis muaj coob tus neeg paub txog cov tshuaj sib cuam tshuam li cas thaum noj lawv.

Lub rooj qhia cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim tshuaj tshuaj Rosucard thaum sib tham nrog lwm cov tshuaj:

Hom tshuaj thiab nws cov koob tshuaj txhua hnubtxhua hnub koob tshuaj ntawm rosucardcov kev hloov hauv AUC tshuaj Rosucard
tshuaj Atazanavir 300.0 mg thiab tshuaj Ritonavir 100.0 mg ib zaug. / hnub., rau 8 hnub.10.0 mg ib zaug.3.1 lub sij hawm nce.
Cyclosporine los ntawm 75.0 mg ob zaug ib hnub. txog 200.0 mg ob zaug ib hnub., ib nrab xyoo10.0 mgsiab dua ntawm 7.1 p.
noj tshuaj Lopinavir 400.0 mg / tshuaj Ritonavir 100.0 mg ob zaug. / hnub.20.0 mgnce hauv 2.1 p.
Simeprivir ntsiav tshuaj 150.0 mg 1 lub sijhawm / hnub.10.0 mg2.80 p. Siab dua
Eltrombopak 75.0 mg ib hnub / hnub.10.0 mgsiab tshaj ntawm 1.6 p.
tshuaj gemfibrozil 600.0 mg ob zaug / hnub.80.0 mgnce ntawm 1.90 p.
Tipranavir 500.0 mg thiab Ritonavir 200.0 mg10.0 mgnce ntawm 1.40 p.
tshuaj Darunavir 600.0 mg thiab tshuaj Ritonavir 100.0 mg ob zaug10.0 mgsaum toj no 1.50 p.
kev siv tshuaj Itraconazole 200.0 mg ib zaug10.0 mgnce ntawm 1.4 p.
Dronedarone 400.0 mg ob zaug ib hnubtsis muaj ntaub ntawvnce hauv 1.2 p.
noj tshuaj Fozamprenavir 700.0 mg thiab tshuaj Ritonavir 100.0 mg ob zaug10.0 mg1.4 p. Siab dua
tshuaj Aleglitazar 0.30 mg40.0 mgnruab nrab
Ezetimibe 10.0 mg ib zaug10.0 mgnruab nrab
Fenofibrate 67.0 mg thrice10.0 mgnruab nrab
Silymarin 140.0 mg peb zaug10.0 mgtsis muaj kev hloov
Ketoconazole 200.0 mg ob zaug80.0 mgtsis muaj kev hloov
Rifampicin 450.0 mg ib zaug20.0 mgtsis muaj kev hloov
tshuaj erythromycin 500.0 mg plaub zaug80.0 mg20.0% tsawg dua
tshuaj Fluconazole 200.0 mg ib-zaug80.0 mgnruab nrab
ntsiav tshuaj Baikalin 50.0 mg peb zaug20.0 mg47.0% qis dua

Cov tib neeg siv Rosucard thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, nrog rau luminium thiab magnesium, txo qhov concentration ntawm statin los ntawm 2 zaug. Yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj no nrog ncua sijhawm ntev li 2 mus rau 3 teev, ces qhov cuam tshuam zoo yuav raug txo kom tsawg.

Thaum muab cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj rosucard thiab cov tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv protease, ces AUC0-24 ntau ntxiv.

Hais txog cov neeg muaj mob, HIV muaj qhov tsis xwm yeem thiab muaj cov kev rau txim nyuaj.

Sab sij huam

Yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj kom raug, thiab nruj me ntsis rau txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo rau kev noj Rosucard, nrog rau kev noj zaub mov, tom qab ntawd muaj kev phiv tshuaj heev rau lub cev yuav zam tau.

Tab sis cov chaw tsim khoom tseem sau cia qee qhov kev tsis zoo ntawm lub cev mus rau kev noj tshuaj:

lub cev thiab nws cov kabmobheev ntautsis ntau zauspuav puavraug rho tawm tus neeg mobzaus tsis paub
ntshav systempathology ntawm qhov mob hemostatic - thrombocytopenia
endocrine pathologyhyperglycemia - ntshav qab zib
chaw ntawm lub poob siab mobMob mob taub hau,nco tsis meejPw tsaug zog ntxhov,
· Kiv taub hau,Pathology ntawm polyneuropathy.
kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev txav tsis tau.
kev nyuaj siab mob hlwbNyuaj siab hauv lub xeev
Qhov txaus ntshai
Apathy.
cov hnyuvMob mob plab plab,
Zawv plab
cem quav
pancreatic pathology - pancreatitis.
cov kab mob ua paQhov hnoos qhuav heev
Ua tsis taus pa
· Nws ua pa nyuaj.
hepatic hloov khoom nruab nrogtransaminase index hauv hepatic hloov cov qe ntshav nce siabo rau cov mob hlwb - mob rau daim siab
daim tawv nqaij integumentDaim tawv nqaij ua pob,Johnson-Stevenson kev mob
Khaus khaus,
Kev khaus heev.
lub cev pob txha thiab cov leeg txhapathology myalgiamyopathy kab mobpathology arthralgiaTendon rupture,
Myopathy ntawm necrotic xwm.
qhov chaw mosgynecological plab hnyuv siab raum
cov kab mob zisurethral pathology - hematuria
dav dav ntawm kev ua txhaumasthenia pathologyo rau lub ntsej muag thiab nqua.

Qhov ntau zaus ntawm kev tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm lub cev yog nyob ntawm ntau yam:

  • Nce cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav (nyob rau lub plab khoob 5.6 mmol ib liter thiab siab dua),
  • BMI siab dua 30 kilo ib taws,
  • Ntshav triglyceride siab tshaj,
  • Tawg siab.

Npaj, nyob rau hauv uas rosuvastatin ua raws li ib tug active yam, yog tsim ntau heev. Nws yog tsim nyob hauv ntau lub teb chaws, suav nrog cov tuam ntxhab Lavxias.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard muaj ntau pheej yig dua li piv txwv txawv teb chaws.

Cov tshuaj tsim pheej yig hauv Lavxias kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo qis roj cholesterol, thiab cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws, uas yog nyob rau hauv nqe ntau tus nqi.

Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaiv qhov tshuaj pleev ib ce los kho. Analogues ntawm cov tshuaj Rosucard, nrog rau nws cov generics:

  • Cov tshuaj yog Torvacard,
  • Mertenil tshuaj,
  • Statin Rosuvastatin,
  • Cov tshuaj Krestor,
  • Tshuaj Kho Mob Roxer
  • Generic Atorek,
  • Tshuaj Zokor,
  • Cov tshuaj Rosuvakard.

Xaus

Cov tshuaj Rosucard tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov cholesterol hauv cov ntshav, tsuas yog ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav siab.

Kev tsis ua raws li kev noj haus yuav ncua kev kho kom zoo thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm lub cev.

Cov tshuaj Rosucard tuaj yeem siv tsis tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj rau tus kheej, thiab thaum sau ntawv yuav txwv tsis pub nws tus kheej kho cov tshuaj, ntxiv rau hloov pauv kev kho mob.

Yuri, 50 xyoo, Kaliningrad: Statins txo qis kuv cov roj khov ua feem nyob hauv peb lis piam. Tab sis tom qab ntawd, qhov Performance index sawv dua, thiab kuv yuav tsum tau coj ib chav kho mob nrog statin ntsiav tshuaj dua.

Tsuas yog thaum tus kws kho mob tau hloov kuv cov tshuaj yav dhau los rau Rosucard, Kuv pom tau hais tias cov tshuaj no tsis tuaj yeem tsuas coj kuv cov roj (cholesterol) rov qab mus rau qhov qub, tab sis kuj tseem tsis nce ntxiv tom qab ib txoj kev kho.

Natalia, 57 xyoo, Ekaterinburg: cov cholesterol pib nce siab thaum lub cev ntas, thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis tuaj yeem txo nws. Kuv tau noj cov tshuaj rosuvastatin los tau 2 xyoo. 3 lub hlis dhau los, tus kws kho mob tau hloov kuv cov tshuaj dhau los nrog Rosucard ntsiav tshuaj.

Kuv xav tias nws cov nyhuv tam sim ntawd kuv zoo siab thiab kuv xav tsis thoob tias kuv tuaj yeem poob 4 phaus ntawm cov cev hnyav.

Nesterenko N.A., kws kho plawv, Novosibirsk Kuv sau cov tshuaj statins rau kuv cov neeg mob tsuas yog thaum txhua txoj hauv kev txo cov roj (cholesterol) kuj tau sim thiab muaj qhov pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim cardio pathologies, nrog rau atherosclerosis.

Statins muaj ntau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cev, uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej zoo ntawm cov neeg mob.

Tab sis siv cov tshuaj Rosucard hauv kuv xyaum, Kuv pom tias cov neeg mob yws yws txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm statins. Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo rau kev siv yuav muab rau tus neeg mob nrog qhov tsawg ntawm cov kev tsis zoo ntawm lub cev.

Cia Koj Saib