Lipidogram - kuaj ntshav rau cov roj (cholesterol)

Ua tiav cov Kuaj Roj Txhawj kuj tseem hu ua lipid vaj huam sib luag lossis lipid profile, kuaj ntshav los kuaj xyuas cov teeb meem hauv lipids xws li cov cholesterol (tag nrho, HDL thiab LDL) thiab triglycerides.

Cov roj (cholesterol) yog cov ua muag roj ua kom tsis txhob ua ntau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov roj (cholesterol) tuaj yeem ua rau:

1. kab mob plawv
2. mob stroke
3. arteriosclerosis, txhaws lossis cov hlab ntsha tawv

Cov txiv neej yuav tsum kuaj xyuas lawv cov qib roj cholesterol kom cuag ncua, pib txij hnub nyoog 35 lossis yau dua. Rau cov poj niam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum pib ntsuas cov roj (cholesterol) thaum muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos lossis qis dua. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem tawm tsam cov roj (cholesterol) txhua tsib xyoo, pib txij hnub nyoog 20.

Yog tias koj tau kuaj mob ntshav qab zib, mob stroke, ntshav siab, txhua yam kab mob plawv, lossis yog tias koj noj tshuaj los tswj koj cov roj (cholesterol), koj yuav tsum kuaj xyuas koj cov roj cholesterol txhua xyoo.

Ntshav muaj roj

Hauv kev kuaj ntshav biochemical, cov roj (cholesterol) tau raug pom nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol), triglycerides, LDL cov roj (cov roj lipoproteins tsawg lossis roj LDL), roj cholesterol HDL (cov roj lipoproteins ntau lossis HDL) thiab K_{tab sis}.

Atherogenic coefficient (K_{tab sis}) - Lub laij ntsuas lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob atherosclerosis.

Cov txheej txheem rau xam ntawm atherogenic coefficient (K_{tab sis})

qhov twg H yog tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol), HDL yog cov roj (cov lipoprotein ntau ntom)

Atherogenicity coefficient ntsuas:

• txog li 3 - tus qauv
• txog 4 - qhov ntsuas pom ntau ntxiv, kom txo qis ntawm cov khoom noj pom zoo thiab nce kev tawm dag zog
• saum toj 4 - qhov kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim mob atherosclerosis, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua

Cov roj (cholesterol tag nrho)

Cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho yog cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov ntshav. Theem siab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob plawv ntxiv rau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) yuav tsum qis dua 200 milligrams ib qhov deciliter (mg / dl) lossis 5.2 millimoles ib liter (mmol / l).

Feem ntau cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho los ntawm 3.6 mmol / l txog 7,8 mmol / l

Triglycerides

HDL rau cov txiv neej qis dua 1.16 mmol / L, thiab hauv cov poj niam qis dua 0.9 mmol / L yog qhov pom ntawm atherosclerosis lossis ischemic mob plawv. Nrog rau kev txo qis hauv HDL rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw muaj nuj nqis (hauv poj niam 0.9-1.40 mmol / L, hauv cov txiv neej 1.16-1.68 mmol / L), peb tuaj yeem tham txog kev txhim kho atherosclerosis thiab mob plawv. Kev nce tawm ntawm HDL qhia tau hais tias kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho cov kab mob plawv yog qhov tsawg heev.

Hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm atherosclerosis - mob stroke, nyeem kab lus: Mob stroke

Mus rau ntawm tshooj uas hais ntawm LABORATORY RESEARCH

LDL ("tsis zoo") cov roj (cholesterol)

Cov Roj Cholesterol (LDL) - Cov Roj lipoproteins tsawg (LDL). Qee zaum hu ua cov "cholesterol" phem. Ntau dhau ntawm cov ntshav ua rau kev txuam nrog cov rog rog (plaques) hauv cov hlab ntsha (atherosclerosis), uas ua rau cov ntshav khiav tsawg dua.

LDL cov cholesterol yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 130 mg / dL (3.4 mmol / L). Qeb qis dua 100 mg / dl (2.6 mmol / L) yog qhov tsim nyog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ntshav qab zib, mob plawv lossis vascular.

LDL cov roj cholesterol. Kev cai rau txiv neej yog 2.02-4.79 mmol / l, rau cov poj niam 1.92-4.51 mmol / l.

Cov Kev Pom Zoo Zoo

Cov ntsiab lus pom zoo rau cov roj (LDL) cov roj (LDL) tau tsim los ntawm American Heart Association, NIH thiab NCEP (2003) (nco ntsoov tias ntau ntau tsuas yog kev tawm tswv yim hauv qhov xwm txheej).

High LDL nrog HDL tsawg yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntxiv rau kab mob plawv.

Txoj kev ua rau LDL roj ntau ntau

Qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog txo qis cov khw muag khoom muaj roj nyob sab hauv lub plab (plab muaj roj), ntxiv rau kev txo cov rog txhua qhov. Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob ua khoom noj kib, luam yeeb thiab dej cawv. Cov zaub mov noj yuav tsum suav nrog cov khoom noj muaj roj polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3), tshuaj ntsuab, zaub tshiab, berries, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab legumes. Kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua tseem raug pom zoo;

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, kev kho mob lipid metabolism tsis txaus siab yuav tsum tau pib nrog kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem kev pheej hmoo thiab kev teem caij noj cov zaub mov roj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj peev xwm xav txog kev noj zaub mov zoo li kev kho mob monotherapy tsuas yog tias tus neeg mob npaj tau soj ntsuam nws thoob plaws nws lub neej.

Hauv cov tshuaj, tsib chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj siv los kho cov lipid metabolism tsis zoo:

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm methylglutaryl-CoA reductase ("statins"): lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin, cerivastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin.
• Fibrates: fenofibrate, simfibrate, ronifibrate, ciprofibrate, etofibrate, clofibrate, bezafibrate, aluminium clofibrate, gemfibrozil, clofibrid.
• Cov lus qhia ntawm nicotinic acid thiab niacin: niacin (nicotinic acid), niceritrol, nicotinyl cawv (pyr>

Txij li cov LDL hais tsis muaj teeb meem kom txog thaum lawv nyob sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab oxidized los ntawm cov dawb radicals, nws tau hais tias kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab txo cov teebmeem ntawm cov dawb radicals tuaj yeem txo qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm LDL rau atherosclerosis, txawm hais tias cov txiaj ntsig tsis tiav.

HDL ("zoo") cov roj (cholesterol)

Roj HDL Cholesterol - Qhov Ntshav Siab Lipoproteins (HDL). Qee zaum hu ua "cov roj" zoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, HDL cov cholesterol yuav tsum ntau tshaj 40 mg / dl (1.0 mmol / l) rau ib tug txiv neej thiab ntau dua 50 mg / dl (1.3 mg / dl) rau cov poj niam.

HDL roj. Qhov kev cai rau txiv neej yog 0.72-1.63 mmol / l, rau cov poj niam 0.86-2.28 mmol / l.

Txoj kev nce HDL

Qee qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev noj haus thiab kev tawm dag zog tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev nce qib HDL:

• Kev noj haus kom tsawg
• Kev tawm dag zog Aerobic
• Lub cev yuag
• Cov tshuaj ntxiv Magnesium Boost HDL-C
• Ntxiv Soluble Fiber rau cov Khoom Noj
• Kev noj cov omega-3 fatty acids uas yog cov roj ntses lossis roj flaxseed
• Pistachio ceev siv
• Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov CIS unsaturated nqaijrog
• Cov xov nruab nrab triglycerides xws li caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid thiab lauric acid
• Tshem tawm trans fatty acids ntawm cov khoom noj

Txoj kev uas yuav ua kom triglycerides

Kev poob phaus thiab kev noj haus yog hom kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau hypertriglyceridemia.

Rau cov neeg uas muaj triglycerides tsis txaus los sis pes tsawg, kev poob phaus, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev noj haus yog kev pom zoo. Kev noj haus yuav tsum txwv tsis pub muaj cov carbohydrates (tshwj xeeb fructose) thiab cov rog, suav nrog omega-3 fatty acids uas yog los ntawm algae, txiv ntoo thiab noob hauv cov zaub mov noj. Tshuaj kho mob tau raug pom zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj triglycerides siab uas tsis kho los ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ua neej nyob.

Cov rog hauv cov zaub mov

P.S. Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no yuav tsum raug siv rau ntaub ntawv nkaus xwb. Yuav tsum tau ua dab tsi los kho cov qib roj (cholesterol) kom txaus tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.

1. Cov lipoproteins ntau ntom
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0 % B8% D0% BD% D1% 8B_% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9_% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE % D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8
2. Tsawg Diav Lipoproteins https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0% B5% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 8B_% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9_% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8
3. Kev kuaj ntshav biochemical https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B9_% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% B7_% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8

Txhua yam ntaub ntawv yog rau kev qhia xwb. Tsis kam lees krok8.com

LDL nyob rau hauv kev kuaj ntshav biochemical yog dab tsi?

Kev noj tshuaj lipoproteins tsawg kawg yog hu ua feem ntau ntawm cov "roj" "roj", uas muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm atherogenicity thiab ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm atherosclerotic qhov chaw mob ntawm vascular phab ntsa. Hauv cov theem thaum ntxov ntawm lipid tsis txaus, thaum lipoproteins uas tsis muaj ntau tsuas yog pib nyob rau hauv vascular intima, HDL yog "ntes" thiab thauj mus rau lub siab, qhov uas lawv hloov mus rau hauv cov kua qaub kua qaub.

Yog li, lub cev ua kom muaj kev sib luag zoo ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev ncua ntev hauv LDL thiab qhov tsawg dua ntawm HDL, cov lipoproteins uas tsis muaj ntau ntxiv tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa, tab sis kuj ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mob, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm elastin fibers, ua raws li lawv hloov nrog daim ntaub txuas txhaws.

Lipoproteins uas tsawg tsawg yog dab tsi?

Cov roj (cholesterol) yog tus tswv cuab ntawm pawg steroid. Cov ntshav muaj nws raws li ib feem ntawm cov tebchaw nrog cov protein ua lub zog thauj. Qhov kev sib xyaw no hu ua lipoproteins los yog lipoproteins. Ib feem me me ntawm cov khoom no tseem pub dawb. Cov roj (cholesterol) no suav tias yog ntau dhau - nws tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov hlab plawv ischemia thiab lwm yam kab mob cuam tshuam nrog cov hlab plawv. Ntawm cov ntawv tseem ceeb dua ntawm cov roj (cholesterol), nws muaj:

1. Roj HDL, i.e. siab ceev lipoproteins. Hom no suav tau tias "muaj txiaj ntsig."
2. LDL roj, i.e. tsis tshua muaj ntom lipoproteins. Daim foos no "tsim kev puas tsuaj."

Kwv yees li 70% ntawm tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) uas muaj ntshav ntshav yog mus rau LDL. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws muaj peev xwm ua kom ntev rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntshav ntev dua li HDL. Vim li no, kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj cholesterol ua rau cov kev txuam nrog ntau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nqaij atherosclerotic plaques thiab ntau yam kabmob muaj feem rau cov hlab plawv.

Kuaj ntshav rau roj thiab lipid spectrum

Yog tias qhov kev taw qhia los ntawm tus kws kho mob suav nrog xws li lo lus xws li lipidogram, tom qab ntawd koj tau raug sau tseg:

• kuaj ntshav rau tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol),
• kawm txog lipoproteins tsawg ntom,
• kawm txog cov lipoproteins ntau ntom,
• tsom xam rau triglycerides.

Raws li kev txhais ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb, tus kws kho mob muaj cov cim tseem ceeb uas yuav pab nws ntsuas tus neeg mob, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab txog qhov kev pheej hmoo lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob siab, mob raum, mob plawv lossis autoimmune pathologies. Kev kuaj ntshav tsuas yog rau cov roj cholesterol tsis nqa cov ntaub ntawv ntau npaum li cov lipid profile, yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog siv los txiav txim siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho mob.

Yuav ua li cas kom dhau ib qho kev ntsuas rau cov cholesterol

Txog kev ntseeg tau ntawm txiaj ntsig, qhov kev soj ntsuam xav tau kev npaj kom zoo, uas tau qhia rau menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Lub sijhawm pom zoo rau kev noj ntshav ntawm txoj hlab ntsha yog thaum sawv ntxov. Kev tsom xam nws tus kheej yog muab rau ntawm lub plab khoob, thiab nyob rau Hmo ua ntej nws yog qhov zoo dua uas tsis suav cov kev ua si ntawm lub cev thiab cov zaub mov muaj roj. Koj tuaj yeem ua nws hauv chav kuaj kab mob tshuaj lom neeg, pej xeem lossis ntiag tug. Nyob rau hauv tom kawg, kev tshawb fawb tus nqi yog kwv yees li 200 r. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau xaiv tam sim ntawd kev kawm ntawm tag nrho cov lipid spectrum, tus nqi uas yog kwv yees li 500 r. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo 1 zaug hauv 5 xyoos los thov rau qhov kev soj ntsuam no, thiab tom qab 40 xyoo nws zoo dua los nqa tawm txhua xyoo.

Feem ntau ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav

Daim lipidogram qhia tau ntau qhov ntsuas:

• tag nrho cov qib roj cholesterol - OXS,
• Roj HDL (cholesterol) HDL,
• tus nqi ntawm LDL cov roj cholesterol - LDL cov roj (cholesterol),
• qib triglyceride - TG,
• atherogenic index - CA lossis IA.

LDL roj (cholesterol) thiab lwm yam ntsuas hauv cov pojniam yuav sib txawv. Tus nqi ntawm tag nrho yuav tsum yog nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 2.9-7.85 mmol / L. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog. Cov kev cai ntawm LDL rau cov poj niam tom qab 50 xyoo yog 2.28-5.72 mmol / L, thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau dua - 1.76-4.82 mmol / L. Cov ntsuas ntsuas, tsuas yog rau cov roj HDL yog 0.96-2.38 mmol / L thiab 0.93-2.25 mmol / L.

Tus nqi ntawm LDL cov roj cholesterol hauv tus txiv neej lub cev yog qhov lees paub yog tias nws tus nqi tsis mus dhau qhov ciaj ciam ntawm 2.02 txog 4.79 mmol / L. Qib ntawm HDL yog qhov sib txawv me me thiab muaj txog 0.98-1.91 mmol / l, uas yog cov txiv neej tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 50 xyoos. Thaum lub hnub nyoog loj dua, qhov nqi no nws txawv ntawm 0.72 txog 1.94 mmol / L. Qhov ntsuas ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho yuav tsum nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 3.6 mus rau 6.5 mmol / L.

Rau ib tus menyuam hnub nyoog 5-10 xyoo, qhov feem ntau ntawm LDL cov roj (cholesterol) yog suav hais tias yog tus nqi ntawm 1.63 txog 3.63 mmol / L. Hauv tus menyuam ntawm 10-15 xyoo, tus nqi no tsis hloov pauv thiab nce txij li 1.66 txog 3.52 hauv ib qho ntsuas. Rau lub sijhawm hnub nyoog 15-18 xyoo, qhov siab ntawm LDL cov cholesterol yuav tsum nyob hauv thaj tsam li ntawm 1,61 txog 3.55 mmol / L. Qee qhov kev txawv txav muaj peev xwm ua tau raws tus tub los ntxhais ntawm tus menyuam: hauv cov menyuam ntxhais qib siab dua me ntsis hauv tub.

Atherogenic coefficient

Muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm daim lipid profile, koj tuaj yeem xam cov coefficient lossis cov ntsiab lus ntawm atherogenicity, uas qhia txog cov feem ntawm "tsis zoo" thiab "cov roj" zoo hauv cov ntshav. Muaj 2 daim qauv rau kev suav qhov ntsuas no:

• KA = (OXC - HDL roj) - LDL,
• KA = Roj LDL roj / HDL roj.

Raws li cov qauv, nws yog qhov tseeb tias txhawm rau txiav txim siab atherogenic coefficient, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los faib qhov sib txawv ntawm tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) thiab HDL rau hauv LDL cov roj (cholesterol), lossis tam sim ntawd pom qhov quotient los ntawm "roj" "" thiab "zoo". Kev txiav tawm tus nqi uas tau txais yog nqa tawm raws li cov hauv qab no:

1. Yog tias CA tsawg dua 3, tom qab ntawd kev txhim kho ntawm atherosclerosis muaj qhov pheej hmoo tsawg kawg nkaus.
2. Yog tias SC nyob rau hauv thaj tsam li 3 txog 4, tom qab ntawv qhov zoo li ntawm kev txhim kho atherosclerosis lossis plhaw plhaw plhaw muaj siab.
3. Yog tias CA tshaj 5 dua, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerosis yog ntau tshaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, vascular pathologies, kab mob ntawm lub hlwb, lub plawv, ob lub raum lossis lim ntshav yuav tshwm sim.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias LDL cov roj (cholesterol) nce los yog qis dua

Yog tias cov roj (cholesterol) siab dua li ib txwm, vim li cas rau qhov no tej zaum yuav yog:

• daim siab pathology
• cov kab mob endocrine, piv txwv li, ntshav qab zib mellitus,
• metabolic ntshawv siab
• haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv ntau dhau,
• rog dhau
• kev noj tsis txaus
• kev ua neej nyob sedentary
• ntshav siab.

Koj tuaj yeem kho cov xwm txheej thiab coj cov roj cholesterol rov qab zoo li qub nrog kev pab los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb, kev siv dag zog thiab tshuaj noj. Cov tom kawg pib noj twb nyob rau hauv ntau mob. Raws li kev ua kis las thauj khoom tuaj yeem dhia luv luv lossis taug kev. Raws li kev nyiam nyiam, koj yuav tsum tso tseg:

• nyuaj cheese
• mayonnaise thiab lwm cov roj hnav,
• hnyuv ntxwm,
• ci thiab confectionery khoom,
• cream, qaub cream,
• semi-tiav khoom
• zaub roj
• nqaij ntawm cov rog qib.

Hloov chaw, koj yuav tsum tau haus cov kua txiv tshiab, kua txiv tshiab thiab zaub, ntses hiav txwv, tshwj xeeb yog salmon thiab sardines. Ua noj yuav ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm muab ci lossis muab cub.Los ntawm cov dej haus, cov tshuaj yej ntsuab muaj peev xwm txo qis cov roj (cholesterol). Caw yuav tiv nrog lub luag haujlwm no, tsuas yog liab thiab hauv cov koob tshuaj uas tsim nyog. Kev txo qis LDL yog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom tsis txhob mob lub cev tsawg, yog li, ntxiv rau kev noj zaub mov noj, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb.

Ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov roj cholesterol siab, statins feem ntau siv, piv txwv li, Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin lossis Rosuvastatin. Qhov tshuaj yeeb dej caw no muaj peev xwm txo qis kev tsim cov enzymes. Qee cov nroj tsuag tseem muaj cov statin. Cov no suav nrog St. John lub wort, hawthorn, fenugreek, lemongrass, Rhodiola rosea. Koj tuaj yeem siv lawv nyob rau hauv decoctions lossis tinctures.

Cov roj (cholesterol) nkag mus rau hauv lub cev li cas?

Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov kab mob hauv peb lub cev muaj peev xwm tsim cov roj cholesterol, peb lub cev nyiam kom tau txais cov khoom no nrog cov zaub mov. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm tua cov roj (molecules) roj. Lawv tau tawm ntawm tib neeg lub cev nrog rau cov kua tsib, vim qhov ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab. Nov yog tib txoj kev los ntxuav lub cev ntawm cov roj (cholesterol). Cov kua qaub uas muaj hauv cov kua tsib muaj peev xwm zom cov rog uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog rau zaub mov kom nqus tau zoo dua.

Hmoov tsis zoo Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov roj cholesterol ua lub hauv paus ntawm ntau yam mobCov. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cov roj (qib LDL) siab dua li ib txwm. Raws li cov cholesterol mus dhau peb lub cev nrog rau cov ntshav, nws dhau mus ntau ntau ntxiv rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Ntev mus ntev, lawv tig mus rau ib txheej roj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ntshav khiav lossis txhaws tag nrho cov hlab ntshav. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim nrog cov hlab ntsha uas xa ntshav mus rau lub plawv, tus neeg mob yuav txhim kho myocardial infarctionCov. Raws li koj paub, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Los ntawm qhov no peb tuaj yeem xaus tias cov roj molecules rog tuaj yeem nqa ob qho txiaj ntsig thiab ua phem rau tib neeg lub cev.

Cov roj (cholesterol) zoo thiab tsis zoo

Raws li tau hais los saud, cov roj (cholesterol) cov roj (molecules) yuav tsum yog tib hom. Lawv tsuas yog nyob hauv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov tsiaj keeb kwm: veal, nqaij npuas, nqaij qaib, ntses, yaj, nqaij ntses, thiab lwm yam. Cov concentration ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) nyob ntawm cov zaub mov tshwj xeeb.

Yuav ua li cas peb paub cais qhov tsis zoo thiab roj (cholesterol) zoo? Qhov kev faib tawm no yog tsim rau hauv tus account qhov chaw ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) thiab lawv qhov ceev. Yog li, cov roj (cholesterol) yog cov rog, thiab cov rog xav tau cov protein thiab lipids txhawm rau txhawm rau hla cov hlab ntsha nrog rau cov ntshav. Hauv cov chaw me me no hu ua lipoproteins, roj cholesterol, protein, thiab triglycerides muab zais. Ntawd yog li cas lawv taug kev hla peb cov hlab ntsha.

Lipoproteins, noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej saum toj no, tuaj yeem faib ua 3 pawg:

1. Cov tshuaj lipoproteins tsawg tsawg (VLDL, Cov Tsawg Ntshav Lipoproteins) ntau cov rog thiab triglycerides.

2. Tsawg lipoproteins tsawg (LDL, Lipoproteins uas tsis muaj tsawg) txawv hauv lawv cov rog, uas yog lub luag haujlwm thauj 75% ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv tib neeg lub cev.

3. Thaum kawg, lipoproteins ntau ntom ntom (HDL, Cov Lus Qhia Txog Lipoproteins), muaj protein ntau thiab roj cholesterol.

Cov cholesterol (LDL)

Nws yog cov thooj no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev thauj cov roj ntau ntau. Lawv muab nws tso rau hauv daim siab thiab xa nws mus rau cov kab mob ntawm cov tib neeg lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav. Thaum cov ntshav LDL nce siab dhau lawm, cov cholesterol pib muab tso rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau muaj mob ntau yam. Piv txwv, qhov no nce ntxiv ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv nres. Vim li no hom lipoprotein hu ua "tsis zoo."

Zoo Cholesterol (HDL)

HDL lub cev ntom nti lipoproteins yog lub luag haujlwm thauj cov roj mus rau hauv lub siab nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm tom qab tshem cov khoom no tawm ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Hauv lwm lo lus, hom lipoprotein pab ntxuav peb lub cev los ntawm cov roj (cholesterol). Qhov no kuj siv rau peb cov hlab ntsha thiab. Qhov ntau ntawm cov lipoproteins zoo rau peb kev noj qab haus huv thiab tiv thaiv peb ntawm cov kab mob. Vim li no, cov roj lipoproteins roj hu ua "zoo."

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov Roj (Cholesterol) siab

Txawm hais tias lub cev feem ntau rub peb lub siab los tsim cov kab mob nrog kev pab ntawm ntau cov tsos mob, qhov no tsis tshwm sim yog tias cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav nce siab. Cov rog rog tseem ua rau ntau ntxiv hauv tus neeg mob lub cev, tsis tas xa cov cim. Yog li, qee tus neeg mus txog theem tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv lub cev yam tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, thaum qhov teeb meem no mus dhau, tus neeg mob yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob txha caj qaum, mob hlwv myocardial, mob puas hlwb, mob ntshav qab zib, mob ntshav nrog lub cev thiab txawm tias nyuaj rau kev hais lus.

2. Cov menyuam sib xyaw nrog cov tsis muaj rog nyob hauv qhov khoom noj

Cov rog zoo no tau pom nyob hauv cov zaub mov xws li txiv roj roj, txiv ntoo, roj los ntawm ntau cov noob, ntses (ntses xiav, ntses liab, ntses salmon). Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov rog no tuaj yeem pom tsis tau tsuas yog hauv cov ntses, tab sis kuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov ntawm cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm, piv txwv li walnuts thiab noob.

3. Ntau cov khoom noj cog ntxiv

Cov zaub ua zaub (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, legumes) muaj qee cov rog uas tsis zoo. Nws tshwm sim uas lawv muaj cov rog uas tsis ci. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov khoom lag luam zoo li tsis muaj roj cholesterol. Nws tseem tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov khoom noj cog zaub mov muaj cov tshuaj sterols uas yuav pab txo qis cov roj molecules rog hauv cov ntshav.

Nws tau sau tseg tias khoom noj khoom haus nrog ntau qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom noj cog tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau.

7. Tshem tawm cov rog cov rog los ntawm koj cov khoom noj.

Cov qe, khoom noj siv mis, butter, nqaij thiab hnyuv ntxwm kuj yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob nqa mus dhau nrog cov khoom no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tsis muaj cov rog trans. Qhov tom kawg tuaj yeem nce qhov ntau ntawm cov rog ntawm cov rog hauv cov ntshav. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis kam noj cov zaub mov muaj calorie ntau dhau, nrog rau cov zaub mov muaj ntsev thiab suab thaj ntau.

Cov khoom muaj cov roj nyeem ntau dhau, cov roj cholesterol thiab ntsev yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg kom tag. Cov no suav nrog ncuav pastries, kib, khoom qab zib, chocolate tuav thiab dej qab zib.

Yog li, peb tuaj yeem xaus: cov roj cholesterol ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg cov txheej txheem lub neej. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom muaj peev xwm tswj kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov rog no. Peb vam tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau ntseeg koj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lub neej noj qab haus huv. luam tawm los ntawm econet.ru.

Koj puas nyiam tsab xov xwm? Tom qab ntawd pab txhawb nqa peb nias:

Tsawg lipoproteins tsawg

Cov tshuaj liporrheins tsawg tsawg (tseem hu ua LDL, cov roj lipoprotein tsawg, cov roj cholesterol LDL, ldl) yog hu ua chav ntshav lipoproteins. Ntsuas hauv mmol / L. Qee zaum hu ua cov "cholesterol" tsis zoo vim qhov tseeb tias nws yog atherogenic tshaj plaws, tsis zoo li cov lipoproteins uas muaj ntau, uas yuav tau tham tom qab. Nws yog tsim los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm qhov tsis ntom ntom lipoproteins siv lipoprotein lipase thiab hepatic lipase. Atherogenicity yog qhov taw qhia ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob atherosclerosis.

Nws yog cov xeeb ceem uas cov ntsiab lus txheeb ze ntawm triacylglycerides txo qis dua, thiab cov qib qis ntawm lipoproteins tsawg nce ntxiv. T.O. LDL yog qhov theem kawg hauv kev zom cov metabolism hauv lipids synthesized hauv lub siab. Lawv lub luag haujlwm yog hloov cov roj (cholesterol), triacylglycerides, tocopherols, carotenoids, thiab lwm yam.

Raws li rau cov qauv, cov particle suav nrog apolipoprotein, uas ua kom ruaj ntseg cov qauv ntawm cov lipoprotein tsawg ntom.

LDL thiab cov kabmob

Raws li tau hais saud, cov haujlwm ntawm LDL yog kom xa cov roj (cholesterol) mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Qib siab ntawm LDL ua rau atherosclerosis. Cov kev tso tawm tshwm sim rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj thiab nruab nrab, thiab cov hlab ntsha endothelial tsis muaj zog. Muaj qhov sib txheeb ntawm cov qib ntawm LDL thiab kev muaj peev xwm ntau ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog cov vascular kev puas tsuaj, kev sib txuam lipid, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phab ntsa viav vias endothelium. Qhov no ua rau hauv zos thiab cov kabmob hemodynamic tsis sib haum, ua rau myocardial infarction, mob stroke. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv tias me lipoproteins tsawg ntom muaj ntau atherogenic.

Raws li rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj mob muaj keeb, hypercholesterolemia muaj txiaj ntsig yog cais.

Yog tias koj cais tawm ntawm cov txiaj ntsig pom zoo, lawv qhia tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob atherosclerosis thiab ischemic mob plawv.

Qhov phom sij ntawm qhov siab LDL yog dab tsi?

Qhov kev hloov zuj zus ntawm atherosclerosis yog nrog los ntawm kev txo qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ywj pheej ntawm vascular phab ntsa, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub nkoj kom ncab los ntawm cov ntshav ntws, nrog rau qhov nqaim ntawm lub lumen ntawm cov hlab vim qhov nce ntawm qhov loj ntawm atherosclerotic plaque (tsub zuj zuj ntawm LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, thiab lwm yam). Tag nrho cov no ua rau cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo, nce tsim ntawm microthrombi thiab tsis txaus microcirculation.

Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm atherosclerotic vascular lesions, cov tsos mob tshwm sim:

• IHD (mob hlab ntshav liab),
• INC (nqaj qis ischemia vim yog atherosclerotic qhov txhab ntawm cov hlab ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab lub plab aorta),
• cerebral ischemia (nqaim ntawm lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm caj dab thiab lub hlwb), thiab lwm yam.

Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim kuaj pom LDL?

Qib ntawm LDL thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob plawv thiab vascular cuam tshuam ncaj qha. Qib siab tshaj ntawm cov lipoproteins tsawg ntom hauv cov ntshav, qhov ntau dua ntawm cov neeg mob yuav txhim kho cov kab mob hnyav ntawm cov hlab plawv.

Ua qhov kev sim ntsuas ntshav mus rau LDL tso cai rau koj kuaj ntshav lipid tsis txaus nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab xaiv txoj kev noj cov zaub mov lipid kom tsawg rau tus neeg mob thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, txoj kev npaj kho cov qib roj cholesterol.

Qhov kev soj ntsuam no tau pom zoo ib xyoos ib zaug kom kis rau txhua tus neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoos. Yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo rau txoj kev txhim kho cov hlab plawv, tiv thaiv kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntau dua. Thiab, kev txheeb xyuas yog qhia yog tias tus neeg mob muaj:

• rog dhau
• mob ntshav qab zib mellitus
• daim siab mob
• cov thyroid pathologies,
• mob ntsws qhuav thiab mob cholecystitis,
• cov lus yws ntawm kev ua pa luv, tsis tu ncua cov leeg tsis muaj zog, nkees, kiv taub hau, tsis nco qab,
• kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob ntawm txhais ceg, hnyav dua los ntawm kev taug kev, txav ntawm lameness, qhov txias tas li ntawm tus taw thiab txhais tes, pallor lossis liab ntawm ob txhais ceg, thiab lwm yam.

Tsawg lipoproteins tsawg hauv kev kuaj ntshav kuj tseem raug ntsuas thaum cev xeeb tub. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov nce me ntsis hauv cov roj cholesterol thaum menyuam hnyav yog qhov qub thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog qhov nce ntxiv nyob rau theem ntawm cov lipoproteins uas tsis muaj ntau, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuaj yeem rho menyuam tawm, cuam tshuam cov ntshav fetoplacental tsis txaus, kev nchuav menyuam, kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, ua ntej yug menyuam, thiab ntau ntxiv.

Qhov qis dua ntawm LDL thiab HDL cov roj cholesterol thaum cev xeeb tub kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob toxicosis lig, nrog rau kev los ntshav thaum yug menyuam.

Txoj hauv kev pheej hmoo rau kev txhim kho atherosclerosis thiab pathologies ntawm cov hlab plawv system

Feem ntau, LDL cov roj (cholesterol) siab yog nce hauv:

• haus luam yeeb
• cov neeg mob uas tsim txom cawv, rog, kib thiab haus cov zaub mov, khoom qab zib, hmoov, thiab lwm yam.
• rog cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib,
• cov neeg coj lub neej sedentary,
• cov neeg mob nyob ntawm insomnia thiab kev ntxhov siab heev,
• cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm mob hnyav hauv tsev neeg (txheeb ze nrog kev mob plawv thaum ntxov).

Tsis tas li ntawd, LDL nyob rau hauv cov ntshav nce siab nyob rau hauv qhov muaj mob siab daim siab, txiav ua paug, kab mob vitamin, tsis muaj kiav txhab, lipid tsis txaus, thiab lwm yam.

Kev taw qhia rau kev tsom xam ntawm cov lipoproteins tsawg kawg nkaus

Lipid profile yog soj ntsuam:

• kom paub meej lossis tsis pom zoo lub xub ntiag ntawm atherosclerotic vascular txhab,
• nrog rau kev soj ntsuam txhua yam ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob hauv lub siab, mob caj dab, daj ntseg, thiab pathologies ntawm endocrine system,
• thaum kuaj xyuas cov neeg mob uas xav tias muaj caj ces lipid tsis txaus,
• txhawm rau ntsuas kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab txiav txim siab atherogenic coefficient.

Kev suav ntawm atherogenic coefficient yog siv los ntsuas qhov piv ntawm tag nrho cov roj (OH) thiab lipoproteins ntau ntom, nrog rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob atherosclerotic vascular puas tsuaj. Qhov piv siab ntau dua, qhov pheej hmoo siab dua.

Atherogenic coefficient = (OH-HDL) / HDL.

Feem ntau, qhov sib piv ntawm HDL rau tag nrho cov roj (LDL + VLDL thiab HDL) yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm 2 txog 2.5 (qhov siab tshaj uas pom zoo rau cov poj niam yog 3.2, thiab rau txiv neej 3.5).

Feem ntau cov qis lipoproteins

Feem ntau ntawm LDL cov ntsiab lus nyob ntawm tus neeg mob tus txiv neej thiab hnub nyoog. Qhov feem ntau ntawm LDL nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov poj niam thaum lub cev xeeb tub nce nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub. Kuj tseem yuav muaj qhov txawv me ntsis hauv kev ua tiav thaum dhau cov ntawv xeem hauv chav sib txawv (qhov no yog vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov khoom siv reagents). Hauv qhov no, kev soj ntsuam ntawm LDL hauv cov ntshav yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tshwj xeeb los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.

LDL cov qauv rau cov txiv neej thiab poj niam

Tus tub los ntxhais sib txawv hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam yog vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Rau cov poj niam, ua ntej lub cev ntas, qib qog tshuaj estrogen txo cov roj cholesterol LDL ntau nyob hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no pab txhawb qhov tsim ntawm ntuj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv atherosclerosis thiab hlab plawv pathologies. Hauv cov txiv neej, vim muaj ntau yam ntawm androgens, LDL ntau ntau hauv cov ntshav yog me ntsis ntau dua li cov poj niam. Vim li no, lawv thiaj li muaj kab mob atherosclerosis ntau dua thaum me nyuam yaus.

LDL roj (cholesterol) nyob rau hauv lub rooj raws hnub nyoog rau tus txiv neej thiab poj niam:

Nws txhais li cas yog tias qis lipoproteins tsawg ntxiv

LDL roj ntau ntau yog nce rau hauv cov neeg mob nrog:

• ntau yam mob muaj keeb lipid tsis txaus (hypercholesterolemia thiab hypertriglyceridemia),
• thawj
• cov mob raum tsis zoo (muaj cov nephrotic syndrome, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm),
• obau kev zawv plab,
• endocrine pathologies (mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, tej yam kev mob ntawm hypothyroidism, mob qog adrenal, polycystic ovary syndrome, thiab lwm yam),
• kev nkees nkees heev.

Cov laj thawj rau qhov tsis tseeb-tsa cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg hauv qhov kev tsom xam yuav yog siv ntau yam tshuaj (beta-blockers, diuretics, glucocorticosteroid hormones, thiab lwm yam).

LDL cov roj cholesterol qis

Cov roj ntsha qis LDL tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntshav siab thiab ntshav qab zib hypotriglyceridemia, mob ntshav siab ntsws ntev, malabsorption nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv (malabsorption), myeloma, kev nyuaj siab, mob ntsws ua pa ntev, thiab lwm yam.

Tsis tas li, cholestyramine ®, lovastatin ®, thyroxine ®, estrogen, thiab lwm yam, ua rau txo qis lipid ntau ntau.

Yuav ua li cas txo cov roj cholesterol LDL nyob rau hauv cov ntshav

Txhua txoj kev kho lipid-txo qis yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob koom nrog kev txiav txim siab raws li kev soj ntsuam. Raws li txoj cai, statin npaj (lovastatin ®, simvastatin ®), kua tsib acid sequestrants (cholestyramine ®), fibrates (clofibrate ®), thiab lwm yam.

Kuj pom zoo Multivit vitamins thiab tshuaj ntxiv nrog magnesium thiab omega-3 kuj raug pom zoo. Raws li cov cim qhia, kev tiv thaiv kev mob thrombosis (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj) tuaj yeem tau tshuaj.

Yuav ua li cas rau cov roj cholesterol LDL tsis muaj tshuaj?

Kev noj haus thiab kev ua neej ntawm kev ua neej yog ua raws li kev pom tsis tau ntxiv rau txoj kev kho tshuaj.Raws li kev ywj pheej ntawm txoj kev kho, lawv tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog nyob rau theem thaum ntxov ntawm atherosclerosis.

Hauv qhov no, nws pom zoo kom ua kom lub cev ua si, txo qhov hnyav hauv lub cev, txiav kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cov zaub mov muaj roj cholesterol.