Mob ntshav qab zib muaj teeb meem dab tsi?

Raws li kev ua haujlwm tsis ntev los no ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Joslin Diabetes Research Center (Tebchaws USA) tau qhia, qee cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj kev tswj hwm kom tsis txhob tshwm sim ntawm txhua lossis yuav luag txhua qhov teeb meem loj ntawm tus kab mob txaus ntshai no.

Nws hloov tawm tias ntau tus neeg mob tuaj yeem nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev heev nrog cov ntshav qab zib hom 1 tsis muaj kev txhim kho ntawm lub neej muaj mob cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kabmob thiab cov kab ke. Nrhiav cov lus piav qhia rau qhov no tsis yooj yim dua. Txoj kev tshawb no tau qhia tias qhov qhaj ntawv lossis qhov tshwm sim tsawg kawg ntawm cov teeb meem tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tswj ntshav qabzib.

Cov kws tshwj xeeb tsis cuam tshuam qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tus kheej tswj tus kheej, txawm li cas los xij, lwm lub tswv yim yuav suav nrog kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev phom sij.

Kev Tshawb Fawb

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau kuaj mob 351 tus neeg mob. Tag nrho cov neeg nyob nrog tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 tau 50 xyoo. Lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg kawm txoj kev tshawb no yog kwv yees li 68 xyoo, thiab kev txheeb xyuas tau raug muaj thaum muaj hnub nyoog 11 xyoos. Endocrinologist nrhiav cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib tsis txaus rau cov neeg mob, xws li retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy.

Nws tau muab tawm tias nyob rau hauv 43% ntawm cov neeg mob tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim pom tseeb ntawm lub qhov muag, 87% ntawm cov neeg mob tsis mob tsis txaus siab los ntawm lub raum, 39% ntawm cov neeg koom nrog tsis muaj mob puas hlwb, thiab 52% ntawm cov neeg mob tsis muaj mob plawv. Feem ntau, kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov neeg mob tswj kom tsis txhob muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem los ntawm lub qhov muag, ob lub raum, thiab lub paj hlwb.

Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb muaj cov ntshav qab zib kom tsis txaus. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) kuj tau kwv yees, uas qhia txog qib siab nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm peb lub hlis dhau los. Nws yog kwv yees li 7.3%. Endocrinologist qhia kom ceev cov ntshav glycated hemoglobin hauv hom ntshav qab zib mellitus li ntawm 7% thiab qis dua. Yog li, kev ntsuas tus kheej cov ntshav qab zib hauv txhua tus neeg mob tau zoo.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau xav paub txog lwm cov lus piav qhia rau txoj kev pom zoo ntawm tus mob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lawv tau soj ntsuam cov protein ntau ntawm tsev neeg tshwj xeeb - cov khoom kawg ntawm kev txhim kho glycosylation (CPAG) - ntawm txhua tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev sim. Lawv qib nce nrog nce piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Nws tau muab tawm tias nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj qib siab ntawm ob yam tshwj xeeb KPUG, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim xya ntau zaus.

Rau cov kws tshawb fawb, qhov no yog qhov xav tsis thoob. Qhov tseeb tiag, lwm cov kev sib xyaw ntawm KPUG lwg me me yeej tiv thaiv cov neeg mob los ntawm cov teeb meem los ntawm lub qhov muag. Yog li cov kws tshawb fawb tau tawm tswv yim tias qee qhov kev sib txuas ntawm CPAG yuav tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau cov ntaub so ntswg raws li yav tas los xav, lawv tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm cov teeb meem.

Raws li cov kws tshawb nrhiav, nyob rau qee cov neeg mob uas muaj cov hom mob ntshav qab zib hom 1, tau ntau xyoo, peculiar mechanisms ntawm kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev ua phem ntawm CMH tuaj yeem tsim. Cov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no tau ua rau CNG lwg me ntsis tsis zoo rau lub cev.

Ib qho ntxiv, ib qho yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov ​​qab txog cov hauv qab no: "qub tub rog" mob ntshav qab zib uas koom nrog txoj kev tshawb fawb saib xyuas lawv tus kheej thiab lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv zoo. Thaum lawv tsim cov ntshav qab zib, tsawg paub txog tus kabmob. Thiab tseem muaj ntau dua, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis paub txog cov txheej txheem hloov maj mam ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kab mob.

Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov kws kho mob tsis tseem qhia lawv cov neeg mob txog kev xav tswj cov ntshav qab zib kom tsawg. Yog li, kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv txog cov kab mob hauv cov neeg mob no tuaj yeem pab lwm tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib.

Mob ntshav qab zib ua lwm yam mob

Qhov ua kom muaj teeb meem rau cov ntshav qab zib mellitus feem ntau yog kev tsis saib xyuas koj li kev noj qab haus huv, kev kho mob tsis raug lossis nws qhaj tag. Qee zaum ib tus neeg yuav tsis paub txog nws tus mob, thiab ntshav qab zib tau ua rau nws lub cev puas tsuaj. Qhov no muaj ntau hauv ntshav qab zib hom 2.

Feem ntau qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim maj mam hloov zuj zus thiab pom tau sai li sai tau. Qee lub sijhawm 10-15 xyoo dhau los ua ntej cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tshwm sim nws tus kheej, tab sis kev ua txhaum cai hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Ib tug neeg pib tau mob ntau zaus, mob qog ntshav ntau tshwm sim ntawm nws lub cev, thiab ib qho, txawm tias tseem me, qhov mob tsis zoo. Thiab cov no tsuas yog kev tshwm sim sab nraud, kev hloov sab hauv yog qhov nyuaj rau daim ntawv ceeb toom.

Qee qhov kabmob muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tus kabmob thiab raug txomnyem ua ntej, qee qhov tsawg dua. Cov cim tshwm sim tuaj yeem faib ua mob thiab mob ntev. Thawj tsim muaj sai, muaj cov tsos mob hais tawm, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau. Cov no suav nrog ketoacidosis thiab hypoglycemia, lactic acidotic thiab hyperosmolar coma. Cov mob ntev dua nyuaj los txheeb xyuas thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim tuaj lig, thaum kev ua txhaum cai twb dhau los, lawv yuav tsum tau kho ntev dua. Nws yog qhov muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem, tab sis nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thiab saib xyuas theem ntawm cov piam thaj.

Hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov kab hauv qab thiab cov tshuab feem ntau feem ntau txom nyem:

• Cov hlab ntsha
• Ob lub qhov muag
• Raum
• Musculoskeletal system,
• Psyche
• Kev hnov ​​mob ntawm cov qib paj ploj.

Yuav ua li cas lawv qhia lawv tus kheej, muaj kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv lawv txoj kev loj hlob?

Qhov muag puas tsuaj

Cov teeb meem feem ntau uas cuam tshuam yog mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy. Qhov no yog ib qho kev mob raum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov pom lossis pom qhov mob ntshav thiab edema, uas dhau sij hawm tuaj yeem ua rau rov qab txhaws thiab dig muag. Hauv 25% ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, tus kab mob yog kuaj sai sai thaum kuaj mob ntshav qab zib.

Qhov ua kom muaj kev txhim kho yog qhov kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, uas ua rau muaj qhov nce ntawm qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub pob muag. Yog tias cov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw hauv nruab nrab, tom qab ntawd nws tau yooj yim dua los txheeb xyuas lawv, vim tias tus neeg mob tau pom tsis meej. Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum cai hauv thaj av ib puag ncig ntawm cov nyiaj, yog tias tus retina tsis pib ua kom lub cev ploj, cov tsos mob yuav tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim thiab qhov tshwm sim yuav tshwm nyob rau theem tom ntej, thaum nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem hloov dab tsi.

Ib qho kev tiv thaiv tsuas yog los soj ntsuam kom tsis tu ncua seb cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav thiab zam kom nws nce ntxiv. Txhawm rau kom paub txog qhov pib ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm tus mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag thiab ua kev tshawb nrhiav nyiaj txiag. Kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm yuav pab khaws tus neeg lub zeem muag.

Qhov kev kho mob thawj zaug yog microcirculation mus ntxiv rau cov neeg sawv cev, cov vitamins thiab antioxidants. Lub sijhawm teem sijhawm yuav siv tau yog tias koj tsis hnov ​​qab saib xyuas qib qab zib. Qhov kev kho mob thib ob yog laser photocoagulation, tab sis nws tsis tas muab qhov txiaj ntsig 100%.

Ntxiv mus, clouding ntawm lub lo ntsiab muag thiab kev loj hlob ua ntej ntawm cataracts kuj tau pom. Kev mus ntsib cov kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thiab cov ntshav qab zib tsis tu ncua yuav pab kom zam dhau qhov no. Kev nqus tau ntawm cov vitamins, kev noj haus kom zoo thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav pab kom lub cev zam kom tsis txhob pom cov kabmob no.

Kev nyiam ntawm qis qis

Qhov tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws ntawm ntshav qab zib yog kev puas tsuaj rau cov qis hauv qab. Nws tuaj yeem yog polyneuropathy, micro - thiab macroangiopathy, mob caj dab thiab mob ntshav taw. Dab tsi yog qhov no

• Angiopathy - muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj thiab me me, nce ntxiv hauv lawv lub cev tsis xwm yeem, kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws thiab cov leeg plahaum hauv cov leeg, hlab ntsha thiab capillaries.
• Arthropia - qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob hauv cov pob qij txha thiab qhov txo qis hauv lawv qhov mus ncig, nce ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txuam ntawm cov leeg, qhov pom ntawm "nkig" hauv cov pob txha.
• Polyneuropathy yog qhov kub ploj thiab qhov mob rhiab, feem ntau nyob hauv qis qis. Cov paib: loog, kub hnyiab, tingling thiab "goosebumps." Vim ploj ntawm txoj kev kho tus mob poob siab, kev raug mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim uas ib tus neeg tsis ceeb toom tam sim ntawd.
• Mob taw yog yam mob hnyav. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov txhab kho nrog qhov pom ntawm purulent-necrotic cov txheej txheem, mob rau thiab pob txha thiab pob qij txha, tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij mos. cov teeb meem uas nquag pom muaj los ntawm kev ua rau tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib txhaws.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog qhov txo qis ntawm qhov rhiab heev ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov hlab, vim qhov kev raug mob me thiab scuffs mus tsis tau. Thaum cov kab mob thiab cov teeb meem microbes nkag rau hauv lawv, ntau yam txheej txheem pib tsim. Txij li kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsawg dua, thiab daim tawv nqaij tsis tshua ywj siab thiab ua kua muag, ua kom tshwm sim tau. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lawv pom kev puas tsuaj lig, thiab kev kho mob siv sijhawm ntau.

Muaj 2 hom mob txhab: ischemic thiab neuropathic. Qhov thib ib yog pom los ntawm qhov kub tsawg ntawm cov nqaj, pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tsis muaj plaub hau, lub ntsej muag ntawm lub qhov txhab ntawm ko taw thiab ntawm cov ntiv tes. Mob lub sijhawm txav thiab thaum so. Tag nrho cov no yuav qhia tau kev ua txhaum hauv cov kab ke ntawm cov hlab ntshav. Qhov thib ob, cov cim hauv qab no yog cov yam ntxwv: tsis muaj mob, qhov kub, kev co thiab tactile rhiab, daim tawv yog kub, keratinized tawv nqaij thiab qhov mob tshwm rau ntawm ob txhais ceg. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov hlab ntsha ntawm qhov kawg yog cuam tshuam thiab atrophied.

Raws li kev tshaj tawm thiab kev tiv thaiv, kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua los ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab lwm tus kws tshaj lij (neuropathologist, mob pob txha, kws phais neeg), ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob, thiab tswj qib qab zib thiab zaub mov noj yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Ib qho ntxiv, ob txhais ceg yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txhua hnub rau qhov mob thiab lwm yam kev raug mob. Taw yuav tsum tau ntxuav txhua hnub; keratinized daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tsis tu ncua hauv cov khw txiav khoom zoo nkauj lossis hauv tsev. Cov khau yuav tsum yuav qhov yooj yim thiab nyiam dua tawv, thom khwm thiab thom khwm yuav tsum yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntuj xwb. Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau hloov pauv txhua hnub.

Koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej txog kev yuav kho qhov mob li cas. Qhia meej txog kev yuav ua li cas nrog kev hu xov tooj qhuav thiab cov tawv nqaij tuag ntawm cov qhov txhab. Tsis txhob noj tshuaj rau tus kheej thiab tsis txhob siv cov zaub mov txawv ntawm lwm txoj tshuaj.

Raum puas

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub raum hauv tib neeg lub cev tsis tuaj yeem xav tias tsis tshua yauv tau. Cov organic feem ntau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub ntuj lim no. Kev nce ntxiv nyob hauv qabzib ua rau lawv mob. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb hais tias tus kab mob cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha me thiab cov hlab ntsha, vim li ntawd, cov txheej txheem hla kev cuam tshuam thiab lawv pib tshem cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov protein thiab ntshav qab zib, thiab cov qog ntshav tawm tuaj.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab siv urinalysis. Nws txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov protein albumin. Nyob rau theem pib, txoj kev no tseem thim rov qab. Yog tias kev kho mob tsis raws sijhawm, tsis yog qhov no yuav ua rau kev txhim kho lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Qhov no tsuas yog zam tau yog tias tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo ua raws thiab yog tias cov piam thaj ntshav puas zoo li qub. Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas tus mob, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj cov zis mus kuaj ntsuas, tsawg kawg yog 1 zaug nyob rau txhua rau lub hlis. Nws kuj yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau soj ntsuam kev noj zaub mov, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom txo qis kev noj ntawm cov tsiaj cov protein thiab ntsev.

Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob tag nrho cov teeb meem los ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, tab sis lub sijhawm ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob tuaj yeem hloov mus kom deb li deb tau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws txaus los tiv thaiv koj kev noj qab haus huv, mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thiab saib xyuas kev noj zaub mov. Mob ntshav qab zib tsis yog kab lus, koj tsuas yog xav kawm paub yuav nyob nrog nws kom raug li cas thiab tom qab ntawv ces kev mob nkeeg yuav tsis tshwm sim sai.

Mob ntshav qab zib muaj teeb meem dab tsi?

Ntshav qab zib siab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev:

Qhov muag. Mob ntshav qab zib ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo teeb meem tsis pom kevsuav nrog qhov muag tsis pom. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau: 1) cataract (lub ntsiab muag ntawm koj lub qhov muag yuav ua huab), 2) mob caj pas (puas tsuaj rau cov leeg uas txuas lub qhov muag mus rau lub hlwb thiab muab lub zeem muag zoo), 3) retinopathy (kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag sab nraub qaum).

Plawv Cov piam thaj hauv ntshav siab tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj rau koj cov hlab ntsha. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv uas tuaj yeem tom qab ua rau lub plawv nres lossis mob hlab ntsha tawg. Ntshav siab thiab cov teeb meem ntshav siab ua rau teebmeem dhau.

Lub raum. Mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov hlab ntsha hauv ob lub raum, ua rau lawv tsis ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm cov teeb meem, lawv tuaj yeem tsis ua haujlwm.

Ob txhais ceg. Cov piam thaj hauv ntshav siab tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntshav thiab leeg ntshav hlab ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kev txiav, txhim kho, lossis mob kom zoo sai. Koj yuav plam qhov mob hauv ob txhais ceg, vim qhov ntawd koj yuav tsis pom tias ua mob. Yog tias qhov kis tau hnyav dua, koj txhais ceg yuav raug tshem tawm.

Cov hlab ntsha. Yog tias cov piam thaj hauv ntshav siab ua rau koj cov hlab ntsha leeg, ntshav qab zib neuropathy tshwm sim. Tej zaum koj yuav hnov ​​mob, khaus, lossis loog, tshwj xeeb yog ntawm ob txhais ceg.

Daim tawv nqaij. Ntshav qab zib yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob fungal, khaus, lossis xim av lossis khaus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Teeb meem Erection. Cov txiv neej uas mob ntshav qab zib yuav muaj feem ntsib teeb meem kev sib deev. Tom qab tag nrho, cov ntshav qabzib ntau nyob hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha.

Yuav ua li cas los txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib mob cuam tshuam?

Kev kho kom zoo thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv uas cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua. Ua raws li cov lus qhia no:

Saib xyuas koj cov ntshav qab zib. Nov yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib. Koj cov piam thaj yuav tsum nyob hauv cov txiaj ntsig zoo: txij li 70 txog 130 mg / dl ua ntej noj mov, tsawg dua 180 mg / dl 2 teev tom qab noj mov, theem glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c qib) li 7%.

Saib xyuas koj cov ntshav siab thiab cov roj (cholesterol). Yog tias cov nqi no ntau dhau, ces koj muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev ntawm kab mob plawv. Sim ua kom koj cov ntshav siab qis dua 140/90 mmHg thiab koj cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho kom qis lossis qis dua 200 mg / dl.

Mus kuaj mob kom tsis tu ncua. Tso zis thiab kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas txhua yam teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv. Kev tshuaj xyuas tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj vim tias ntau yam kab mob ntshav qab zib tsis muaj cov cim ceeb toom qhia tseeb.

Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. Kev haus luam yeeb ua mob rau koj cov hlab ntshav thiab ua rau ntshav nce siab.

Pov thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag. Kuaj koj lub qhov muag txhua xyoo. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xyuas seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis mob nkeeg.

Kuaj koj ob txhais ceg txhua hnub. Saib seb puas pom qhov nqaij ntuag, qhov txhab, txhim kho, hlwv, ntsej muag, ntsej muag liab lossis o. Ntxuav thiab qhuav koj txhais taw kom huv si txhua hnub. Siv tshuaj pleev kom tsis txhob tawv tawv qhuav lossis pob taws tawg. Coj khau rau ntawm kev kub kub asphalt lossis ntawm kev puam, thiab rau khau thiab thom khwm thaum huab cua txias.

Saib xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij. Txuag nws kom huv thiab qhuav. Siv talcum hmoov rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev sib txhuam yog ua tau (zoo li tawm tsam). Tsis txhob da dej kub heev los yog da dej. Hws noo daim tawv ntawm koj lub cev thiab tes. Ua kom sov sov thaum lub hli txias. Siv lub tshuab nqus dej noo hauv koj chav pw yog tias koj xav tias qhuav.