Statins rau txo qis roj - cov tshuaj twg zoo dua
Hypercholesterolemia txhawj xeeb ntau tus neeg. Nws paub tias cov kab mob pathology no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, peripheral arteritis thiab angina pectoris. Hauv 60% ntawm tus neeg mob, cov kab mob no tuag thaum kawg tuag. Ua tau zoo statins feem ntau siv hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no los txo cov roj (cholesterol). Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob lees paub qhov zoo ntawm qhov hloov pauv, uas tau pom hauv kev kuaj ntshav hauv tsev kuaj mob.
Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov "tsis zoo" thiab "zoo" cov roj (cholesterol)
Cov roj (cholesterol) nyob rau hauv cov rog (sterols) tau yooj yim, yog tsim los ntawm 2/3 hauv lub siab, qhov seem peb nkag rau hauv lub cev nrog zaub mov. Cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ua ke nrog phospholipids ua rau cov cell ua ke, yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj hormones steroid (estrogen, testosterone, progesterone), bile acids thiab vitamin D3Cov. Cov roj (cholesterol) kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism hauv cov vitamins-fat soluble (A, D, E, K, F). Sterols ua haujlwm cov zog rau cov leeg pob txha, lawv yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib txuas thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov nqaijrog.
Kev nce siab ntxiv ntawm cov cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov ntshav provokes qhov tsim ntawm fatty (atherosclerotic) cov plaques uas tau muab tso rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Sijhawm dhau sijhawm, cov plahaum rog tuab tuab, nqaim lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha, txhaws cov hlab ntsha. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm thrombosis, mob stroke thiab lub plawv nres. Txo cov theem ntawm cov kab mob pathological hauv cov ntshav, ntau txoj kev siv yog: ntsiav tshuaj, tee dej, tshuaj pleev rau kev siv sab nraud, thiab lwm yam. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau lub chaw muag tshuaj uas txo qis qhov kev xav ntawm tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov ntshav.
Vim li cas nws nce siab?
Cov khoom lag luam muaj cov roj uas txhaws taus, tshwj xeeb nws ntau hauv cov nqaij, nqaij, qab zib, butter, nqaij nruab deg, qe qe. Dua li ntawm no, cov roj cholesterol, uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog cov khoom noj khoom noj, kev xyaum tsis cuam tshuam nws cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntshav. Koj tuaj yeem tswj lub ntsiab ntawm lub hauv no hauv lub cev siv cov khoom lag luam nyob rau hauv polyunsaturated fatty acids. Cov no suav nrog: cov roj ntses, lard, cod daim siab roj, roj zaub (rapeseed, txiv ntseej, txiv laum huab xeeb, kua taum, pob khaus, thiab lwm yam). Cov lus hauv qab no qhia cov zaub mov roj siab.
Dab tsi yog statins
Statins yog siv los ntawm cov tshuaj kom txo cov roj (cholesterol). Lawv ua rau tib neeg lub cev ntawm qib cellular. Mob siab nyob rau theem synthesis tso tawm mevalonic acid - qhov no yog thawj theem ntawm cov roj khov ua. Statin, ua yeeb yam rau cov kua qaub, inhibits qhov kev tso tawm ntawm tshaj rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav. Ib zaug hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha, qhov enzyme no cuam tshuam nrog lub hlwb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg txuas (endothelium). Nws pab ua cov txheej txheej tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab ua haujlwm tiv thaiv.
Statin yog tshuaj uas kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau rau ob qho tib si kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub plawv thiab leeg ntshav (atherosclerosis, mob hlab ntsha tawg, mob plawv nres). Puas yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm statin kom txo cov roj cholesterol tseem ceeb? Cov lus teb yog pom tseeb: yog, nws muaj pov thawj. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov roj (cholesterol) yuav ua mob rau lwm qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg laus. Ib qho kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ke nrog tus kws kho mob thiab nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm qee tus lej ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub cev.
Yuav ua li cas rau txo cov ntshav roj hauv tsev nrog statins
Ntau tau sau txog statin kom txo cov roj cholesterol hauv tsev. Nws tuaj yeem raug txo nrog kev siv yeeb tshuaj, khoom lag luam, tshuaj noj zaub mov noj, tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj.Tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum paub tias qhov tau txais ntawm cov khoom lag luam tsuas yog 20%, tus so yog tsim los ntawm daim siab. Qhov twg yog qhov zoo dua - cov tshuaj hauv ntuj lossis cov khoom siv tshuaj - yuav txiav txim los ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm lub cev thiab tus kws kho mob saib koj.
Cov roj ua kom ntshav qis
Muaj ntau lub ntuj thiab hluavtaws statins: cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem txo cov roj cholesterol. Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv anticholesterol tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv. Xav nrog qhov tshwm sim tsawg kawg:
- Ntuj statins yog tsim los ntawm nceb. Cov no suav nrog: simvastine, simvastatin, pravastatin thiab lovastatin.
- Synthetic tau txais los ntawm cov hluavtaws sib xyaw ua ke. Cov no yog Atorvastatin, Atoris, Fluvastatin, Roxer thiab Rosuvastatin / Crestor.
Ntuj statins
Los kho cov khoom noj khoom haus (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov rog), lub cev tuaj yeem tau txais statins. Cov rog uas peb haus tau zoo sib cuam tshuam nrog daim siab thiab tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau hom roj cholesterol. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm "tsis zoo" thiab "zoo" meej nkag mus rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub ntawm cov kws kho mob:
- Qhov ua ntej yog nrog lub ntom ntom ntawm lipoprotein. Nws pab txhawb kev thaiv ntawm cov leeg ntshav.
- Qhov thib ob yog nrog qhov siab ceev, nws cov hauj lwm yog los ntxuav cov hlab ntsha. Cov qib siab dua ntawm qib ob, zoo dua, thiab hloov siab dua.
Kev noj qab nyob zoo yog kev noj haus. Lawv muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj cog: almonds, txiv ntoo, ntsuab tshuaj yej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Blueberries, carrots, qej yuav pab kom sai sai cov roj cholesterol. Kev noj, ntses hiav txwv, ntses hiav txwv, cawv txiv hmab liab (qhuav), kua txiv tshiab yuav pab txo qis cov roj (cholesterol) uas tsis muaj tshuaj. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txo cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm lub qe qe, piam thaj thiab cov nqaij rog. Tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv noj cov zaub mov uas yuav pab ua kom cov lipid metabolism zoo li qub.
Kev noj haus yog tib txoj kev txo qis roj hauv tsev. Qee txoj cai yuav pab hloov cov statins sai sai kom txo cov roj (cholesterol):
- hnyav mus txog qhovtwg
- nquag lub neej
- mus muab cov kev coj ua phem txo pov tseg,
- kev noj haus kev noj haus kom tsawg.
Qhov tom kawg yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho rau kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab kom txo cov roj (cholesterol) nrog cov kev kho mob hauv zej zog, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qee leej ntawm kev tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv, tshem tawm cov ua xua. Nws tsis pom zoo kom yuav pob loj ntawm tsiav tshuaj tam sim ntawd, txij li kev ua xua tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ib qho ntawm cov khoom noj tsis haum, thiab tsis tas li nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm kev tswj hwm.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Cov roj khov ua tiav - Nws yog cov roj ntsha muaj cawv, muaj cov organic ua ke uas muaj nyob hauv cov cell ntawm cov kab mob muaj sia.
Feem ntau siv ob lub tswv yim - rojthiab rojCov. Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ob? Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog lub npe ntawm tib yam khoom, tsuas yog hauv ntaub ntawv kho mob lo lus “roj"Txij li xaus"ol"Qhia tias nws cuam tshuam rau kev haus cawv. Qhov khoom siv no yog lub luag haujlwm rau muab lub zog. cell nyias.
Tab sis yog tias theem ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) hauv lub cev tau nce ntxiv, cov plahaum nyob hauv cov plhaws hauv cov phab ntsa, uas tawg, tsim ib puag ncig zoo rau kev tsim ntawm ntshav txhawsCov. Plaques nqaim lub lumen ntawm lub nkoj.
Yog li, tom qab kev txheeb xyuas cov roj (cholesterol), tus kws kho mob, yog tias tsim nyog, txiav txim siab yuav ua dab tsi nrog cov roj (cholesterol) siab. Yog tias kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tsom xam rau cov roj (cholesterol) qhia tau tias nws cov nqi nce siab, feem ntau cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb tau tshaj tawm cov tshuaj kim - statins, uas yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws kho mob piav qhia tias tom qab lub sijhawm teem, tus neeg mob yuav tsum haus cov ntsiav tshuaj tas li, raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
Tab sis cov tshuaj anticholesterol muaj qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim, uas cov kws kho mob yuav tsum ceeb toom cov neeg mob txog, piav qhia txog kev haus tshuaj kom raug.
Yog li, txhua tus neeg uas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) siab yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb puas yuav siv cov tshuaj no.
Tam sim no, ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj siv roj (cholesterol) muaj rau: statinsthiab fibratesCov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws txawj pom zoo kom cov neeg mob haus Lipoic acid thiab Omega 3Cov. Cov hauv qab no yog cov tshuaj uas siv los txo cov roj (cholesterol). Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txoj kev siv yog pom zoo tsuas yog tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas thiab teem caij los ntawm kws kho mob.
Statins kom txo cov roj (cholesterol)
Ua ntej yuav siv cov tshuaj no, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi statins yog - lawv yog dab tsi, qhov txiaj ntsig thiab kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj no, etc. Statins yog cov tshuaj uas txo lub cev ntawm kev tsim khoom cov enzymestsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj synthesis.
Cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem nyeem cov hauv qab no:
- Txo cov ntshav muaj roj cholesterol vim muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj HMG-CoA reductaseli zoo li txo cov synthesis cov roj (cholesterol) nyob hauv lub siab.
- Txo cov qib roj cholesterol ntau hauv tib neeg kev txom nyem homozygous tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia, uas yog qhov tsis zoo rau kev kho nrog lipid-txo tshuaj.
- Lawv cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm txo qis tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho yog 30-45%, "txaus ntshai" - los ntawm 40-60%.
- Thaum noj cov theem qib HDL roj thiab apolipoprotein Antawm lub nce.
- Cov tshuaj txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ischemic teeb meem los ntawm 15%, tshwj xeeb, raws li cov lus xaus ntawm kev kho plawv, kev pheej hmoo angina pectoristhiab myocardial infarctiontxo 25%.
- Tsis muaj teebmeem mutagenic thiab carcinogenic.
Sab sij huam
Tom qab noj, ntau cov kev tsis zoo yuav raug sau tseg:
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim: asthenia, insomnia, mob taub hau, cem quav, xeev siabmob plab zawv plab, myalgia, flatulence.
- Lub plab zom mov: raws plab, ntuav, kab mob siab, pancreatitischolestatic mob daj ntseg kev tsis nco qab.
- Kev tswj hwm leeg: kiv taub hau, amnesia, hypesthesia, malaise, paresthesia, peripheral neuropathy.
- Ua xua qhov tshwm sim: tawm pob thiab khaus tawv, urticaria, anaphylaxis, exudative erythema, Lyell cov tsos mob.
- Musculoskeletal system: mob nraub qaum mob mob vwm, cramps, mob caj dab, mob hlwb.
- Ntshav tsim: thrombocytopenia.
- Kev paub kev zom zaub mov: ntshav qog, mob ntshav qab zib mellitushnyav rog dhau, impotenceperipheral edema.
- Qhov mob loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob statin yog rhabdomyolysistab sis qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus.
Leej twg xav kom siv cov statins?
Qhia txog dab tsi statins, phiaj xwm kev tshaj tawm thiab cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj pom tias statins - cov no yog cov tshuaj kom txo qis cov roj cholesterol, uas ua rau nce tag nrho lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig, nrog rau txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob tus mob stroke, myocardial infarctionCov. Raws li, siv cov tshuaj no txhua hnub yog ib txoj hauv kev nyab xeeb rau txo qis roj ntshav.
Tab sis qhov tseeb, txog niaj hnub no tsis muaj lus qhia tseeb tias kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob nrog cov tshuaj zoo li cas tiag tiag muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo. Tseeb, qee cov kws tshawb nrhiav hais tias kev ua kom muaj kev phom sij thiab kev mob tshwm sim dhau ntawm txiaj ntsig ntawm statins ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv uas siv los tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Cov kws tshaj lij tseem niaj hnub sib cav txog seb puas yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj statins, hnyav rau qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo Cov kws kho mob lub rooj sib tham yuav luag ib txwm muaj kev sib cav ntawm lub ncauj lus “Statins - Pros thiab Cons».
Tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee pawg ntawm cov neeg mob rau tus neeg uas statins yog yuav tsum ua.
Yuav tsum tau siv cov kev siv hluav taws xob tshiab kawg:
- rau kev tiv thaiv ob tom qab mob strokelossis plawv nres,
- ntawm kev phais dua lwm yam ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj thiab lub siab,
- ntawm myocardial infarctionlossis mob vwm mob hlwb,
- ntawm mob rau cov hlab ntshav nrog kev muaj peev xwm ntawm tus mob stroke lossis lub plawv nres.
Ntawd yog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv roj ntshav tau qhia rau cov neeg mob ntshav txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nce lawv lub neej cia siab.Hauv qhov no, txhawm rau kom txo cov kev mob tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj tsim nyog, saib xyuas cov kev txwv biochemical. Yog tias muaj qhov nce siab 3 zaug ntxiv hauv kev hloov tsheb, statins yuav raug muab tshem tawm.
Nws yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom sau tshuaj rau hauv pab pawg no rau cov neeg mob zoo li no:
Yog tias cov tshuaj statins rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, lawv yuav tsum noj tshuaj ntxiv kom txo cov piam thaj hauv ntshav, txij li thaum nyob hauv cov neeg mob zoo li no nce qab zib. Cov tshuaj los txo cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum raug kho thiab kho los ntawm lawv tus kws kho mob nkaus xwb.
Tam sim no, hauv Russia, cov qauv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob plawv feem ntau suav nrog kev siv statins. Tab sis, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias kev kho mob sau ntawv txo cov neeg tuag, qhov no tsis yog qhov tsim nyog ua ntej los ntawm kev muab tshuaj rau txhua tus neeg uas muaj mob rau cov hlab ntsha lossis mob ntshav siab. Lawv siv tsis tso cai los ntawm txhua tus neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoos, lossis tag nrho cov uas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) siab.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj no nrog lwm yam tshuaj.
Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob sau ntawv rau lwm cov tshuaj rau kev kho cov kab mob plawv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj anticholesterol: Diroton, Tsoo, Propanorm thiab lwm tus
Diroton(nquag tivthaiv - lisinopril) yog siv los kho kev mob ntshav ntawm lub plawv.
Tsoo(nquag tivthaiv - bisoprolol hemifumarate) siv rau kev kho mob leeg ntshav siablub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm angina pectoris.
Statins ua haujlwm li cas
Muaj ob hom roj (cholesterol) nyob hauv lub cev: "zoo" lossis siab lipoproteins (HDL), thiab "tsis zoo" - lipoproteins tsawg kawg (LDL), uas nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ua rau atherosclerotic plaques thiab ua rau cov ntshav tsis txaus.
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm statins yog txhawm rau thaiv kev tsim cov cholesterol, tom qab ntawd qib ntshav ntawm LDL nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qis li ntawm 45-50%, thiab rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev, twb tau sau cov rog los ntawm atherosclerotic plaques thiab cov rog rog tau siv, uas yuav pab ua kom cov ntshav siab thiab cov ntshav ncig.
Statins tseem yuav txo qhov zoo li ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov plahaum roj, txo cov kev ua mob thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm endothelium hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Thaum raug tsa
Statins yog tshuaj rau cov ntshav siab cov ntshav roj (kuaj ntshav siv biochemical kuaj ntshav), nrog rau cov qib C-reactive protein ntau, qhia tias muaj cov txheej txheem mob cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho atherosclerosis.
Kev siv cov statins yog qhia txog kev tiv thaiv lub plawv, mob plawv, mob ntshav nce hlwb thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) siab, uas feem ntau pom muaj kev sib xyaw nrog cov hom mob no:
- Kev mob plawv - lub plawv mob rau lub plawv, angina pectoris, atherosclerosis, kub siab, nyiam mus rau thrombosis. Kev kho mob Statin yog qhia tom qab lub plawv nres thiab hlab ntshav hlwb txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntshav ncig kom tsis txhob rov ua haujlwm dua.
- Endocrine - hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, insulin tsis kam, rog rog, txij li thaum nrog cov kab mob no ntau txoj kev txhim kho atherosclerosis thiab cov kab mob txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob plawv.
- Metabolism - dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperglyceridemia) lossis lipid metabolism cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kev txhim kho sib txawv thiab muaj kev nce siab ntawm qee yam ntawm lipids. Cov kev kho mob ntawm cov pathologies yuav tsum yog tas li nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom muaj cov ntshav sib npaug.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thiab nyab xeeb
Muaj plaub pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj rau txo qis roj, cov uas statins ntawm tiam tshiab, uas muaj hydrophobic (dej-soluble) cov khoom, tsis zoo li cov tshuaj ua ntej, tau muaj pov thawj lawv cov hauj lwm zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Crestor yog plaub hluavtaws hluavtaws statin raws li rosuvatsatin, uas maj nrawm txo qis thiab ua rau cov "roj" zoo. Krestor muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv qhov ntau npaum li 5, 10, 20 thiab 40 mg ntawm rosuvastatin. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg suav nrog lactose, calcium phosphate, magnesium stearate.
Kev kho tshuaj ntawm statins tau tiav 3-4 lub lis piam tom qab noj tshuaj ntxiv, thaum lub sij hawm muaj zog myocardial infarction thiab mob stroke txo los ntawm 47-54%.
Krestor ntsiav tshuaj tsis yog siv rau tus kheej tsis kam rau rosuvastatin, muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis, muaj kab mob loj ntawm lub raum thiab mob siab.
Livazo belongs rau tiam tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv siab. Cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj hu ua Livazo (pitavastatin) yog qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom lub cev muaj peev xwm loj thiab ua haujlwm ntev thiab tau sau nyob hauv cov tshuaj me me (los ntawm 1 txog 4 mg rau ib hnub).
Thaum siv Livazo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov zaub mov muaj roj tsawg, thiab nws raug nquahu kom siv cov ntsiav tshuaj tib lub sijhawm, nyiam dua thaum yav tsaus ntuj, coj mus rau hauv tus yam ntxwv ntawm lipid metabolism hauv lub cev.
Kwv yees li ntawm 4% ntawm cov neeg siv Livazo's statins muaj kev mob nqaij pob txha hnyav, nrog rau kev ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab o, thiab tsawg dua 3% muaj insomnia thiab mob taub hau.
Qee qhov xwm txheej (nyob rau hauv kev siv tshuaj muaj feem cuam rau lwm yam tshuaj, nrog cov kab mob ntawm lub cev tso tawm, nrog rau kev siv cov dej cawv tsis tu ncua), tom qab siv lub sijhawm luv ntawm Livazo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los soj ntsuam kom paub qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm lub plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm lub cev tso tawm.
Hauv cov xwm txheej uas Livazo siv los tiv thaiv cov kab mob plawv hauv ntshav qab zib, cov ntshav qabzib yuav tsum tau saib xyuas, xws li qee qhov yuav muaj qab zib nce mus rau qib siab uas xav tau kev kho mob.
Rosuvastatin-SZ
Rosuvastatin-SZ siv rau thawj tsev neeg thiab tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, thiab ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov teeb meem hauv cov kab mob plawv.
Rosuvastatin-SZ yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 5, 10, 20 thiab 40 milligrams. Kev siv cov tshuaj statin li niaj zaus tuaj yeem txo cov cholesterol los 40-50% hauv 6-8 lub lim tiam ntawm kev kho mob. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj tsis hais lub sijhawm lossis nruab hnub. Qhov theem siab tshaj plaws ntawm rosuvastatin nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog pom 5 teev tom qab kev tswj hwm, maj mam txo qis dua 19 teev.
Ua ke nrog kev kho mob, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov zaub mov kom tsawg ntawm cov tsiaj thiab zaub tsiaj muaj roj, kom tshem tawm cov cawv thiab haus luam yeeb.
Cov kev tsis pom zoo rau kev teem caij ntawm Rosuvastatin-SZ yog myopathy, lub raum thiab ntshav siab tsis ua haujlwm, lactose tsis haum, cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, siv cov cyclosporine thiab HIV protease inhibitors. Statins uas siv tshuaj ntau kawg (40 mg) tsis yog kws kho rau hypothyroidism, nrog rau kev siv fibrates tib lub sijhawm.
Liprimar yog ib qho tshuaj zoo raws li atorvastatin thiab siv rau hauv cov neeg muaj roj ntsha tsis txaus, mob angina pectoris thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo siab mob plawv, rau kev tiv thaiv kom rov mob stroke, ntxiv rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus los txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim kab mob plawv. Liprimar, yog tias tsim nyog, tuaj yeem kho rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 9 xyoos.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov tshuaj statins siv ib txhij nrog kev siv cov tshuaj nicotinic acid, cephalosporins, fibrates, qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob (erythromycin, clarithromycin) thiab antimycotics, tom qab ntawd muaj qhov pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj - cov leeg tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg mob (mob leeg).
Atoris, uas suav nrog atorvastatin, raug kho rau kev mob atherosclerosis, ntshav qab zib mellitus, ntshav siab, angina pectoris thiab txo qis kev pheej hmoo yog tias muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab plawv hauv tsev neeg keeb kwm.
Atoris sai sai txo qib "phem" cov roj (14-18 hnub tom qab pib kho) thiab muaj cov nyhuv los tiv thaiv sclerotic, vim nws txhawb vasodilation, ua raws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov endothelium nrog, dilutes thiab normalizes ntshav coagulation.
Nrog rau qhov txo qis, haus dej cawv, electrolyte tsis txaus thiab tom qab kev phais mob, cov tshuaj tau tawm tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv. Atoris tsis pom zoo rau siv thaum cev xeeb tub, lactation thiab ua ntej lub hnub nyoog 16 xyoo.
Kaduet yog cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke uas tsis tsuas txo cov roj hauv lub cev vim cov ntsiab lus ntawm atorvastatin, tab sis kuj tseem ua rau cov ntshav siab siv amplodipine, calcium calcium blocker (normalizes qib hauv calcium hauv hlwb thiab pab txo systolic thiab diastolic ntshav siab).
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab tej zaum yuav muaj cov tshuaj nquag nyob rau hauv kev sib txawv. Kev siv tshuaj statin ntau npaum li cas los ntawm tus kheej tom qab kuaj xyuas cov lipid profile hauv biochemical tsom xam cov ntshav, lub xeev ntawm lub plawv, ob lub raum thiab mob siab.
Lub cadet no yog siv rau txhua hom kev mob ntshav siab ua ke nrog angina pectoris, dyslipidemia, lossis nrog atherosclerosis. Thaum kho nrog statin, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam lub xeev ntawm daim siab (tshuaj ntsuam xyuas "mob siab" hloov tsheb) thiab cov hniav (txhawm rau tiv thaiv hyperplasia thiab mob ntawm cov pos hniav) txhua 4-6 lub hlis.
Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm kev siv tshuaj statin therapy Kaduet yog txwv tsis pub, vim tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho angina pectoris, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov neeg laus.
Simvagexal
Simvagexal belongs rau thawj tiam ntawm statins, tab sis, txawm tias qhov no, nws yog qhov pheej yig thiab siv tau txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab siv rau kev siv ischemia ntev, hypercholesterolemia thiab hyperlipidemia, rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntshav atherosclerosis thiab mob plawv.
Txij li kev tsim cov lipoproteins hauv lub cev tshwm sim thaum hmo ntuj, statins raug noj ib hnub ib zaug nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj, muab tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tau mus txog tom qab 1.5-2 teev thiab txo qis tom qab 12 teev.
Kev kho mob nrog hom statin no yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ke nrog kev siv cytostatics, antimycotics (ketoconazole), immunosuppressants, anticoagulants (cov tshuaj pab kho cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntshav).
Zokor yog semi-hluavtaws statin ntawm thawj tiam thiab yog siv los tawm tsam kev mob plawv, muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau, ua rau muaj mob hla mus ncig cov ntshav hauv lub hlwb nrog atherosclerosis.
Zokor sai txo cov roj cholesterol, tsis hais txog qhov ntsuas pib: thawj cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tom qab ob lub lis piam, thiab cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws tau ua tiav tom qab 5-7 lub lis piam, thaum txoj kev kho yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo noj.
Inegi muaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke suav nrog simvastatin (10 txog 80 mg) thiab ezetimibe (10 mg), uas ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm pharmacological thiab muab kev txo qis hauv cov roj (cholesterol) zoo. Tsis zoo li lwm txoj kev, Inegi tuaj yeem raug kho rau cov neeg muaj mob raum, thiab cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas txij li 10 xyoo.
Ib qhov mob tseem ceeb rau Inegi txoj kev kho yog qhov kev pom ntawm kev noj zaub mov hypocholesterol tshwj xeeb (muaj roj tsawg).
Leskol yog hluavtaws statin uas muaj fluvastatin thiab muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab tshuaj ntsiav. Cov lus qhia rau kev teem sijhawm ntawm Leskol rau cov neeg laus yog kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub plawv thiab leeg ntshav, thiab menyuam yaus (txij li 9 xyoo) - tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia.
Ua ntej pib thiab thoob plaws hauv chav kawm los ntawm kev kho mob siv Leskol, kev noj zaub mov hypocholesterol yuav tsum ua raws li. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lipid-txo cov nyhuv ntawm Leskol tshwm sim tom qab 8-12 lub lis piam ntawm kev kho tshuaj, uas tej zaum yuav muaj nrog dyspepsia, mob plab, thiab mob plab zom mov.
Leskol yog cov tshuaj tso cai rau qee kis thaum nws yuav tsum tau siv cytostatics (cov neeg ua hauj lwm tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau kom qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob thiab faib cov hlwb, suav nrog cov neeg tsis ua haujlwm), uas cuam tshuam nrog lwm hom statins.
Sau cov tshuaj statin
Cov tshuaj noj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog statins, thiab lawv cov haujlwm yog dab tsi hauv kev txo cov roj (cholesterol), tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv cov ntawv hauv qab no.
Cov hom ntawm Statins | Kev txo cov roj (cholesterol) | Lub npe tshuaj |
Rosuvastatin | 55% | Neeg Coob, Akorta, Mertenyl, Kwv Txhiaj Ntsuag, Rosuvastatin, Hlob, Rosucard, Tevastor, Hlua |
Atorvastatin | 47% | Atorvastatin Canon, Cov Atomax, Tulip, Liprimar, Atoris, Thorvacard, Liptonorm, Lipitor |
Simvastatin | 38% | Zokor, Vasilip, Aries, Simvakard, Simvagexal, Simvastatin, Simvor, Simvastol, Simgal, Dab Ntxaug, Simlo |
Fluvastatin | 29% | Leskol Forte |
Lovastatin | 25% so | Cardiostatin 20 mg Holartar, Cardiostatin 40 mg |
Yuav ua li cas xaiv statins?
Txawm hais tias txhua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas txog statins rau kev txo qis roj, tus neeg mob yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog kev noj tshuaj, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog ua los ntawm kev pom zoo los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb. Qhov tseem ceeb, ua ntej txhua yam, tsis xyuas, tab sis kev teem caij ntsib kws kho mob.
Yog tias ib tug neeg tseem txiav txim siab siv tshuaj statins, ces txoj kev xaiv yuav tsum tsis yog tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj, tab sis, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, muaj cov kab mob mus ntev.
Kev kho tus kheej, yog tias roj ntau dhau, tsis muaj tshuaj yuav nqa tawm. Kev kho mob nrog cov roj hauv siab thiab lipid metabolism cov teeb meem yog kho los ntawm tus kws kho plawv lossis therapist. Hauv qhov no, tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum soj ntsuam cov kev pheej hmoo hauv qab no:
- muaj hnub nyoog
- tub los ntxhais
- qhov hnyav
- cwj pwm tsis zoo
- kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv system, lwm yam kab mob (mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, thiab lwm yam).
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau noj cov tshuaj statins rau hauv lub koob tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob tau sau, thaum nws tseem ceeb uas yuav tau noj kev kuaj ntshav biochemical npaum li sai tau raws li kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Thaum muaj cov tshuaj uas kim heev dhau los, koj tuaj yeem thov tus kws kho mob kom hloov nrog cov tshuaj uas pheej yig dua. Txawm li cas los xij, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj qub, vim tias cov kev tsim tawm ntawm cov kabmob generics yog cov qis dua li thawj cov tshuaj thiab cov generics uas cov chaw tsim khoom txawv teb chaws muab.
Cov neeg uas xav paub txog kev noj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov txiaj ntsig tiag thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm statins rau cov roj (cholesterol) yuav tsum xav txog ntau yam tseem ceeb los txo qis kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Yog tias cov tshuaj tau sau rau cov neeg laus, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov kev pheej hmoo myopathiesMuab ob npaug yog tias koj noj lawv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj rau ntshav siab, mob gout, mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.
Hauv cov kab mob siab mob siab, nws raug nquahu kom noj rosuvastatin hauv kev noj tshuaj tsawg, koj kuj siv tau Pravastatin (Pravaxol) Cov tshuaj no muab kev tiv thaiv daim siab, tab sis thaum siv lawv, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus dej cawv, thiab tseem xyaum kho tshuaj tua kab mob.
Nrog cov kev qhia tas li ntawm cov leeg mob lossis qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lawv, nws tseem raug nquahu kom siv Pravastatin, vim tias nws tsis lom rau cov leeg.
Cov neeg muaj raum mob raum yuav tsum txhob noj. Fluvastin Leskolkuj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus cawv Atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor), vim tias cov tshuaj no lom rau lub raum.
Yog tias tus neeg mob nrhiav kom txo cov roj av qis, nws raug pom zoo kom siv ntau hom statins.
Tam sim no tsis muaj pov thawj tseeb tias nws raug nquahu kom coj ua ke ntawm "statins ntxiv rau nicotinic acid." Thaum noj cov nicotinic acid nyob rau hauv cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib, cov ntshav qab zib yuav txo qis, tawm tsam gout, los ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv plab kuj ua tau, qhov tshwm sim muaj ntau rhabdomyolysis thiab mob hlwb.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm statins ntawm lub cev
Cov kws kho plawv siv tshuaj kho cov tshuaj statins rau cov neeg mob mob rau cov hlab ntshav, leeg ntshav siab, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo txaus ntawm cov hlab plawv pathologies.
Tam sim no, tus cwj pwm mus rau hom tshuaj no tau hloov pauv rau qee tus kws tshaj lij. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv Russia txog tam sim no tsis muaj kev tshawb nrhiav kev ywj pheej tag nrho ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm statins ntawm lub cev tau ua tiav.
Lub caij no, cov kws tshawb fawb Canadian thov tias tom qab siv statins, qhov pheej hmoo cataracts hauv cov neeg mob nce ntxiv ntawm 57%, thiab muab tus neeg uas raug mob mob ntshav qab zib, - los ntawm 82%. Xws li cov ntaub ntawv tau ceeb toom tau raug paub tseeb los ntawm kev txheeb cais.
Cov kws tshaj lij tau txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kaum plaub kev tshawb fawb uas tau ua los kawm txog cov nyhuv ntawm statins rau hauv lub cev. Lawv txoj kev xaus yog cov hauv qab no: thaum noj hom tshuaj no, qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm cov mob stroke thiab lub plawv nres, tab sis muab cov kev mob tshwm sim loj heev, lawv tsis tau sau rau cov neeg uas tsis tau mob yav dhau los lossis mob plawv. Raws li cov kws tshawb nrhiav, cov neeg uas niaj hnub noj cov tshuaj no yuav muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no:
Tab sis ntawm tag nrho, muaj ntau lub tswv yim sib txawv ntawm seb cov tshuaj no puas zoo lossis muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.
- Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees tau ua pov thawj tias nrog cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg, kev ntxim nyiam mob cancer, kab mob siab thiab ntau qhov mob loj, nrog rau kev ua neej ntxov thiab tua tus kheej, yog li tau lees tias cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg yog qhov muaj kev phom sij ntau dua li siab.
- Cov kws tshawb nrhiav los ntawm USA tau lees tias plawv nres thiab tus mob stroke tsis yog vim cov roj (cholesterol) siab, tab sis vim tias cov qib magnesium hauv lub cev tsawg.
- Statins tuaj yeem tso txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj (cholesterol), uas ua kom rov qab ua haujlwm ntawm cov nqaij hauv lub cev. Txhawm rau kom cov leeg ua kom loj tuaj hauv lub cev, thiab rau nws txoj haujlwm ib txwm muaj, cov roj ntsha muaj roj tsawg, uas yog "cov" roj "rog" xav tau. Yog tias pom qhov tsis txaus, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim myalgia, cov leeg khov kho.
- Thaum noj cov tshuaj no, cov roj (cholesterol) yog cov tshuaj tua kab, feem, thiab ntau lawm mevalonate, uas tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv hauv cov roj (cholesterol) xwb, tabsis tseem muaj ntau yam tshuaj. Lawv ua cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev, yog li lawv lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob kev loj hlob.
- Pab pawg no cov tshuaj yuav ua rau muaj qhov zuj zus mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, thiab tus kabmob no ua rau cov cholesterol ntau ntxiv. Ntau qhov chaw hais tias yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj statins ntev, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib yog los ntawm 10 txog 70%. Hauv qab ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub cell, qhov concentration ntawm GLUT4 protein, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, txo qis. Cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws Askiv pom tias kev noj cov tshuaj no yuav ua rau muaj kev mob ntshav qab zib ntau ntxiv rau cov poj niam tom qab tau coj khaub ncaws tawm 70%.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo yuav maj mam tshwm sim, txhua tus neeg mob tsis tuaj yeem pom tam sim ntawd, qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai nrog kev siv ntev.
- Thaum siv cov statins, ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm daim siab yog sau tseg. Cov neeg uas rog dhau los lossis coj lub neej kev ua kom tsaug zog, nco ntsoov rau qee lub sijhawm ua kev txhim kho hauv lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tab sis dhau sijhawm mus dhau los, cov txheej txheem nyuaj hauv lub cev tau cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo hauv cov txheej txheem hauv lub hlwb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov tib neeg laus.
Thaum ib tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 50 xyoo muaj qhov theem siab ntxiv ntawm cov roj cholesterol, qhov no qhia tau hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev hauv lub cev uas xav tau kev kho mob. Hauv qee lub tebchaws, cov kev pabcuam tau raug qhia nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws uas txhawb kev txo qis roj los ntawm txhawb kev ua lub neej, hloov pauv kev noj zaubmov, txiav luam yeeb nicotine, thiab siv cov statins.
Yog li ntawd, nyob hauv ntau lub teb chaws tus qauv no "ua haujlwm": kev tuag los ntawm cov kab mob plawv tau poob qis. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ntseeg tau tias kev txiav luam yeeb, kev tawm dag zog thiab hloov cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yog txoj hauv kev zoo dua rau kev ua kom ntev dua lub neej dua li kev siv tshuaj uas muaj contraindications, phiv.
Statins rau cov neeg mob laus
Ntawm qhov kev sib cav hauv kev pom zoo qhov tseeb tias cov laus yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj statins tsuas yog tom qab ua tib zoo ntsuas lub txiaj ntsig thiab cov txiaj ntsig, peb tuaj yeem rov qab tau txoj kev tshawb no, uas tau kawm los ntawm ntau dua 3 txhiab tus neeg laus dua 60 xyoo uas haus yeeb tshuaj statin. Kwv yees li 30% tau sau tseg cov tsos mob ntawm cov leeg mob, nrog rau txo qis hauv lub zog, ua kom muaj zog, ua kom tsis muaj zog.
Qhov mob nqaij yog qhov hnyav tshaj hauv cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav pib noj cov tshuaj no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus mob no txo qis kev siv dag zog - nws nyuaj rau tib neeg kev qhia, taug kev, uas thaum kawg ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob hlab ntsha tawg thiab plawv nres. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus neeg uas tsis tshua muaj kev txav mus los, lub cev hnyav pib nce zuj zus, uas nws tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv.
Fibrates: nws yog dab tsi?
Kev Npaj fibrateskuj siv los txo cov roj (cholesterol). Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho kev coj ua. fibroic acidCov. Lawv khi rau cov kua tsib cov kua qaub, yog li txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cholesterol los ntawm daim siab.
Fenofibrates qis dua qib ntawm cov tshuaj lipids, uas, nyeg, ua rau cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg dua. Raws li kev tshawb fawb hauv kev kho mob, kev siv cov fenofibrates qis cov roj (cholesterol) los ntawm 25%, triglycerides los ntawm 40-50%, thiab tseem nce qib cov roj av "zoo" los ntawm 10-30%.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv fenofibrates, ciprofibrates qhia tias nrog cov roj (cholesterol) siab, cov tshuaj no txo cov nyiaj rho tawm ntau, nrog rau cov roj tsawg dua thiab triglycerides hauv cov neeg mob nrog hypercholesterolemia.
Daim ntawv teev cov fenofibrates:
- Taykolor,
- Tsaus ntuj
- Exlip 200,
- CiprofibrateNtxhuav Thoj
- Gemfibrozil.
Tab sis, ua ntej koj yuav thiab noj cov tshuaj no, nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub siab tias lawv txoj kev siv ua rau qhov kev cia siab ntawm qee cov kev mob tshwm sim. Raws li txoj cai, ntau txoj hnyuv hauv lub plab feem ntau nthuav qhia: flatulence, dyspepsia, zawv plab, ntuav.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no yog sau tseg tom qab noj fenofibrates:
- Lub plab zom mov: pancreatitis, kab mob siab, ntuav, mob plab, xeev siab, raws plab, pom pob, muaj tsos mob ntawm gallstones.
- Musculoskeletal system: cov leeg tsis muaj zog, rhabdomyolysis, mob ua mob myalgia, mob caj pas, mob plab.
- Kev tswj hwm leeg: mob taub hau, ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg.
- Lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntshav: pulmonary embolism, mob hlab ntsha mus rau ntshav.
- Ua xua qhov tshwm sim: tawv nqaij khaus thiab tawm pob, ua kom lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj, urticaria.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm statins nrog fibrates tau ua dhau los ua kom txo tau cov koob tshuaj thiab, raws li, qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm statins.
Cov tshuaj noj kom txo qis roj hnyuv
Tshuaj Ezetimibe(Ezetrol) Yog cov tshuaj lipid-txo qis dua tshiab uas ua rau txo qhov nqus ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv plab hnyuv. Ib qho ntxiv, Ezetimibe (Ezetrol) tsis ua rau mob plab zom mov. Koj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj 10 mg ib hnub twg. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog tias lub cev tsim tawm txog li 80% ntawm cov cholesterol, thiab tsuas yog kwv yees li 20% ntawm nws tau noj nrog zaub mov.
Tag nrho lwm yam tshuaj
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia kev noj kev noj haus (BAA).
Txawm li cas los xij, ntuj txoj kev kho xws li Omega 3, Tykveol, linseed roj, lipoic acid txo cov roj cholesterol me ntsis.
Nws yuav tsum tau yug hauv siab tias kev noj zaub mov kom zoo tsis yog tshuaj, yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj no yog qhov qis dua rau cov tshuaj statin uas hais txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv.
Daim ntawv teev cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig uas tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no thiab muaj cov khoom xyaw ntuj tsim:
Ntsiav tshuaj muaj roj roj (Omega 3, Dej hiav txwv, Omacor) raug pom zoo rau kev siv los ntawm cov neeg uas nrhiav kom txo cov roj (cholesterol). Cov roj ntses muaj kev tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev txhim kho cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab lub plawv, nrog rau kev nyuaj siab thiab mob caj dab. Tab sis koj yuav tsum haus cov roj ntses kom zoo, vim tias kev noj nws yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo mob txha taub hau.
Cov noob roj taub dag yog qhia rau cov kev txom nyem no cholecystitis, atherosclerosis hlab ntsha hlwb kab mob siabCov. Cov cuab yeej muab cov choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective siv.
Lipoic acid
Cov cuab yeej no yog endogenous antioxidantNws yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob ntawm txoj hlab ntshav atherosclerosis. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm carbohydrate metabolism yog sau tseg. Thaum nws noj, trophism ntawm neurons txhim kho, thiab qib glycogen hauv daim siab nce.
Cov vitamins pab txhawb rau cov normalization roj, nce hemoglobin lwm yam. Lub cev xav tau vitamin b12 thiab B6, folic acid, Nicotinic acidCov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov no yog cov vitamins ntuj, uas yog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom noj cov zaub mov uas muaj cov vitamins no.
BAA yog ib qho kev rho tawm ntawm tus taw ntawm fir, nws muaj beta-sitosterol, polyprenols. Yuav tsum noj thaum twg ntshav siab, atherosclerosis, high triglycerides thiab roj (cholesterol).
Lwm yam kev txhais tau tias
Sequestrants ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub(Lub log tsimthiab lwm yam) yog cov tshuaj uas tau siv hauv kev kho mob nyuaj ua tus pabcuam ntu rau txo cov roj (cholesterol). Lawv inhibit nws synthesis hauv ntshav.
Ciprofibrate Ntxhuav Thoj - inhibits cov synthesis ntawm cov cholesterol nyob rau hauv lub siab, txo qis nws cov ntshav nyob hauv ntshav, txo qis dua ntawm atherogenic lipoproteins.
Yog li, cov npe tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab tam sim no muaj ntau heev. Tab sis yog tias tus neeg mob ua rau txo cov roj hauv cov ntshav nrog tshuaj, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj uas cov roj cholesterol ua kom tsawg yog ua rau muaj ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim. Yog lawm, thaum sau tshuaj rau cov roj (cholesterol) siab, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ua qhov no, thiab kuj qhia rau tus neeg mob txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov cholesterol.
Tab sis tseem, kev noj tshuaj rau txo cov ntshav siab cov roj yuav tsum raug noj, sib txuas nrog kev kho mob ntawd nrog kev noj hausxyab ntawv thiab nquag lub neejCov. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj uas txo cov ntshav hauv cov roj ntshav, cov cim hloov tshiab, vim lawv cov chaw tsim tshuaj txhim kho cov tshuaj.
Koj tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav roj nrog cov tshuaj kom tsis txhob poob rau qee qib. Tab sis cov roj hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj roj yuav tsum tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab tshwm sim ntawm kev mob plawv. Muaj ntau pab pawg ntawm cov neeg mob uas yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj rau cov cholesterol hauv cov ntshav. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, ua ntej koj pib noj cov tshuaj kom txo cov roj cholesterol, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob uas hnyav rau cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev phom sij ntawm cov kev kho mob.
Txhawm rau kom muaj txoj sia nyob mus ib txhis, ntxiv rau kev noj tshuaj, koj yuav tsum noj kom raug, ua si kis las. Yog tias cov roj (cholesterol) muaj ntau dua, nws zoo dua yog qhov hloov pauv sai ntawm kev ua neej, uas yuav ua rau nws li qub tsis muaj kev kho ntxiv. Koj tseem tuaj yeem xyaum noj cov kev kho mob hauv pej xeem, uas suav nrog zib ntab thiab lwm yam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws uas tso cai rau koj kom "huv" lub cev. Yuav ua li cas thiab ntau npaum li cas ib hnub ib zaug kom haus cov nyiaj ntawd, tus kws tshaj lij yuav qhia.
Statins: nws yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj li txais?
Statins - Qhov no yog pab pawg ntawm lipid-txo cov tshuaj uas siv los kho hypercholesterolemia, i.e., nce qhov xwm yeem ntawm cov roj (XC, Chol) hauv cov ntshav, uas tsis zoo rau txoj kev kho tsis raug tshuaj.
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm statins yog ua raws li kev txwv tsis pub muaj enzyme, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov cholesterol los ntawm lub siab (qhov chaw txog li 80% ntawm cov tshuaj).
Mechanism ntawm kev ua statins muaj nyob rau hauv lawv qhov kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lub siab: lawv thaiv cov zais ntawm cov enzyme HMG-KoA reductase, uas ua rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ua ntej ntawm cov roj hauv lub cev ua ke.
Qhov no pab txo qis cov lipoproteins tsawg tsawg (LDL, LDL) - nqa khoom ntawm "tsis zoo" XC rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab, hloov dua siab tshiab, - nce qhov siab ntawm lipoproteins ntau ntom (HDL), nqa cov "zoo" XC rov qab ua rau daim siab, rau kev ua thiab tom qab pov tseg. Cov.
Ntawd yog, ncaj qha thiab thim rov qab cov roj cholesterol thauj tau rov qab, thaum qib kev txo qis.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov nyhuv tseem ceeb, statins muaj lwm cov txiaj ntsig zoo: lawv txo qhov mob endothelial, tswj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm atherosclerotic plaques, thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj nitric oxide, uas tsim nyog rau so cov hlab ntsha.
Raws li theem ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) es lawv raug sau tseg?
Statins raug coj nrog cov roj (cholesterol) ntau - los ntawm 6,5 mmol / litre. Tab sis txawm tias cov ntsuas zoo li no, tsis pub dhau 3-6 lub hlis nws tsim nyog sim txo lawv los ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm kev quav, ib qho muaj peev xwm txo qis hypocholesterol thiab kev ua kis las. Tsuas yog tom qab cov kev ntsuas no yog cov lus nug ntawm kev teem caij ntawm statins txiav txim siab.
Kev tsim cov nyiaj khaws cia rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha vim tias cov roj ntsha hauv cov ntshav ntau ntau.
Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov kws kho mob tau tshaj tawm cov tshuaj statins ua ib feem ntawm kev kho mob tseem ceeb txawm tias tus nqi qis dua - los ntawm 5.8 mmol / litre, yog tias cov neeg mob muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev mob hnyav ntxiv:
Noj txawm tias "ua yeeb yam me" statins tuaj yeem muaj qhov tsis zoo, yog li nws raug txwv tsis pub coj los ntawm koj tus kheej. Yog li, tsuas yog tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab nyob rau qib dab tsi ntawm cov roj nws yog lub sijhawm pib haus cov tshuaj statins.
Muaj kev phom sij thiab tshwm sim
Nrog rau cov tshuaj kom raug, kev mob tshwm sim ntawm statins yog qhov tsis tshua muaj (txog li 3% ntawm tus neeg mob) thiab feem ntau yog rau cov neeg mob uas siv tshuaj ntau dua li 3-5 xyoos, lossis rau cov neeg uas tau noj ntau dua cov tshuaj pom zoo. Nrog kev tswj hwm tus kheej, muaj qhov muaj peev xwm siab ntau ntawm kev ua yuam kev tsis yog nrog kev tsuas tshuaj, tab sis kuj nrog kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim rau 10-14%.
Cov kev tsis zoo ntawm kev siv ntau dhau ntawm statins muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm intoxication:
- ua txhaum ntawm cov quav (cem quav, raws plab), tsam plab, xeev siab, ntuav, tsis qab los noj mov,
- mob daj ntseg, mob caj dab thiab mob plab tsis raws qhov chaw mob,
- nce tawm hws thiab tso zis, lub raum khiav tsis zoo,
- liab, o thiab khaus ntawm lub cev, tawv nqaij ua pob ua pob ua zig,
- kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, tsis muaj zog, nkees, lub zeem muag tsis pom kev.
Nyob rau hauv parallel nrog kev txo qis hauv lipoproteins, statins txo cov khoom tsim Q10 coenzymes, uas muab lub zog rau yuav luag txhua lub cev cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog li ntawd, nrog nws cov tsis muaj peev xwm txaus, cov teeb meem loj kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim:
- nce lub plawv dhia thiab malfunction, dhia mus sai hauv ntshav siab,
Kawm txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj cov statins ntawm cov neeg tiam tam sim no.
Tsawg muaj (txog li 1% ntawm cov teeb meem) kev mob tshwm sim yog lub cev tsis hnov lus thiab qhov tsis hnov tsw, muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij rau lub hnub, kev nyuaj siab, lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov nqaij mos ntawm qhov tsis-ua kom mob.
Hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, noj cov tshuaj statins tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib ntau ntxiv - txog li 2.0 mmol / litre, uas ua rau kev tswj cov nyom metabolism.
Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj
Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias statins (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiam tshiab) muaj qee yam tsawg ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, lawv tseem muaj qee qhov tsis sib haum:
- cov kab mob hnyav ntawm lub raum, mob siab thiab mob qog,
- lub cev tiv thaiv kev tsis haum (ua xua) rau cov khoom ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg,
- mob muaj keeb ntawm cov leeg nqaij hlav
- lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, menyuam lub hnub nyoog txog 18 xyoo.
Ib qho ntxiv, vim yog muaj mob loj heev ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv, noj cov tshuaj statins tsis pom zoo rau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- kev sib deev yam tsis siv kev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub (tshwj xeeb yog cov poj niam hluas muaj hnub nyoog deev),
- muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua txhaum loj nyob hauv cov kab ke endocrine, kev cuam tshuam los ntawm hormonal thiab kev siv tshuaj hormonal,
- ua ke nrog kev kho mob nrog fibrates, niacin, tshuaj tua kab mob macrolide, cytostatics thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Cov contraindications no tsis yog qhov tseeb, txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov kws kho mob tau sau ntawv rau statins tsuas yog thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab soj ntsuam kev txais tos nrog kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Cawv tau zoo
Kev siv cov statins ib txhij nrog cawv (suav nrog cawv tsawg) yog txwv tsis pub siv: xws li kev sib koom ua ke muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub siab ua rau lub siab, ua rau lub cev muaj mob lom.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws, kev siv ethanol yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv lub cev tsis zoo, thiab hauv qhov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws, vim tias muaj kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm hepatocytes, lawv cov nqaij sib txuas yuav hloov, necrosis lossis mob rau daim siab yuav pib tsim.
Thawj tiam
Statins ntawm lub cim 1 (1) yog cov lipid-txo qis cov neeg ua hauj lwm raws li ntuj los yog ib nrab hluavtaws cov khoom ua si - lovastatin (lovastatin), pravastatin (pravastatin) thiab simvastatin (simvastatin).
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua ntawm cov statins thaum ntxov ntawm daim lipid profile yog pom tseeb: lawv muab txo qis hauv qib "phem" cov roj (los ntawm 27-34%) thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv. Ntxiv mus, lawv tsis tshua muaj bioavailability, uas yog, lawv tsis kam lees thiab muaj cov cuam tshuam tsawg ntawm cov kev sib txuam ntawm cov roj "zoo".
Qhov tseem ceeb tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog lawv cov nqi, nrog rau cov ntawv pov thawj mus sij hawm ntev: hauv qhov tshwj xeeb, raws li HPS, kev sim simvastatin rau 20,5 txhiab tus neeg mob tau pom tias nws siv sijhawm ntev txhim kho vascular mob thiab tiv thaiv atherosclerosis.
Qhov tsis zoo thiab muaj kev phom sij ntawm thawj qhov statins yog vim muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm rhabdomyolysis. Vim tias qhov no, qhov siab tshaj plaws (dhau 40 mg) ntawm cov tshuaj yog kws kho mob uas tsis tshua muaj, yog tias lwm txoj kev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem siv tau.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv yuav tsum noj cov ntsiav tshuaj 1 zaug hauv ib hnub, pib nrog 10-20 mg, thaum noj hmo lossis thaum hmo ntuj.
Kev npaj ntawm pawg statin ntawm 1st tiam raws lovastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs./mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Holetar (Choletar) | KRKA, Slovenia | 20/20,40 | 294–398 |
Cardiostatin (Cardiostatin) | Hemofarm, Serbia | 30/20,40 | 210–377 |
Kev npaj ntawm pawg statin ntawm 1st tiam raws pravastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs./mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Lipostat | Bristol Myers (BMS), Asmeskas | 14/10,20 | 143–198 |
Pravastatin | Valenta Cov Tshuaj, Russia | 30/10,20 | 108–253 |
Kev npaj ntawm ib pawg statins ntawm 1st tiam raws simvastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs / mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Simvastatin (simvastatin) | Ozon (Ozon), Russia | 30/10,20,40 | 34–114 |
Vasilip (Vasilip) | KRKA, Slovenia | 28/10,20,40 | 184–436 |
Zocor | MSD, USA | 28/10,20 | 176–361 |
Simvahexal | Sandoz, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees | 30/10,20,40 | 235–478 |
Tiam ob tiam
Statins ntawm II (2) tiam yog cov tshuaj hluavtaws (zoo li txhua tiam txuas ntxiv) uas muaj cov fluvastatin (fluvastatin) ua rau hauv cov ntsev ntsev ntsev.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm fluvastatin tiv thaiv cov roj cholesterol nyob rau hauv nws cov kev txhawb zog hauv kev tsim cov lipoproteins high-ntom, vim tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm lipoproteins tsawg-tsawg (24-31%) thiab triglycerides tau them rov qab, nrog rau cov qib ntshav roj hauv lub cev ua haujlwm li qub.
Qhov tseem ceeb kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yog tias lawv muaj lub siab bioavailability, uas txo qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem raug kho txawm tias cov neeg tom qab hloov khoom nruab nrog, kev kho mob nrog cytostatics, thiab menyuam yaus txij li 10 xyoo nrog ib hom kab mob hypocholesterolemia.
Qhov tsis zoo thiab muaj kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj lipid-txo qis yog lawv cov nyhuv tsis muaj zog, vim tias, txhawm rau kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig tau tshaj tawm, ib qho yuav tsum tau txais kev noj tshuaj ntau ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj, uas ua rau lub zog nce ntxiv rau hauv lub cev.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv kuj paub meej tias yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj ntau - twb pib koj yuav tsum haus cov ntsiav tshuaj 40-80 mg ib hnub ib zaug, nyiam dua thaum yav tsaus ntuj.
Kev npaj ntawm ib pawg statins ntawm II tiam raws fluvastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs / mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Lescol (Lescol) | Novartis, Switzerland | 28/20,40 | 1287–2164 |
Lescol Forte (Lescol XL) | Novartis, Switzerland | 28/80 | 2590–3196 |
Thib peb
Atorvastatin-raws li cov qauv ntawm lub koob thib 3 (3) rau cov kws kho mob yog cov tshuaj lipid-txo qis ntawm qhov kev xaiv thawj - lawv feem ntau sib luag ntawm cov nqi / kev ua tau zoo thiab piv dav, piv txwv li, qhia cov kev kho mob ruaj khov ua rau cov neeg mob ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv, suav nrog cov laus.
Kev ua hauj lwm zoo Qhov tshuaj no rau cov qib roj (cholesterol) tau lees paub los ntawm ntau qhov kev soj ntsuam, nrog rau CURVES, GRACE thiab TNT, uas pom qhov feem pua txo qis hauv cov qib ntawm cov lipoproteins uas tsis muaj ntshav (los ntawm 39–47%). Tsis tas li ntawd, atorvastatin tiv thaiv kev tsim cov cholesterol los ntawm cov roj ntsha uas twb muaj lawm.
Qhov loj kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj, dhau li ntawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb, yog tias nyob rau hauv thaj chaw tsawg kawg (10 mg), atorvastatin xyaum tsis cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj uas tau noj los ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kev mob siab thib ob ntawm hypercholesterolemia.
Kev tsis zoo thiab kev phom sij muaj peev xwm ua los ntawm Atorvastatin sib zog raws nws cov koob tshuaj thiab lub sijhawm. Nrog kev kho mob ntev ntev, kev phiv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab yog feem ntau sau tseg, txawm li cas los xij, zoo li los ntawm lwm yam lipophilic statins (I, II thiab III tiam).
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv qhia ntau yam kev hloov pauv ntawm thawj zaug ntawm cov tshuaj - los ntawm 10 txog 80 mg 1 zaug hauv ib hnub, noj tsis hais noj mov dabtsi thaum lub sijhawm hnub.
Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm III tiam statin pawg raws li atorvastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs / mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Torvacard | Zentiva, Czech koom pheej | 30/10,20,40 | 242–654 |
Liprimar | Pfizer, Lub teb chaws Yelemees | 30/10,20,40,80 | 684–1284 |
Atoris | KRKA, Slovenia | 30/10,20,30,40 | 322–718 |
Txoj Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (Atorvastatin) | Izvarino Pharma, Russia | 30/10,20,40,80 | 184–536 |
Plaub (tshiab) tiam
Statins IV (4) tiam, i.e. rosuvastatin (rosuvastatin) thiab pitavastatin (pitavastatin) yog cov tshuaj lipid-txo qis kawg nkaus, lawv tau txiav txim siab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov roj (cholesterol).
Kev ua hauj lwm zoo niaj hnub statins surpasses dhau txhua tiam neeg ua ntej ntawm cov tshuaj hauv pawg no. Ib qho kev sib piv ntawm Rosuvastatin LUNAR qhia tau qhov kev txo qis hauv cov cim ntawm cov roj "tsis zoo" (los ntawm 47-51%) thiab nce ntxiv hauv nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antiatherosclerotic. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ntau dua kev noj tshuaj ntau dua, piv txwv li, Atorvastatin.
Qhov loj kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj - qhov tsawg ntawm cov contraindications, nrog rau kev pheej hmoo tsawg ntawm kev phiv. Tsis zoo li lwm yam statins, lawv tsis cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism hauv kev ua kom yuag, yog li ntawd lawv raug tso cai kom noj txawm tias yuav tsum sib luag nrog kev kho mob ntshav qab zib.
Qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo uas tshwm sim dhau los ntawm cov lej kawg yog qhov tsis tshua pom tshwm sim ntau dua, tab sis qee zaum lawv siv ntev ntev los cuam tshuam cov mob ntawm lub raum hauv cov neeg mob uas nws cov zis muaj protein los yog kab tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav. Hauv qhov no, lawv tuaj yeem tsis muaj txiaj ntsig lossis muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg mob lim ntshav.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov xav tau kom maj mam hloov kho lub cev mus rau cov tshuaj, yog li nws tau pom zoo kom pib noj nws nrog cov koob tshuaj tsawg kawg nkaus - rosuvastatin 5-10 mg lossis pitavastatin 1 mg 1 lub sijhawm thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tsaus ntuj.
Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm IV tiam statins pawg raws li rosuvastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs / mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Tevastor | TEVA, Ixayees | 30/ 5, 10,20 | 321–679 |
Rosucard (Rozucard) | Zentiva, Czech koom pheej | 30/10,20,40 | 616–1179 |
Neeg Coob | Astra Zeneca, Askiv | 28/10,20,40 | 996–4768 |
Mertenil (Mertenil) | Gedeon Richter, Hungary | 30/ 5, 10,40 | 488–1582 |
Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm IV pawg statin pab pawg raws li pitavastatin:
Kev lag luam lub npe | Chaw tsim tshuaj paus, lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm | Tsuas tshuaj, pcs / mg | Nqe, tshiav. |
Livazo | Recordati, Ireland | 28/ 1, 2, 4 | 584–1122 |
Cov npe tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm: tag nrho cov npe
Hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, tsis tsuas yog cov tshuaj qub ntawm cov pab pawg statin tau muag, tab sis kuj luam cov tshuaj, qhov sibcov generics (analogues) uas tau ua los ntawm cov tib yam muaj sia nyob hauv ib lub npe txawv (INN).
Daim ntawv teev tag nrho cov statins zwm npe hauv tebchaws Russia:
- lovastatin(Kuv) - Cardiostatin, Mevacor, Holetar, Lovastatin, Rovacor, Medostatin, Lovacor, Lovasterol,
- pravastatin (I) - Lipostat, Pravastatin,
- simvastatin (I) - Simvalimite, Zokor, Vabadin, Simvastol, Avestatin, Simgal, Actalipid, Simvastatin-Ferein, Simplakor, Atherostat, Vasilip, Zorstat, Levomir, Ovenkor, Simvageksal, Allesta, Simvakol, Simvastatin, Simvor Zimak, Simvor Zimak, Simvorz , Simvatin,
- fluvastatin (II) - Leskol, Leskol forte,
- theorvastasti (III) - Tulip, Liptonorm, Torvakard, Atoris, Liprimar, Atorvastatin, Atorvastatin Canon, Atomax,
- pitavastatin (IV) - Pitavastatin, Lizao,
- rosuvastatin (IV) - Roxera, Crestor, Po-statin, Mertenil, Rosulip, Lipoprime, Tevastor, Rosuvastatin-C3, Rosistark, Rosart, Suvardio, Rosuvastatin, Akorta, Reddistatin, Rosucard, Cardiolip, Rosuvastatin Canon, Rosuvastuastatin, calcium Cov.
Ntxiv rau cov npe lag luam, cov generics sib txawv ntawm qhov qub patent hauv tshuab ntau lawm, nqe thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov koom haum pabcuam. Txwv tsis pub, lawv muaj peev xwm zoo ib yam, yog li ib tus neeg muaj cai xaiv ntawm tus kheej uas zoo dua thiab hloov cov qub. Tab sis tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Ntev npaum li cas lawv yuav tsum coj mus?
Nrog txoj kev kho kom raug xaiv, cov statins feem ntau muab thawj thawj cov lipid-txo cov nyhuv tsis pub dhau 2 lub lis piam tom qab pib lawv cov kev nkag mus, tsuas yog rosuvastatin: nws muaj cov lus tshaj tawm tom qab 7-9 hnub txij li pib kho. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim tsim tawm tom qab 1-1.5 lub hlis ntawm kev noj cov statins thiab tswj hwm thoob plaws hauv chav kawm.
Feem ntau, qhov ib txwm ua ntawm cov metabolism hauv cov rog hauv lub cev yog cov txheej txheem ntev heev, yog li cov statins yog tshuaj rau lub sijhawm ob peb hlis mus rau ntau xyoo. Nrog rau daim ntawv caj ces ntawm hypercholesterolemia, nrog rau nrog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov lipid tsis zoo, noj cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum muaj rau lub neej.
Ntuj lipid-txo cov tshuaj
- cog sterols (phytosterols) - hiav txwv buckthorn thiab roj nplej, noob nplej, noob paj noob hlis thiab noob hnav dub, noob poppy, taum thiab avocado,
- tshuaj tua kab mob polyphenols - chokeberry, honeysuckle, liab sawv, pomegranate, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, persimmons, currants dub, txiv lws suav thiab dos liab,
Zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas pab txhawb cov roj (cholesterol) li qub.
Cov tshuaj ntxiv raws li cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw no ua tau sai heev - rau 2,5 - 3 hlis, qib roj cholesterol txo los ntawm 15-23%. Qhov txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo yuav tsum xav tias yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua - li 4-7 lub hlis.
Xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj
Kev sim ua pov thawj ntawm cov neeg mob noj statins los txo cov roj (cholesterol) tso cai rau koj los ua ib daim duab tiav thiab hnyav txhua qhov "zoo" thiab "cons":
Cov txiaj ntsig | Nyias tsis zoo |
ib qho yooj yim koob tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj | feem ntau unwarranted tshwm sim |
cov roj cholesterol sai | ua tsis tau zoo los ntawm cov laus |
txo hauv lub cev nyhav thiab ntim | ntau dua qhov tshuaj ntau dua sijhawm |
ntshav siab normalization | tus nqi siab ntawm cov tshuaj tshiab |
zuag qhia tag nrho kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv | kev ua haujlwm tsawg ntawm cov nyiaj ntawm 1 thiab 2 tiam |
ntev lub sij hawm txij nkawm ntawm ntsuas | xav tau zaub mov noj |
Cov kev xav zoo li no qhia tau hais tias ntau tus neeg tsis tshua ntseeg txog statins thiab sau cim ob qho tib si ntawm qhov tsis zoo thiab tsis zoo hauv lawv txoj kev siv. Nws yog tsim nyog rau hauv kev txiav txim siab lub tswv yim, paub rau ntau tus ua tsaug rau lub TV program "Nyob rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws", los ntawm Dr. Myasnikov, uas hais tias cov statins yog tsuas yog tsim kev kub ntxhov rau kev noj qab haus huv: twb muaj cov kab mob loj los ntawm lub siab lossis los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm 3 lossis ntau yam kev pheej hmoo (tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, ntxiv qhov hnyav, thiab lwm yam).Cov tshuaj hauv cov pab pawg no muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev thiab tsis yog kws kho mob rau kev txiav txim siab me los ntawm tus txheej txheem.
Qhov twg yuav statins los txo cov roj cholesterol?
Koj tuaj yeem yuav thawj statins thiab lawv cov generics zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm tsev, xaj los ntawm kev ntseeg hauv online chaw muag tshuaj:
- https://apteka.ru - Krestor 10 mg No. 28 - 1255 rubles, Simvastatin 20 mg No. 30 - 226 rubles, Leskol forte 80 mg No. 28 - 2537 rubles, Liprimar 40 mg No. 30 - 1065 rubles,
- https://wer.ru - Krestor 10 mg No. 28 - 1618 rubles, Simvastatin 20 mg No. 30 - 221 rubles, Leskol forte 80 mg No. 28 - 2714 rubles, Liprimar 40 mg No. 30 - 1115 rubles.
Hauv nroog peev, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem muas tau hauv txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj ze:
- Kev Sib Tham, st. Perovskaya 55/56 txij 07:00 txog 22:00, tel. +7 (495) 108-17-39,
- Lub Nroog Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, st. Suav Nthuav 2-4 / 44, p. 1. los ntawm 08:00 txog 23:00, tel. +7 (495) 797-63-36.
Hauv St. Petersburg
Hauv St. Petersburg, raws li txoj cai, kuj tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev yuav khoom statins:
- Cov pas dejAve. Tshwj xeeb 25/18 txij thaum 07:00 txog 23:00, tel. +7 (812) 603-00-00,
- Rigla, st. Pea 41a, pom. 9h txij 08:00 txog 22:00, tel. +7 (800) 777-03-03.
Hauv kev xaus, nws tsim nyog them ib zaug ntxiv tias statins tsis yog txoj kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus mob atherosclerosis, tab sis cov tshuaj hnyav uas tuaj yeem nqa ob qho txiaj ntsig thiab kev phom sij. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj kev ntshai ntawm cov neeg mob, nrog txoj kev mob plawv loj heev, lawv lub hom phiaj tsuas yog ncaj ncees, vim hais tias nyob rau cov xwm txheej no lawv yeej cawm tau neeg txoj sia.
Cov roj (cholesterol) statins: thaum tshuaj, cov kev mob tshwm sim
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, hauv lwm lo lus, statins, yog pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tau muab rau cov roj (cholesterol) siab, uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj analogues. Yog tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov teeb meem LDL roj ntau dhau dhau qhov cai thiab kev hloov khoom noj khoom haus tsis tuaj yeem pab kho qhov xwm txheej, tus neeg mob tau kho mus sij hawm ntev statin therapy.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov kev ua yog txhawm rau txhawm rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm enzyme lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov roj cholesterol hauv lub siab, thiab qeeb cov kev vam meej ntawm atherosclerosis. Kev noj tshuaj tsis tu ncua pab ncua ntev lub neej rau cov neeg muaj mob atherosclerosis, mob ncig mus ncig, cov uas tau muaj lossis muaj mob hlab ntsha plawv ntev.
Thaum twg thiab leej twg yuav tsum tau noj statins
Cov roj (cholesterol) statins yog tshuaj rau cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg, thaum cov roj (cholesterol) siab dua, tsis thim, thiab yog 300-330 mg / dl lossis 8-11 mmol / l, nrog rau cov xwm txheej qhov tsawg kawg ib tus mob tau ua tiav:
- plawv nres, mob stroke lossis ischemic nres,
- txoj hlab ntshav kev bypass grafting,
- atherosclerotic lesion ntawm cov hlab ntshav hlab ntsha,
- kom c-reactive protein thiab calcium deposition hauv cov hlab ntshav.
Kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj rau cov roj cholesterol tsis yog kho rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv nrog kev nce qib hauv LDL, vim tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev yuav muaj zog dua li cov txiaj ntsig. Nws kuj tseem tsis tau pom zoo kom pib kho nrog statins hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- cov roj (cholesterol) me thiab tsis khov txaus nce,
- tsis muaj atherosclerosis,
- tsis muaj mob plawv lossis mob stroke
- tsis muaj calcium deposition hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis nws tsis tseem ceeb,
- c-reactive protein tsawg dua 1 mg / dl.
Nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab tias kev kho mob nrog statins tuaj yeem txuas mus tas lub neej. Thaum lawv raug tso tseg, cov qib roj cholesterol yuav rov qab mus rau nws qib dhau los.
Kev siv cov statins yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog kev pom zoo ntawm kws kho mob vim tias muaj ntau yam contraindications thiab phiv. Thaum muab tshuaj rau cov ntsiav tshuaj, cov hauv qab no suav txiav txim siab:
- lub hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej ntawm tus neeg mob
- yav dhau los lossis yav dhau los cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv thiab ntshav lub cev, suav nrog mob ntshav qab zib.
Cov neeg laus yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj statins nrog kev ceev faj yog tias lawv siv lwm cov tshuaj tsim los kho kev mob ntshav siab, gout, lossis ntshav qab zib. Rau pawg no ntawm tus neeg mob, tswj ntshav kuaj thiab kuaj ntshav siab ua 2 zaug ntau zaus.
Mob ntshav qab zib thiab statins
Statins muaj lwm qhov tseem ceeb rho tawm - lawv nce ntshav qab zib ntxiv los ntawm 1-2 mmol / L. Qhov no nce ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm hom Ntshav Qab Zib II li 10%. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas twb muaj ntshav qab zib lawm, kev noj haus statins tswj tsis tau thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo sai sai.
Tab sis, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev noj cov statins tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua li cov kev tsis zoo uas lawv muaj rau lub cev. Cov tshuaj kho mob txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg, txuas lub neej ntev dua, uas tseem ceeb dua li qhov nce qib hauv kev nce siab hauv cov ntshav qab zib.
Nrog ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo. Kev noj cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov kom tsis txhob muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau, ua kom lub cev ua kom muaj zog ntau dua thiab noj cov tshuaj insulin.
Kev faib tawm ntawm statins
Cov pab pawg ntawm statins suav nrog cov tshuaj muaj ntau. Hauv cov tshuaj, lawv tau muab faib ua ob ntu: los ntawm tiam (lub sijhawm tso ntawm lub khw muag tshuaj) thiab keeb kwm.
- Kuv tiam: Simvastatin, Pravastatin, Lovastatin. Cov theem ntawm cov ntshav siab lipoproteins tau nce ntau me me. Muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub xeev cov hlab ntsha, txhim kho cov ntshav txuam, muaj cov khoom ua haujlwm antioxidant. Lawv muaj cov nyhuv qis tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam tshuaj. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau muab rau cov neeg mob uas muaj tus mob hypercholesterolemia, uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev mob hlab hlwb atherosclerosis.
- II tiam: fluvastatin. Kev txo qis txhim kho cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov hlwb koom nrog nws cov synthesis, ua rau kom muaj kev nce siab thiab tshem tawm ntawm LDL. Ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj uas txo cov roj (cholesterol), nws muaj qhov hloov feem ntau ntawm lub cev. Tso cai rau kev ua txhaum ntawm lipid metabolism los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem: kev mob plawv atherosclerosis, mob hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha, mob plawv thiab mob stroke tom qab kev phais.
- III tiam: Atorvastatin. Cov ntsiav tshuaj zoo uas tau muab tshuaj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj ntau hom mob hypercholesterolemia, nrog ntau hom kabmob, kab mob muaj keeb. Qhia rau cov neeg kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob plawv, nrog rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv mob ntshav siab.
- IV tiam: Rosuvastatin, Pitavastatin. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov ua hauj lwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tsawg kawg ntawm kev phiv. Txo cov roj ntsha LDL thiab nce HDL, ntxuav cov hlab ntshav, tiv thaiv kev ua kom tsawg ntxiv ntawm cov leeg ntshav ntawm cov plaques. Siv rau kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv atherosclerosis thiab nws cov txim. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj ntawm yav dhau los, Rosuvastatin tsis tsuas yog tua cov teeb meem lipoproteins, tab sis kuj txo cov vascular mob, uas, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, kuj tseem ua kom mob atherosclerosis. Pitavastatin yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov no tsuas yog cov tshuaj los ntawm pawg cov statins uas tsis cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism hauv qabzib thiab, yog li ntawd, tsis nce nws qib.
Yog tias muaj kab mob siab, nws raug nquahu kom siv tsuas yog siv tshuaj tshiab hauv kev qis tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb tshaj plaws tam sim no statins tiv thaiv daim siab thiab ua puas tsawg rau lub cev. Tab sis lawv raug txwv tsis pub sib xyaw nrog cawv thiab lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob.
Los ntawm keeb kwm, tag nrho cov statins tau muab faib ua:
- Ntuj: Lovastatin. Cov tshuaj noj tshuaj, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua uas cais tawm ntawm penicillin fungi.
- Semi-hluavtaws: Simvastatin, Pravastatin. Lawv yog hloov kho qee yam kev hloov pauv ntawm mevalonic acid.
- Synthetic: fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, pitavastatin. Cov roj (cholesterol) txo qis cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog cov khoom tshiab.
Tsis tas yuav tsum xav hais tias cov ntsiav tshuaj roj cholesterol muaj kev nyab xeeb dua vim tias lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lub tswv yim no yog erroneous. Lawv kuj muaj ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim, zoo li lawv cov hluavtaws sib tov.Ntxiv mus, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias cov tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb tiag tiag uas tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo yog tsis muaj.
Ntau yam ntawm statins, tus nqi nruab nrab hauv cov chaw muag tshuaj
Cov tshuaj muaj feem dab tsi rau cov statins thiab pab tau zoo npaum li cas rau kev txo cov roj (cholesterol) tuaj yeem pom hauv lub rooj.
Lub npe lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo qis roj | Cov npe tshuaj thiab kev xav ntawm lub hauv paus tshuaj | Lawv tsim nyob qhov twg | Tus nqi nruab nrab, rub. |
---|---|---|---|
Thawj Tiam Lis | |||
Simvastatin (38%) | Vasilip (10, 20, 40 mg) | Hauv Slovenia | 450 |
Simgal (10, 20 lossis 40) | Hauv Ixayees thiab Czech koom pheej | 460 | |
Simvakard (10, 20, 40) | Hauv Czech koom pheej | 330 | |
Simlo (10, 20, 40) | Hauv Is Nrias teb | 330 | |
Simvastatin (10, 20.40) | Hauv Lavxias Lavxias, Serbia | 150 | |
Pravastatin (38%) | Lipostat (10, 20) | Hauv Lavxias Federation, Ltalis, Asmeskas | 170 |
Lovastatin (25%) | Holletar (20) | Hauv Slovenia | 320 |
Cardiostatin (20, 40) | Hauv Lavxias Lavxias | 330 | |
Thib Ob Lub Cim Sib Thib | |||
Fluvastatin (29%) | Leskol Forte (80) | Hauv Switzerland, Spain | 2300 |
Lub Cim Thib Peb | |||
Atorvastatin (47%) | Liptonorm (20) | Hauv Is Nrias teb, RF | 350 |
Liprimar (10, 20, 40, 80) | Hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, Tebchaws Asmeskas, Tebchaws Ireland | 950 | |
Torvacard (10, 40) | Hauv Czech koom pheej | 850 | |
Plaub tiam statins | |||
Rosuvastatin (55%) | Crestor (5, 10, 20, 40) | Hauv Lavxias Federation, England, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees | 1370 |
Rosucard (10, 20, 40) | Hauv Czech koom pheej | 1400 | |
Rosulip (10, 20) | Hauv Hungary | 750 | |
Tevastor (5, 10, 20) | Hauv Ixayees | 560 | |
Pitavastatin (55%) | Livazo (1, 2, 4 mg) | Hauv Ltalis | 2350 |
Fibrates - Derivatives ntawm Fibroic Acid
Fibrates yog qhov tshuaj thib ob zoo tshaj plaws los pab nrog cov roj hauv siab. Feem ntau lawv siv nrog cov statins. Qee qhov xwm txheej, lawv raug txiav txim siab ua cov nyiaj ywj pheej.
Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm lipoproteinplase, uas tawg zom cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis muaj zog thiab tsis tshua muaj siab. Thaum kho, lipid metabolism yog nrawm, cov theem ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) nce siab, cov roj metabolism hauv lub siab ua rau lub siab, thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerotic plaques thiab plhaw plawv txo qis.
Cov tshuaj roj cholesterol ua rau zoo rau cov neeg mob. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo tshwm sim hauv qee qhov tsawg (kwv yees 7-10%).
Cov kev kho mob uas zoo tshaj plaws yog:
- Clofibrate. Nws muaj cov lus tshaj tawm hypolipidemic kev ua haujlwm, txhim kho kev zom zaub mov hauv daim siab, txo cov ntshav viscosity thiab thrombosis. Nws tsis yog kws kho rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob los yog kis tau hypercholesterolemia.
- Gemfibrozil. Clofibrate derivative nrog tsawg toxicity thiab phiv. Nws tau tshaj tawm lipid-txo cov khoom zoo. Txo cov roj LDL, VLDL thiab triglycerides, nce HDL, ua kom nrawm tshem tawm cov rog dawb los ntawm daim siab.
- Bezafibrat. Lowers cov cholesterol thiab cov piam thaj, txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis. Nws tau tshaj tawm cov khoom antiatherosclerotic.
- Fenofibrate. Cov tshuaj tshiab tshaj plaws thiab ua tau zoo rau cov roj (cholesterol) los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm cov fibrates. Nws suav hais tias yog kev kho kom dav thoob plaws hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov lipid metabolism uas tsis muaj zog thiab muaj kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj insulin. Ntxiv nrog rau lipid-txo cov khoom, nws muaj anti-inflammatory, antioxidant thiab tonic cov teebmeem.
Cov Hom Fibrates | Lub Npe Tshuaj | Tso tawm daim ntawv thiab cov tshuaj nyob hauv lub hauv paus tshuaj | Cov Noj Cov Tshuaj Pom Zoo | Tus nqi nruab nrab, rub. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clofibrate | Atomide Miskleron | Ntsiav tshuaj, tsiav tshuaj, 500 mg | 1-2 ntsiav tshuaj ib hnub ob zaug | 800 |
Gemfibrozil | Lopid Ipolipid | Cov tshuaj ntsiav, 300 mg | 2 tsiav tshuaj ob zaug ib hnub | 900 |
Bezafibrat | Bezalin Bezifal | 200 mg ntsiav tshuaj | 1 ntsiav tshuaj 2-3 zaug ib hnub | 900 |
Fenofibrate | Tsaus ntuj Lipofen | Cov tshuaj ntsiav 200 mg | 1 tshuaj ntsiav 1 zaug ib hnub | 1000 |
Fibrates raug txwv tsis pub rau cov neeg muaj mob cholelithiasis, zais zis, lub siab thiab lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm. Nrog rau kev saib xyuas zoo, lawv raug kho rau cov hluas thiab cov laus.
Sequestrants ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub
Ib pawg ntawm lipid-txo cov tshuaj uas txo cov roj cholesterol tsim tawm. Lawv raug siv los ua kev sib txuas ntawm txoj kev kho mob.
Cov kua tsib cov kua roj cua tau tsim thaum lub cev tshwm sim ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov rog.Cov sequestrants khi cov acids nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv thiab tshem lawv ntawm lub cev ib txwm muaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lawv kev nkag tsawg hauv lub siab yog qhov txo qis. Cov khoom hauv lub cev pib coj los ua ke cov kua qaub no, siv ntau dua LDL, uas txo lawv cov nyiaj hauv cov ntshav.
Sequestrants uas khi cov kua tsib kua qaub yog conventionally muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Colestyramine (cholestyramine). Thaum nkag mus rau txoj hnyuv, nws ua rau cov kua tsib tsis-absorbable bile acid. Nws ua rau nrawm rau lawv cov kev tshem tawm thiab txo qhov nqus ntawm cov cholesterol los ntawm lub plab hnyuv ntsa.
- Kauj ruam. Tshuab luam ntawv siab molecular phaus. Txo kev nqus ntawm exogenous cov cholesterol. Tsawg ua tau zoo dua li colestyramine, yog li ntawd, nws tau feem ntau kho nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho rau cov neeg mob uas muaj thawj hypercholesterolemia.
- Lub log tsim. Cov ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm cov roj (cholesterol). Lawv ua tau zoo dua, kev coj ua tsis ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj. Nws mus zoo nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem siv thaum cev xeeb tub.
Ntxiv rau kev txo qis qhov kev tswj hwm ntawm cov teeb meem roj cholesterol, tshuaj txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv, mob ntshav plawv, mob plawv. Lawv tsis nqus rau hauv cov kab ke hauv lub cev, yog li ntawd, lawv ua rau muaj kev phiv yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Feem ntau, cov no yog dyspeptic cuam tshuam: flatulence, tsis hnov qab qhov qub, mob plab.
Nicotinic acid derivatives
Niacin (Niacin, Vitamin PP, B3) - ib qho yeeb tshuaj txuam nrog lipid metabolism, enzyme synthesis, redox tshua.
Nrog rau cov roj (cholesterol) siab, Niacin tau sau tseg rau hauv kev sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj los txhim kho cov ntshav muaj zog, nthuav dav lub vascular lumen thiab ua rau cov ntshav khiav haujlwm li qub. Niacin tseem ua rau cov kev tiv thaiv tsis haum, ua kom lub cev thiab cov leeg ntshav muaj zog, muaj cov nyom ntawm lub cev.
Txoj kev kho yog ua raws li kev saib xyuas nruj ntawm tus kws kho mob. Kev phiv tshuaj yog muaj peev xwm tshwm sim - kev ua xua, kev mloog zoo li huab cua sov, ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov, ua rau cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv (txaus ntshai rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus).
Cov roj (cholesterol) yuav pab tau kom sov
Cov tshuaj ntawm pawg no tsis nce lub excretion ntawm bile acids thiab tsis inhibit zus tau los ntawm cov cholesterol los ntawm daim siab. Lawv qhov ua yog txo qis kev khiav ntawm cov kua qaub los ntawm txoj hnyuv me mus rau hauv lub siab. Vim tias qhov no, cov peev txheej txuag txo, thiab nws txoj kev thim tawm los ntawm cov ntshav yog txhim kho.
Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj hauv pawg no:
- Ezetimibe (analogues: Ezetrol, Lipobon). Khaws chav kawm tshiab. Txo kev nqus ntawm kev nqus hauv cov hnyuv. Tsis txhob txo qhov pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg, tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau lub neej tag nrho lub neej ntawm tus neeg mob. Ua tau zoo tshaj thaum ua ke nrog statins. Cov kev mob tshwm sim yog qhov ua tau - kev ua xua, zawv plab, ua rau cov ntshav tsis zoo.
- Guarem (guar ntawm cov pos hniav). Nws muaj cov nyhuv hypocholesterolemic thiab hypoglycemic. Nws txo qhov nqus ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov hnyuv me, thaum ua kom cov txheej txheem kev zom zaub mov hauv lub siab. Nrog txoj kev kho mob nyuaj, nws txo cov qib ntawm LDL thiab triglycerides los ntawm 10-15%.
Tshuaj rau txo cov ntshav siab cov roj ntshav tau muab sau tseg rau thawj hom tshuaj thiab cov mob muaj keeb ntawm hypercholesterolemia, nrog lipid metabolism cov teeb meem tsis haum nyob rau hauv muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus.
Cov tshuaj uas txhim kho elasticity ntawm cov leeg ntsa
Lawv raug siv los txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob tseem ceeb thiab tiv thaiv kev mob ntawm cov mob atherosclerosis. Kev pabcuam ntu nrog cov tshuaj uas txhim kho cov ntshav ua haujlwm, lub xeev ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntshav hlwb:
- Vinpocetine. Tshem tawm txoj kev spasm ntawm txoj leeg nqaij ntawm cov hlab ntshav, txhim kho cerebral ntshav txaus, normalizes cov txheej txheem metabolic thiab ntshav siab. Nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb.
- Dihydroquercytin. Ntsiav tshuaj los txhawm rau txhim kho lub siab lub plawv thiab lub cev ntshav. Li qub lipid metabolism, txo cov piam thaj, qeeb tus mob ntawm atherosclerosis.
- Acetylsalicylic acid. Tso rau dilute ntshav thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
- Cov tshuaj pab rau cov roj (cholesterol). Lub caij nyoog ntawm txoj kev coj lawv nrog kev nce ruaj khov hauv LDL yog qhov ua rau siab tsis txaus ntseeg. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj los txo cov roj hauv cov ntshav, cov khoom noj pabcuam tsuas yog kuaj rau kev nyab xeeb. Tam sim no tsis muaj pov thawj ntawm lawv qhov kev siv kho. Tab sis lawv tuaj yeem siv nrog kev sib txawv me ntsis ntawm LDL los ntawm cov qauv, nrog rau kev noj zaub mov noj thiab kho lub neej zoo.
Txhua cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum noj nkaus xwb raws li koj tus kws kho mob tau qhia. Ntxiv nrog rau kev noj tshuaj, cov neeg muaj lub siab xav ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) yuav tsum tau hloov pauv lawv txoj kev ua neej thiab kev noj haus. Tsuas yog hauv qhov no qhov kev kho yuav ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab siv tau.
Ntaub Ntawv
- George T. Krucik, MD, MBA. Hloov mus rau Statins rau Txo Cov Roj Cholesterol, 2016
- Susan J. Bliss, RPh, MBA. Cov Roj Choj Roj-Tsawg, 2016
- Omudhome Ogbru, PharmD. Kev Siv Roj Choj Ntshav Qab Zib, 2017
- A. A. Smirnov. Kev sib piv ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kev cai tshiab niaj hnub
Cov ntaub ntawv npaj los ntawm tus sau phau ntawv ntawm qhov project
raws li txoj cai kho ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib.